Unit 5 language points知识点总结
advise
1) advise sb. on sth.就……给某人出主意
The English teacher advises us on how to learn English well .
2) advise doing sth
The doctor advised taking more exercise .
3) advise sb. to do sth.
Our monitor ___________________ more spoken English
and listening .
4) advise的名词advice，是不可数名词
a piece of advice give sb. advice on …
(furniture,information,equipment) 不可数名词
advises me to practise
guidance (n.) 指导，引导 guide (v)
under sb’s guidance
= under the guidance of sb 在某人的指导下
You should do it under his guidance.
guidance on sth 对某事的指导
That’s guidance for teachers on how to use videos in class.
6. be out of work
= lose one’s job
= be unemployed
失业
out of breath
out of order
out of control
out of danger
out of sight
out of fashion
out of date
上气不接下气
出故障了
失控了
脱离危险了
看不见了
不流行
过时
hopeful (adj) 抱有希望的，满怀希望的
be hopeful about sth 对…满怀希望
be hopeful of doing sth 希望做某事
He is not very hopeful about the result of the interview.
She is hopeful of returning to work soon.
英语习惯上不能说 hope sb to do sth (×)，要表示类似意思，通常后接 that从句。
如：史密斯先生希望他所有的学生都能考上大学。

误：Mr Smith hopes all of his students to pass the college entrance examinations.

正：Mr Smith hopes that all of his students can pass thecollege entrance examinations.
hope to do sth 希望做某事
I hope to pass the final exam.
see 在此句意为“见证，目睹”，主语常为时间:
The last few months have seen more and more
traffic accidents .
Yesterday saw a terrible car accident in front of our school .
3 The last thirty years have seen the greatest numbers of laws stopping our rights and progress…
stop sb./sth. (from) doing sth.制止（防止）某人/某物作某事
prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.
keep sb./sth. from doing sth.（这里的from不能省略）
What can stop me (from) going if I want to go ?
The heavy rain kept us from going out .
2 encourage sb. to do sth.
sb. be discouraged
The bad news discourages us from doing seaside .
3 be proud to do sth.
be proud of sth.
take pride in
I ____________be a member of this organization.
We ____________our success .
am proud to
are proud of
8. vote 投票,表决
vote sb 投某人的票
vote on sth 对某事进行投票表决
vote to do sth 表决做某事
vote for/against 投票支持/反对
Let’s vote on it.
It’s certain that I will vote for it.
He has right to vote against it.
We’ll vote to decide whether to carry out the plan.
9. attack (n,v) 袭击，攻击
under attack 受到攻击，遭到袭击
The city came under attack during the night.
make an attack on/upon 对…发起进攻
be attacked with 患病
He is very sad because his mother is attacked with cancer.
The enemy attacked us at night.
only then did we decide to answer violence with violence .
only+状语置于句首时，句子要局部/部分倒装：
Only after the lesson did she understand it.
Only recently have I thought of them .
如果only引导主语就不用倒装：
Only some of the children understood it.
blow up
A balloon expands when it is blown up.
The government buildings were blown up.
achieve 完成，达到 achievement (n) 成就
achieve one's dream 实现某人就的梦想
I study hard to chieve my dream of going to university.
使充气，
爆炸，炸毁
充气
炸毁
12.equal adj
be equal to 等于多少,与…相等
be equal with sb 是与某人平等
Tom is equal to John in height.
The rich are equal with the poor.
相等的
He has got into /is in trouble. We must help him.
It’s unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble.
be in trouble 有麻烦，处于不幸中
补充:
make trouble 制造麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困
get into trouble 陷入困境
willing adj 乐意的，自愿的
will n 意志， 意志力 ， 意愿

be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
I’m very willing to vote for the plan.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
turn to 求助于，致力于
You can turn to the people’s police for help, no matter what kind of trouble you are in.
turn to 中的to为介词，因此其后跟名词，代词，
或动名词。
turn around 扭转 turn in 上交
turn down 调低声音等，决绝
turn up 调高声音等, 出现，到场
turn over 翻转 turn out　结果是，证明是
turn on　打开（水，电灯/电视等） turn off 关掉