Unit 1 高考复习
一、单词识记
1. _________ n.宇宙; 世界
2. ________ n.受害者
3. ________________ n.附近; 邻近
4. ________ adj. 严重的, 剧烈的
5. ________________ n.特征; 特性
characteristic
universe
victim
neighborhood
severe
6. _________ vt.照顾；出席；参加
7. _________ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
8. _________ vt.预见；预知
9. _________ adj.积极的；肯定的
10. ________ vt.打败；战胜 n.失败
defeat
attend
absorb
foresee
positive
11. __________ n.治愈 vt.治愈
12. __________ n.柄；把手vt.处理
13. __________ vt.怀疑 n.嫌疑犯
14. ___________ n.挑战 vt.挑战
15. __________ adj.熟练的 n.专家
expert
cure
handle
suspect
challenge
二、单词拓展 (A)单词派生
1. __________ n. 科学
__________ n. 科学家
__________ adj. 科学的

2. __________ vt. 分析
__________ n. 分析
analysis
science
scientist
scientific
analyze
3. _________ vt. 污染；弄脏
_________ adj. 受污染的
_________ n. 污染
pollute
polluted
pollution
4. ___________ vt. 命令；指示；教导

____________ n. 指示；教导
instruct
instruction
5. ______________ vt. 结束

______________ n. 结束; 结论

6. _____________ n. 小心; 谨慎

_____________ adj. 小心的; 谨慎的
cautious
conclude
conclusion
caution
(B)灵活运用
1. He needed more ________ (science) experiments to support his theory.
1. 形容词作定语。

2. She has come to the ____________ (conclude) that he does not love her at all.
2. 名词做宾语。
scientific
conclusion
3. He fell ill because of eating the ________ (pollute) seafood.
3. 形容词作定语。

4. The ________ (analyse) of the food showed the presence of food.
4. 名词做主语。

5. Follow the ___________ (instruct) when you operate the machine.
5. 名词做宾语。
polluted
analysis
instructions
1. ______________ 提出
2. ______________ 讲得通；有意义
3. ______________ 使显露；暴露
4. ______________ 将…和…联系起来
三、短语翻译
link ...to ...
put forward
make sense
expose ...to
5. _____________ 除……之外； 此外

6. _______________ 对……严格

7. _____________________得出结论

8. ______________导致；引起
lead to
apart from
(be) strict with
draw a conclusion
9. _______________ 失去控制

10. _______________受责备

11. ____________________ 在建设中

12. _______________ 结束
come to an end
out of control
be to blame
be under construction
四、课文回顾
John Snow was a well-known physician in London in the 19th century. 1___ famous was he that he even attended Queen Victoria to ease the 2_____ (bear) of her babies. However, he decided to defeat cholera, a deadly disease at that time when he saw thousands of people 3_______ (expose) to it died every time there was an outbreak.
So
birth
exposed
In 1854 when cholera broke out，he began to gather information and marked on a map 4 ______ all the dead people had lived. He found many people who had drunk 5___ dirty water from the pump died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He found a woman and 6 ___ daughter who had the water delivered from the pump every day died of cholera after drinking the water.
where
the
her
7____ this extra evidence John Snow announced that the polluted water was 8 ________ (blame). He suggested the source of all water supplies 9________ (examine) and new methods of dealing 10____ water be found. Finally，“King Cholera” was defeated.
With
to blame
be examined
with
五、课文概要 以约30个词概括课文内容要点。
John Snow, a famous doctor and expert, succeeded in defeating King Cholera in a scientific way. Cholera was a deadly disease and had attacked London twice in the 1850s.
1. cure vt. 治愈; 矫正n. 治愈; 疗法；措施

原句 Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源, 也不了解它的治疗方法。(B5P2)
例句 Up till now, People have not found an effective cure for AIDS. 到目前为止, 人们还没有找到治疗艾滋病的有效的方法。
运用
⑴ Her son was addicted to the computer games and she had to ___________________ (使他改掉这个习惯).

