Unit 4 Earthquakes
复习
Unit
4
晨读启航
基础梳理
重点突破
语法专练
单词积累
单词巩固
短语接力
短语巩固
句型荟萃
句型巩固
备课优选
应试技巧
晨读启航
基础梳理
1. n. 废墟;毁灭
vt. 毁灭;使破产
2. n. 苦难;痛苦
v. 受苦;遭受
3. adj. 极度的
adv. 极其;非常
一、 单词回顾
ruin
suffering
suffer
extreme
extremely
基础梳理
4. vt. 损害;伤害
adj. 受伤的
n. 受伤处;损害;损伤
5. vt. 破坏;毁坏;消灭
n. 毁坏;毁灭
6. vt. & vi. (使)震惊;震动
n. 休克;打击;震惊
extremely
injured
injury
destroy
destruction
shock
基础梳理
7. vt. 使陷入困境
n. 陷阱;困境
8. n. 电;电流;电学
adj. 用电的;带电的;发电的
adj. 与电有关的;电学的
9. n. 掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处
adj. 受庇护的;受掩护的
trap
electricity
electric
electrical
shelter
sheltered
基础梳理
10. n. 损失;损害
vt. 损失;损害
11. vt. 使惊吓;吓唬
adj. 受惊的;受恐吓的
adj. 令人恐惧的
12. n. 祝贺;(复数)贺词
vt. 祝贺
damage
frighten
frightened
frightening
congratulation
congratulate
基础梳理
13. n. 裁判员;法官
vt. 判定;判断;判决
14. adv. 真诚地;真挚地
adj. 真诚的
judge
sincerely
sincere
二、 短语互译
1. 立刻;马上 right away
2. 轻视;认为……没价值 think little of
3. 仿佛;好像 as if
4. 结束;终结 at an end
5. 严重受损;破败不堪 in ruins
二、 短语互译
6. dig out 掘出;发现
7. a (great) number of 许多;大量的
8. in the open air 在户外
9. give a speech 发表演讲
10. raise money 集资;筹款;募捐
三、 句型精析
提炼1:.too...to...结构
In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家院里,鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不敢吃东西。
三、 句型精析
提炼2: as if引导从句
It seemed as if the world was at an end !
仿佛到了世界末日!
三、 句型精析
提炼3:3. leave+宾语+宾补
Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents .
成千上万的家庭遇难,许多孩子成了孤儿。
三、 句型精析
提炼4:部分否定
All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
重点突破
单词积累
1.burst vi. (使)爆裂;(使)裂开;(使)胀 破;突然出现;爆发
n. 突然破裂;爆发
重点突破
burst out 突然迸发;爆发
burst out doing sth.=burst into+n. 突然……起来
burst in/into 闯进,破门而入
burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/伤心欲绝/ 乐不可支
重点突破
(1)When seeing the son burst into the room, the father burst into laughter.
看到儿子突然闯入房间,父亲大笑起来。
(2)Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents _______________ of relief. (2012陕西,完形填空)
看到他们的女儿和狗回来了,父母流下了激动的泪水,如释重负。
burst into tears
重点突破
单词积累
2.ruin n. [U]毁坏;毁灭;崩溃
[C](pl.)废墟,遗迹
v. (使)破产;毁坏;毁灭
重点突破
(1)be in ruins 成为废墟;破败不堪
bring sb. to ruin 使某人毁灭;使某人倾家荡产
fall into/go to ruin 衰落,败落
(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡
ruin one's health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名声
重点突破
(1)By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. (2012山东,阅读理解A)
截止到2000年,瑙鲁的经济几乎彻底崩溃了。
(2)We were very surprised to see the ancient temple had __________ .
看到这古庙已衰落,我们感到非常惊讶。
fallen into ruin
【辨析】
【即时运用】
用ruin, destroy和damage的适当形式完成句子
The ancient tower was ________ completely rather than was slightly _________ , which can't be repaired, only leaving __________.
