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必修5 词汇句型复习　Unit 3　Life in the future
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要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1．impression n．印象；感想；印记→impress v．给某人深刻印象→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的2．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地3．previous adj.在前的；早先的
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4．guide n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导5．surrounding n．周围的事物；环境 adj.周围的→surround vt.围绕6．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受7．lack vi. & vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西8．adjustment n．调整；调节→adjust vt.调整；使适应9．press vi. & vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure n．压力10．fasten vt.系牢；扎牢
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11．switch n．开关；转换 vt.转换12．optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的→pessimistic(反义词)13．desert n．沙漠；荒原14．typist n．打字员→typewriter n．打字机15．instant n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.马上16．greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
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17．representative n．代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的→represent v．代表18．settlement n．定居；解决→settle v．定居；解决→settler n．定居者
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●重点短语
1．take up　拿起；接受；开始；继续2．be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原3．lose sight of 看不见4．sweep up 打扫；横扫5．slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……6．speed up 加速
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7．as a result 结果8．be similar to... 与……相似9．in all directions 向四面八方10．show...around... 带领某人参观
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●重点句型
1．At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.起初，我的新环境很难忍受。2．However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.然而，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多的客车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
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3．Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.太疲倦了，我爬上床很快就睡着了。
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●高考范文(2008·全国Ⅱ)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写封回信。要点：1.参加中文学习班；2．看中文书刊、电视；3．学唱中文歌曲；4．交中国朋友。
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注意：1.词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾语已为你写好。
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June 8, 2008Dear Peter， I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.________________________________________________________________________________________________________Best wishes. Li Hua
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[范文] June_8,2008Dear_Peter，I'm_glad_to_receive_your_letter_asking_for_my_advice_on_how_to_learn_Chinese_well.Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as you'll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible.
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Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.Try and write me in Chinese next time.Best_wishes. Li_Hua
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考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．impression n. 印象；感想；印记impress vt. 使感动，使留下印象impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的have an impression of 对……有印象be under the impression that... 认为……；以为……
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make an impression on 给……留下印象impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事物impress sb. with sth. 使某人铭记某事物be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻an impressive scene 难忘的场面
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[即学即练1](1)The new teacher _________________________ the students.新教师给学生留下了一个好印象。(2)I __________________ that I‘ve seen that man before.我觉得我以前见过那个人。(3)The robber _____________________ his feet in the mud.强盗在烂泥里留下了他的脚印。(4)The teacher ____________ the importance of English ______ us.老师让我们铭记(向我们强调)英语的重要性。
made a good impression on
have the impression
left an impression of
impressed
on
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(5)I was deeply __________________ his performance.他的表演给我留下极深的印象。
impressed by/at/with
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2．previous adj.以前的；早先的previous to...在……前；先于……(to为介词)previously adv.先前地；以前地
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[即学即练2](1)No ____________ experience is necessary for this job.这一工作无需相关的经验。(2)____________ this, she’d always been ill.这以前，她身体一向不好。(3)The world record was _____________ held by a Spanish athlete.这项世界纪录以前是由一位西班牙运动员保持的。
previous
Previous to
previously
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3．guide n．向导，指南，指导，导游，有指导意义的事物vt.指导，管理，带领a guide to...……的指南guide post路标guide sb. through/across带领某人穿越……
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[即学即练3](1)Teachers should ______ the students ______ their studies.教师应当指导学生们进行学习。(2)These philosophical views can serve as a ____________ life.这些哲学观点可以作为处世指南。(3)He ______ the man through the streets to the railway station.他带这个人穿过街道到达火车站。(4)I don’t know. You may look in the TV ______.我不知道，你可以看看《电视报》。(5)It’s an important ____________ the study of science.这是学习科学的重要指南。
guide
in
guide in
guided
Guide
guide to
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4．instant n．瞬间，刹那　adj.立即的，立刻的in instant need of help急需救助in an instant立刻；马上表“一……就……”的有：the minute/moment/second/instant, as soon as ，instantly, immediately, directly
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[即学即练4](1)I need __________________.我需要立即回答。(2)The injured were ________________________ help.那些伤者急需救助。(3)I shall be back __________________.我马上就回来。(4)Please send me an email ____________ you reach Sichuan.你一到四川就给我发电子邮件。
an instant reply
in instant need of
in an instant
the instant
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(5)__________ I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.我一看见他就认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。
Instantly
