The Attributive Clause
定语从句
1定义：
2.先行词：
3.关系代词、关系副词：
在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。
引导定语从句的词
关系代词：
关系副词：
Who, whom, whose, which, that等
When, where, why等
关系代词和关系副词的作用：
1、引导作用
2、替代作用
3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用
Eg: 1.Those who want to go please sign your
names here.
2.This is the house where he was born.
3. Bill, who was here yesterday, asked me a lot
of questions.
关系代词的用法
人；物
物
人
人
人、物
主语；宾语
主语；宾语
主语；宾语
宾语
定语
作宾语可省
作宾语可省
作宾语可省
可省
不可省
关系副词的用法
时间
状语
否
地点
状语
否
原因
状语
否
判断下列引导词在句中的用法
Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie.
2. He is the model worker whom/who we
should learn from.
3. A dictionary is a book which often helps us
to know the meanings of the words.
4. This is the film which I like best.
5. The boy whose father is a professor is one of
my best friends.
指代、所作成分、是否可省略
6. The house whose roof was blown away by the storm
will be rebuilt soon.
7. It was 11 o’clock when the accident happened last
night.
8. This is the village where I was brought up.
关系代词which和that的区别：
A.关系代词必须用that的情形：
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher.
This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.
This is the very book that I’m looking for.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
All that you have to do is to press the button.
There is no time that we can waste.
The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.
Summarize: 只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况
1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。
2）先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。
3)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等.
4）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。
5）先行词既有人又有物时。
B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用which
This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
Practice:
1.They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.
A. what B. that   C. which   D. where
2.In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person _______ she could turn for help. (1992)
A.that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
3. I don’t like __________ you speak to her. (1993上海)
A.the way B.the way in that
C.the way which D.the way of which
B
D
A
Correct the following sentences:
1.This is the best film which I have seen.


2.That’s all which want to say.
This is the best film that I have seen.
That’s all that I want to say.
3.Is there anything which you want in this
shop?

4.He talked about some writers and books
which/who were unknown to us all.

5.The room in that she lives is a large one.
Is there anything that you want in this shop?
He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.
The room in which she lives is a large one.
关系副词when, where, why的用法
1.Do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit
the museum together?
Do you still remember the day on whichwe went to visit the museum together?
2.This is the factory wheremy father once worked.
This is the factory in whichmy father once worked.
3.This is the reason whyhe was late.
This is the reason for which he was late.
Summarize:
在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作状语
When=in/at/on/…+which;
Where=in/at/on/…+which;
Why=for /…+which
Practice:
1.---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. (1999)
--- Is that the reason_______ you had a few days off?
A.why B. when C. what D. where
2.I’m going to visit the school _________ my mother taught physics ten years ago.
A.where B. that C. which D. what
3.Do you still remember the day ___________ I first came to Beijing?
A. which B. that C. when D. where
A
A
C
关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分
同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；
同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which
主要看： 从句意思是否完整；完整的话需用关系副词，若意思不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。
请比较以下句子：
This is the park that we visited last year.(从句意思不完整需要加宾语)
This is the park where we held a birthday party.（从句完整，只需加上特定的关系副词）
That’s the date that she won’t forget for ever.
That’s the date when we went to the college.
I like the time that we had together.
I like the time when we lived together.
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
定义： 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的修饰成分，否则主句的意思不完整或不成立。非限制性定语从句只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后主句的意思照样完整。
Compare the following sentences:
A man who does not try to learn from others can’t
achieve much.
There’re many plays (that) I’d like to see.
This note was left by Xiao Wu, who was just here.
Yesterday Mr Brown paid a visit to Hangzhou, which is famous for its West Lake.
They have invited me to visit their country, which is very kind of them.
Summarize:
1. 限制性定语从句常和先行词紧密相连；非限制
性定语从句与先行词之间常用逗号分开。
2.非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。
3.非限制性定语从句有时可以用来修饰整个句子。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句之间的区别
起限制性作用，指特定的人或物，不可省略，否则原句不完整
紧跟先行词，与先行词之间没有逗号
修饰先行词
关系代词关系副词及that
一般译为定语从句
仅作补充说明，若省，原句意思不变
用逗号与主句隔开
修饰先行词或整个句子
关系代词关系副词
可译为并列分句
*关系代词和人称代词/指示代词的选择 ① He has three sons, none of _____ is a doctor. ② He has three sons, but none of ____ is a doctor. ③ He has three sons, _______ are doctors. ④ He has three sons; ____ are doctors. A. whom B. them C. they D. who
A
D
B
C
Practice:
1.________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001)
A.It B. As C. That D. What
2.He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.   (1998)
A. which I think is B.which I think it is
C. which I think it D. I think which is
3.I shall never forget those years ______ I lived in the country with the farmers, __________ has a great effect on my life. (1994 上海)
A. that; which B.when; which C.which; that D.when; who
B
A
B
Correct mistakes for the following sentences.

1. Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from class two.
2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.
3. Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant?
4. She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths.
5. Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football.
6. Who is the girl that you talked to her just now?
7. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.
8. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.
whom
whose
that
are
likes
去掉her
去掉it
who