这座古塔不是轻微地损坏,而是被彻底地破坏了,无法修复,只剩下废墟。
。
damaged
destroyed
ruins
重点突破
单词积累
3.injure vt. 损害;伤害
injury n. 受伤处;损害;损伤
injured adj. 受伤的
重点突破
单词积累
The injured were sent to the nearby hospital at once and their injuries were severe.
这些伤员立刻被送到了附近的一家医院,他们受的伤很严重。
【辨析】
【即时运用】(2013辽宁, 23)The accident caused some ________ to my car, but it's nothing serious.
A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage
D 句意:这场事故给我的车造成了一定的损坏,但问题不严重。根据搭配cause damage to可知答案。
重点突破
单词积累
4.bury vt. 掩埋;埋葬;使专心;埋在心里;隐藏
bury oneself in study 埋头研究
bury oneself in (doing) sth.专心致力于(做)某事
bury...in... 把……埋到……里
be buried in thought 沉思
重点突破
(1)Mailboxes might be buried in the snow, or broken, or lying on the ground, but the mail was always delivered. (2012浙江,阅读理解D)
邮箱或许会被埋在雪堆里、坏了或者躺在地上,但是信件总会被投递出去。
重点突破
(2) _______________ , the boy didn't notice his father come into the room.
由于专心思考,小男孩没有注意到他的父亲走进了房间。
Buried in thought
1. (2013海口质检)I received his mother's phone call at ten. Only then did I know that he was badly _______ in an accident the day before yesterday.
A. hurt B. injured C. harmed D. wounded
B 句意:十点钟我接到他母亲的电话。直到那时我才知道他在前天的一次事故中伤得很严重。在意外事故中受伤常用injure,故选B。
单词巩固
2. The car was not seriously __________ in the accident and it won't cost much to get it repaired.
A. destroyed B. mined
C. damaged D. suffered
C 句意:汽车在事故中破坏不严重,维修费用不高。damage多指对无生命物体的损害,造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果;destroy多指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏,不能或很难再修复;ruin多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭,侧重破坏的彻底性。
单词巩固
3. 用动词burst的相关短语完成下列句子
The naughty boy was making faces when his father came in. Seeing his son's funny look, the young father__________________________________________. After a short while, a stranger ___________, which made the boy's father ___________________.
当父亲进来的时候淘气的小男孩正在做鬼脸。看到儿子那可笑的样子,年轻的父亲突然大笑起来。过了一会儿,一个陌生人突然破门而入,这让小男孩的父亲勃然大怒。
burst out laughing/burst into laughter
burst in
burst into anger
4. 用bury的适当形式填空
Daisy was an outgoing girl, but as time went by, she learned ___________ her real feelings. Besides, she seldom went out to play but___________ herself in studying. She was often seen ___________ in thought and said nothing for a long time.
to bury
buried
buried
1.at an end 结束;终结
(1)at the end of 在……尽头;在……末端
by the end of 到……结束时;到……时候为止 (常与 完成时态连用)
(2)bring sth. to an end 结束/终止某事
come to an end 结束
make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵,量入为出
put an end to 结束,终止
(3)end up 结束;告终
短语接力
(1)I warn you that my patience is at an end.
我警告你,我已经忍无可忍了。
(2)Being out of work and having two young children, they found it impossible to ________________.
失业了,还要养活两个小孩,他们发现无法维持起码的生活。
短语接力
make ends meet
2.a (great) number of 许多;大量的
表示“数量”的短语
(1)只修饰可数名词:
a few 一些
a great many很多
a dozen of/dozens of 许多
a score of/scores of许多
many a 许多(修饰单数可数名词)
短语接力
(2)只修饰不可数名词:
a little 一些
a bit of 一些
a great/big deal of 许多;很多
an amount of/amounts of 大量的
(3)修饰可数名词或不可数名词:
a lot of/lots of 许多;大量
a quantity of/quantities of 很多;大量
短语接力
(1)Although our “act” would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things. (2012全国新课标,阅读理解C)
尽管我们的行动可能只能持续很短的时间,但我们会看到很多有趣的事情。
(2)They spent _________________________________________ money on this project.
