Unit 4
Earthquakes
基础知识梳理
1．earthquake n．地震
2．burst vi.爆裂；爆发

3．ruin n．废墟；毁灭
n．突然破裂；爆发

vt.毁灭；使破产
4．injure vt.损害；伤害

5．destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭
n．休克；打击；震惊
6．shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动

7．rescue n．& vt.援救；营救
8．trap vt.使陷入困境
n．陷阱；困境
9．damage n．& vt.损失；损害
1．burst vi.(burst, burst)爆裂；爆发
n．突然破裂；爆发
例句
The balloon burst.气球爆炸了。
A burst of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song.歌声

结束之后响起了一阵掌声。
搭配
be bursting to do sth.急于/迫切想做某事
be bursting (with sth.) 爆满；涨满

burst (sth.) open 突然打开

burst in on/upon sb./sth.闯进；打断，扰乱(某人或某事)

burst into tears/laughter/flames 突然大哭/大笑/燃烧

burst into (a room) 闯进(房间)
burst out doing sth.突然开始做某事
运用
完成句子
(1)广场上到处都是游客。
The square is ____________tourists.

(2)我妻子听到这个坏消息就哭了起来。
My wife ___________________________when she heard the

bad news.

(3)他打断了我们的话。
He________ upon our conversation.
bursting with
burst into tears/burst out crying
burst in
2．injure vt.损害；伤害
例句
Don't injure yourself with that tool.
不要让那个工具伤害到你。
派生
辨析
injury n．损伤；伤害
injure/hurt/damage/harm/wound
(1)injure 指在意外事故中受伤。

(2)hurt 强调精神或情感上受伤害或肉体疼痛。

(3)damage 通常指物体有所损失。

(4)harm 指对身体有损害，比较常用。

(5)wound 一般指受刀、枪伤等外伤。
运用
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
(1)What you said______ him deeply.

(2)He was _________in a fight.

(3)The child was badly________ in the accident.

(4)The sunlight will______ your skin.

(5)The heavy rain came down and________ the crops.
hurt
wounded
injured
harm
damaged
3．shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动
n．休克；打击；震惊
例句
It shocked me to see them doing that.
看到他们做那样的事情真令我震惊。
The news was a great shock to him.

那消息对他打击很大。
搭配
in (a state of) shock 处于休克状态
give sb.a shock 某人大吃一惊

be shocked to do sth.做某事感到震惊

be shocked at/by (doing) sth.因(做)某事而感到震惊
运用
完成句子
(1)发生事故后到现在，她仍然处于休克状态。
She _______________after the accident.

(2)他的恶毒让我震惊。
I _________________his wickedness.
is still in shock
was shocked at/by
4．rescue n．& vt.援救；营救
例句
We rescued him from the enemy's camp.
我们把他从敌营中救了出来。
A rescue operation is carried out by the policemen.

警察展开了救援行动。
搭配
in a rescue 在营救行动中
come to one's rescue/the rescue of sb.给予某人援助

rescue services/workers 救援工作/人员

rescue sb./sth.(from sb./sth.) 从……营救……
运用
完成句子
(1)抢救人员冲向飞机坠毁的现场。
________________rushed to the site of the plane crash.

(2)他从失火的建筑物内救出了三个孩子。
He _______________________the burning building.

(3)他从桥上跳入水中去抢救那个溺水儿童。
He dived off the bridge and came to ___________the drowning

child.
Rescue workers
rescued three children from
the rescue of
用本单元所学单词及用法完成下列句子
1．抽烟会损害你的健康。
Smoking can_________________.
2．我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。
I felt as if my heart would____________.
3．许多妇女陷入没有爱情的婚姻之中而无法摆脱。
Many women ____________in loveless marriages.
4．水灾毁坏了庄稼。
The flood______________.
damage your health
burst with joy
are trapped
ruined the crops
5．这棵树向那边倒下就会把那所房子压坏。
If the tree falls that way, it will_________________.
6．他在火灾中伤了左手。
He__________________ in a fire.
7．如果不是吉姆跳下水去救人，那个小孩可能早就淹死了。
Had Jim not dived in to___________, the boy would have
drowned.
8．听说他突然去世，凯特大为震惊。
Kate ___________________hear of his sudden death.
destroy the house
injured his left hand
rescue him
was deeply shocked to
1．as if 仿佛；好像
2．at an end (of) 结束；终结
3．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；毁灭

4．a (great) number of 许多；大量的
1．as if 仿佛；好像
例句
She treats him as if he were a stranger.
她待他如陌生人。
拓展
It seemed/seems as if...似乎；好像；仿佛(当从句陈述
的是假设情况时，从句用虚拟语气；当陈述的是事实时，用陈

述语气)
运用
完成句子
(1)好像什么事情也没有发生过似的。

It seemed as if___________________.