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5．take up 占去(时间/空间)；开始学习；从事……；继续；接受；拿起；改短(衣服)；加入take off 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名take in 吸入；领会；包含；收留(某人)take away 解除；消除(痛苦等)take back 收回(说过的话)；退回(货物)；与……重
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归于好，使回忆起take down (＝write down, note down) 写下；拆除take on 呈现(新面貌)；雇用；承担责任take for 当做；误认为take apart 拆开take over 接管，接收
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[即学即练5]　写出下列句中take up的意思。(1)Finally he took up the textbook and read us the lesson.___________________________________________________(2)The table takes up too much room.____________________________________________________(3)She took up the story where Tim had left off.____________________________________________________
拿起
占去(空间)
继续
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(4)John took up writing poetry while at school.____________________________________________________(5)She took up his offer of a drink.____________________________________________________(6)This skirt needs taking up.____________________________________________________(7)Their protests were later taken up by other groups.____________________________________________________
开始从事
接受
改短(衣服)
加入
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6．lose sight of看不见at the sight of...在看到……时catch sight of...望见，看到……in/within sight在视线内，可以被看见in sight of...可以看见……out of sight看不见了，不被人看见
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[即学即练6](1)I __________________ him in the crowd.在人群中我再也看不到他了。(2)She let out a cry _______________________the snake.她一见到蛇，就发出叫喊声。(3)Sheila __________________ her own face in one of the shop windows.希拉在一扇橱窗里瞥见了自己的脸。(4)When we got to the beach, there wasn’t a soul ____________.我们到达海滩时一个人也看不到。
lost sight of
at the sight of
caught sight of
in sight
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7．speed up (使)加快速度；(使)增加……速度at a/the speed of 以……的速度run at full speed 以全速跑pick up speed 加快速度with all great speed 以全速，开足马力at a high/low speed 以高速/低速at (the) top speed 以最高速度speed limit 速度限制
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[即学即练7](1)The train began to __________________. 火车开始加速。(2)The train soon ____________. 火车很快加速了。(3)She ____________ and overtook them.她加快速度超过了他们。(4)The train runs ___________________ 200 kilometres an hour.火车以每小时200千米的速度行驶。
pick up speed
speeded up
speeded up
at a speed of
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Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1．However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too wany carriages flying by in all directions. 然而，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于太多的客车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
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what looked like... 是宾语从句，做 reached 的宾语。what 在宾语从句中做主语，表示地点。这时，同学们要注意，别把 what 误用做 where。因为 where是连接副词，在从句中做地点状语，而 what 是连接代词，在从句中做主语、宾语、表语或定语。what 引导名词性从句时，常含有事情、状况、言语、时间和地点的意味。①What surprised me most was his way of speaking.最让我吃惊的是他的说话方式。(what 表事情)
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②She is no longer what she used to be.她不再是以前的样子了。(what 表状况)③We were all confused by what he said.我们都被他说的话弄迷糊了。(what 表言语)④He had driven for what seemed three hours.他开车开了似乎三个小时了。(what 表时间)⑤They finally reached what was called “a lonely island”．他们终于来到了一个叫“孤岛”的地方。(what 表地点)
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[即境活用1]　(1)(2008·北京)The companies are working together to create ______ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A．which　B．thatC．what D．who
答案：C
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解析：句意：这些公司正在一起努力创造他们所希望的21世纪最好的交通方式。what 引导宾语从句，在从句中做主语。 which “哪一个”，who “谁”，that 在名词性从句中不充当成分。
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(2)(2007·浙江)Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's ______ the best jobs are.A．where B．whatC．when D．why
答案：A
解析：句意：为什么不去市中心碰碰运气呢，鲍勃？在那个地方有最好的工作。where 在此引导表语从句，在从句中做状语。
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2．Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。exhausted为形容词在句中做伴随状语。①He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了7天。②For a moment she just stood there, unable to believe what had just happened.她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，简直不能相信刚才发生的事。③He lay on the bed, awake.他躺在床上，醒着。
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④The boy lay, relaxed on the sofa.小男孩放松地躺在沙发上。⑤Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.新的环境把我弄得心烦意乱的，由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到受不了。
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[即境活用2]　(2008·北京)After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.A．hungry and tiredlyB．hungry and tiredC．hungrily and tiredlyD．hungrily and tired
答案：B
解析：句意：长途旅游后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。本题考查形容词做状语，表示伴随或结果。
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易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考
1.constant/continual/continuous(1)constant adj.不断的，经常的，强调始终如一地经常出现。(2)continual adj.连续不断的；频繁的，表示时断时续的发生。(3)continuous adj.不停的，连续不断的，强调中间不停顿。
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[应用1]　(1)the _________ wash of the tides潮水不停的拍击(2)They have had a 3 days ____________ flight.他们已经有了一个连续三天的飞行。(3)Air is in _____________ motion.空气在不停地运动。
continual
continuous
constant
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2. 形容词做状语[应用2]　(1)______ at her success, her parents took her to an expensive restaurant to celebrate.A．To delight B．To be delightedC．Delighted D．Delighting
答案：C
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(2)He lay in bed all night, ______.A．wake B．awakeC．waken D．woke
答案：B
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(3)After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ______.A．exhausting B．exhaustedC．being exhausted D．having exhausted
答案：B
解析：形容词exhausted意为“(感到)精疲力竭的”，在此处做状语，说明主语的特征；exhausting意为“令人精疲力竭的”，常指事物；being exhausted仅能做状语，表示原因，此处与语境不符。
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(4)－Why did Jo