他们在这个项目上花了大量的钱。
短语接力
a great deal of/amounts of/lots of/quantities of
(1)“a number of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数,意为“许多……,大量……” 。“the number of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,意为“……的数目”。如果表示数量“多少”,要用large, small或high, low修饰,不用many, few。
(2)“large quantities of+可数名词复数/不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。“large amounts of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
【温馨提示】
短语巩固
1. I've had enough of my neighbor. I'm going to ____their noisy parties right now.
A. put an end to B. give way to
C. look up to D. come up to
A 考查动词短语辨析。前一句提到已经受够了邻居, 由此可知“我”想立刻“终止”他们吵闹的聚会。put an end to sth.,“结束某事”,符合语境 。
短语巩固
2. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)It is said that a number of students ________(be)chosen to attend the ceremony.
(2)The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _____________(be) rising steadily since 2010.
were
has been
句型荟萃
1.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.
在农家院里,鸡甚至是猪都紧张得不敢吃东西。
【句型分析】
句中too...to... 为固定句式结构,意为“太……而不能”。其用法还有:
句型荟萃
(1)当too...to... 用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向 的形容词,如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时,不定式表示肯定意义。
(2)can't/can never...too... 再怎么……都不过分
句型荟萃
(1)When crossing the road, you can't be too careful.
过马路时你再怎么小心都不过分。
(2)If he turns to me for help, I will be _______________________.
如果他向我求助,我将非常乐意帮助他。
too willing to help him
句型荟萃
2.All hope was not lost.
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
【句型分析】
该句为不完全否定句,也可称之为部分否定句。
①当not与all, both, complete, each, every, everyone, everything, whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时,无论not的位置如何,皆表示不完全否定的意义,意为“并非都”。
②no, none, no one, neither, nothing, nowhere等表示完全否定。
句型荟萃
(1)None of us supported his idea.
我们都不赞同他的观点。
(2)Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Great Wall.
我一生中印象最深的就是第一次游览长城。
句型巩固
1. When driving a car on the highway, you can't be __________careful for safety.
A. very B. rather
C. too D. extremely
解析:C 句意:为了安全,在高速路上开车的时候,你再小心都不为过。此题考查“can't be too+adj.”这一句型,故选C项。
句型巩固
2. Climbing mountains is my favorite sport. There is like it as a means of keeping fit.
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything
解析:C 句意:登山是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式,没有什么比得上它了。根据上下文,空格处需要一个表示否定意义的词,故选C。
句型巩固
3. I agree most of what Tom said, but I don't agree with _______________.
A. nothing B. something
C. anything D. everything
解析:D 句意:我同意汤姆的大部分观点,但不是完全赞同。everything与否定副词连用表示部分否定,故选D。
单元语法专练
【语法概要】本单元主要讲述了关系代词引导的定语从句。
【典题集训】
1. (2013山东, 31)There is no simple answer,________ is often the case in science.
A. as B. that C. when D. where
2. (2013天津,6)We have launched another manmade satellite, is announced in today's newspaper.
A. that B. which
C. who D. what
单元语法专练
3. The only language __________is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. it C. / D. that
4. Is this factory _________a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one B. which
C. who D. whom
5. Look out! Don't get too close to the house _________ roof is under repair.
A. whose B. where
C. of which D. that
应试技巧
定语从句在写作中的妙用
一、 定语从句在书面表达中的整合功能
定语从句主要把两个简单句有机地整合为一个复合句,从而使句子形式更加紧凑,表意更加准确。如:我们可以将“I am deeply impressed by the great changes.”和“They have taken place in the school over the past three years.”两个简单句通过定语从句整合为复合句
“I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years.”来提升语言表达的层次。
二、 书面表达中定语从句
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