(2)现在好像已经是冬天了。

It seems as if_________________already.
nothing had happened
it has been winter
2．at an end (of) 结束；终结
例句
The holiday was at an end and it was time to leave.
假期结束了，是时候离开了。
拓展
at the end of 在……末尾；在……结束时
by the end of 到……结束时；到……末尾时
come/draw to an end 结束；完结
in the end 最后；终于
make an end of sth.＝put an end to sth.结束或终结某事物
without end 永远的；没有完结的
end in (doing) sth.以(做)某事结束或告终
end to end 头并头，尾并尾；首尾衔接
end up 结束；完事
end with 以……结束
运用
完成句子
(1)寒冷的天气终于在三月末结束了。

The cold weather at last ended___________ March.

(2)让我们结束这无谓的争吵吧。

Let's ________________________this foolish quarrel.

(3)他最终会受到惩罚的。

He will ______being punished.

(4)他多次努力要考及格，最后终于成功了。

He tried many times to pass the exam and __________ he

succeeded.

(5)战争终于结束了。

The war was finally________.
at the end of
make an end of/put an end to
end in
in the end
at an end
3．in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；毁灭
例句
The invader laid towns and villages in ruins.
入侵者把村镇变为废墟。

His career is/lies in ruins.他已前途尽毁。
拓展
fall into ruin 破败
get ruined 毁坏
运用
完成句子
(1)庄稼被晚霜给冻坏了。

The crops______________ the late frost.
(2)我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。

My new shoes _________in the mud.
(3)大地震过后，许多教堂都严重受损了。

After the great earthquake many churches___________.
were ruined by
got ruined
were in ruins
4．a (great) number of 许多；大量的
例句
A great number of questions came up at the meeting.
会议上提出了许多问题。
辨析
a (great) number of/the number of
(1)a (great) number of 意为“许多；大量的”，后面常跟复

数可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。

(2)the number of 意为“……的数目”，后面也跟复数可数

名词，但其谓语动词用单数。
运用
用 be 动词的适当形式填空
(1)The number of teachers present at the meeting_____ 200.

(2)A number of teachers ________present at the meeting.
is/was
are/were
用本单元所学短语及用法完成下列句子
1．这个老妇人摔倒了并把右腿摔断了。
The old lady_________ and broke her right leg.
2．我来自中国，我为我的祖国骄傲。
I'm from China and I _________________________ my
motherland.
3．户外的空气很新鲜，这对我们的健康有益。
The air ______________is fresh, which is good for our health.
4．大火在爆发 15 分钟后终于被扑灭了。
The fire was put out in 15 minutes after it_________.
fell down
am proud of/take pride in
in the open air
broke out
5．他是一个很少为自己着想的人。
He is a person who_____________ his own interest.
6．听到这个消息，这个女孩马上跑去学校。
Hearing the news, the girl rushed to the school__________.
7．那次地震过后，全城到处是颓垣断壁。
An earthquake left the whole town_________.
8．我必须警告你，我已忍无可忍了。
I must warn you that my patience is almost_________.
9．他似乎是个万事通。
It seems _____he knows everything.
10．许多士兵被派去保护这座建筑物。
__________________soldiers were detached to guard the
building.
thinks little of
right away
in ruins
at an end
as if
A (great) number of
原句 1

精讲
All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。

表示“全体”意义的代词、副词或形容词如 all, both,
every, everybody, always 等和否定副词 not 连用时表部分否定，

意为“并非……都……”。
注意
no, none, neither, nobody, nothing 等词表示完全否定，
意为“……都不……”。
精练
根据中文提示，完成下列句子
(1)不是所有的鸟都会飞。

All birds___________.

(2)没有人喜欢被嘲笑。

______________be laughed at.
can not fly
Nobody likes to
原句 2
Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.
老鼠跑出田地，寻找地方躲藏。
精讲
现在分词(短语)在句中作伴随状语，表示其动作与主
语谓语动词的动作同时发生或与主语构成主动关系。
精练
根据中文提示，完成下列句子
(1)他生气地说着，手指着墙上的布告。
He said it angrily, ___________the notice on the wall.

(2)他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
All night long he lay awake,__________ the problem.
pointing at
thinking of
运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵之
On May 12, 2008, a strong earthquake shook my hometown,
Wenchuan in Sichuan Province.At 2 ： 28 pm, we suddenly felt
everything began to shake fiercely and the earth rose and fell
sharply.(1) _____________________( 在可怕的几秒钟内), the city

of Wenchuan (2)__________ (成为一片废墟)．The supply of water

and electricity (3) _________(中断)．(4) _______________(大量的)
people were injured or killed and the number of people who were
killed reached more than 60,000.(5) __________________(数以万计的)
In a few terrible seconds
lay in ruins
was cut off
A great number of
Tens of thousands of
children were left without parents. It seemed that the world was

(6)__________ ( 到 了 尽 头 ) ． But all the hope was not lost.The
government called in the army and organized a lot of people to
(7) ________________(营救被困者)．They sent (8)_________ (伤者)

to hospitals and (9)______ ( 埋 葬 ) the dead.Nowadays, we are

(10) ______________( 全 力 以 赴 ) and overcoming all kinds of
difficulties to rebuild our home.
at an end
rescue the trapped
the injured
buried
doing our best
听说考试“模仿朗读”考试目标及备考策略
A 节模仿朗读，要求考生观看一段大约一分钟的片断，然

后考生开始模仿训练： 先阅读文字稿，再对照文字稿听录音。

完成训练之后考生开始模仿朗读：考生对照片断的字幕朗读，

要求考生的语音、语调和语速尽可能与片断保持一致。
一、应试目标
对于该题型，新《英语课程标准》和《广东省高考英语考
试大纲》皆有相应的语言和技能要求：
1．能使用恰当的语调和节奏；
2．在口头表达中逐步做到语音语调自然、得体、流畅。
二、能力目标
具体而言，应对该题型，同学们必须培养以下的能力：

1．正确的语音语调；
2．识别语音语调特征的能力(包括识别词汇的轻重读、词
汇的连读、句子意群之间节奏的变化以及语调)；
3．模仿的能力。

三、备考策略
同学们必须在平时的英语学习中，加强模仿朗读，完善语

音语调。必须逐个突破语音关，学会处理句子的语调、意群、

停顿、爆破、连读以及流利性等口语基本技能，追求“洋腔洋

调”。以下两种做法可供同学们参考：
1．影子跟读训练法：选取现行教材中的重点段落录音进行

强化性的模仿。具体做法是：用迟于原录音 1 秒钟的速度跟读，

保证在先听清原声的语音语调的基础上进行模仿，同时要紧跟

朗读者的语速，力求语速上也达到原声的要求。模仿过程中，

不仅要注意语调，还要特别注意原声对于句子意群、词汇轻重

读的处理。
2．录音比较训练法：持之以恒，可以使得自己的语音语调

达到质的飞跃。先听一遍标准朗读，不断模仿，力求语音、语

调、节奏与原声一致；然后对自己的朗读进行录音；最后把自

己朗读的录音与原声进行比较，琢磨出其中的差距。遵循“听

—模仿—录音—比较”的步骤，多次重复，语音语调会越来越

规范。
基本句型三
主语＋及物动词＋宾语
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主
语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，
即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这种句型中的动词应为及
物动词或者可以后接宾语的及物动词短语。同时，句子中有时
含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动
词不定式、动词-ing 形式或从句等。如：
You can put the books in your bag.

你可以把书放在书包里。
Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.

我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。
She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.

她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。
I prefer to make web pages.

我更喜欢做网页。
Unit 4　Earthquakes
假如你是位华侨，叫Jack,35年后再次来到唐山，发现它在地震后变化很大(见内容提示)，你给朋友Mary发电子邮件，告诉她这里的变化。
【写作内容】
1．地震后，在废墟上建起了很多的新高楼。
2．市区新建有立交桥(overpass)，交通很方便。
3．有些富裕的家庭开上了私家车。
4．城市还有中外各种风味小吃。
5．通讯发达，上网和发邮件比以前更方便。
【写作要求】
1．必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给内容；
2．文章开头和结尾已经给出，不计入5个句子中。
Dear Mary，
Tangshan has changed a lot in the past 35 years.
___________________________________________
Thanks to the people in this city, a whole new world has been created!
Yours，
Jack
Dear Mary，
Tangshan has changed a lot in the past 35 years. First, more high buildings have appeared on ruins of the earthquake, which are modern and beautiful. Many overpasses have been set up, so it has become very convenient for people to travel. Besides, many families have got cars of their own. To my delight, I can taste delicious food of different countries such as
the food of America, Japan and South Korea. And now it is easier for me to keep in to