⑵ The government is finding a cure ___ the severe pollution.
cure him of the habit
for
原句 The second suggested that people absorb this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。(B5P2)
2. absorb vt. 吸收；吸引(注意力)
例句 Dark clothes absorbed light easily. 深色衣服容易吸收光线。

搭配 be absorbed in全神贯注于, 专心致志于
运用 完成下列句子。
⑴ 当我进来时, 他正聚精会神地看小说。
When I entered, he _______________ ________ a novel.

⑵ 我们可以从广泛的阅读中吸收许多有用的东西。
We can _________________________ from extensive reading.
absorb a lot of useful things
3. be to blame (for sth.) (为某事)应受责备/承担责任

原句 It seemed that the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。(B5P2)
例句 Mr. Smith was to blame for the accident. 史密斯先生 要为事故负责。

搭配 blame sb. for sth.为某事责备某人
运用 完成下列句子或填入一个恰当的介词。
⑴ 我不怪你, 我怪我自己。
I do not blame you, but I_______ ______ .
⑵ 那次事故怪不得Tom, 毕竟他还是个孩子。
Little Tom was not_________ for the accident. After all, he is only a child.

⑶ His mother blamed him ___ his dishonesty.
for
to blame
4. put forward 提出; 提前; 被提名

原句 Who put forward a theory about black holes? 谁提出关于黑洞的理论？(B5P1)

例句 He often puts forward some useful advice. 他总能提出一些有用的建议。
⑴ We have to put the meeting forward by two weeks.(意思___________ )

⑵Dr. King put forward a suggestion that talented students should be placed in special classes. (意思_________ )
运用 说出下列句中划线部分的意思。
将……提前
提出建议
⑶ His name was put forward
for the Chairman of the Students’ Union. (意思____________)
被推荐/提名
原句 Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. 除了上面提到的结构, 你还学了下列词组。(B5P4)

例句 Apart from school work, I spend my spare time in singing and angling.
5. apart from 除了
用法 apart from是短语介词, 既相当于besides /in addition to /as well as, 又相当于except (for)。

运用 用besides，except，except for替代apart from。
⑴ Apart from the cost, time should also be considered.
( ______________________________)
Apart from=Besides (In addition to)
⑵ Apart from a few mistakes, it is a good composition.
( _________________________ )

⑶ Apart from the ending, it’s really a good film.
(______________________________ )
Apart from = Except (not including)
Apart from =Except for
6. be strict with sb. (in sth.) (在某方面)对某人严格要求

原句 I need to be strict with …我需要对……要求严格(B5P6)

例句 You must be strict with yourself in study.你在学习上要对自己严格。
运用 填入一个恰当的介词。
⑴ Our English teacher is very strict _____ us ___ our homework.

⑵ My mother is not only strict ___ her work but also strict _____ me.
with
with
in
in
原句 A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位从宽街搬过来的妇女，她特别喜欢那里的水, 每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里。(B5P3)
1. have sth. done 让某人干某事; 遭遇某事
例句 You’d better have the machine repaired tomorrow.你最好明天找人来修机器。
仿写 把下列句子译成英文。
⑴ 明天我要去理发。
I will ________________________.

⑵ 爸爸几天前去拔牙。
My father __________________a few days ago.
have my hair cut tomorrow
had his tooth pulled
原句 He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上, 而行星则围绕着太阳转, 只有月球仍然绕着地球转。(B5P7)
2. with+宾语+非谓语动词
例句 I can’t fall a sleep with the baby crying. 婴儿一直在哭, 我睡不着觉。
仿写 把下列句子译成英文。
⑴ 鸟儿在鸣叫, 我们在森林里愉快地散步。
We walked happily in the forest ____ __________________.

⑵ 还有很多作业要做, 我今晚不能和你去
看电影了。
__________________________, I can’t go to see the movie with you tonight.
With a lot of homework to do
原句 To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了阻止这样的事再发生, 约翰。斯诺建议所有的水源都要检查。
3. suggest (that) sb. (should) do 建议某人做某事
例句 The doctor suggested he have a good rest. 医生建议他要好好休息。
仿写 把下列句子译成英文。
⑴ 他建议我们工作后要好好休息。
_______________________________
______________ after work.

⑵ 她建议你去那里之前先打个电话。
_________________________________
_______ before you go round there.
She suggested (that) you (should) phone
He suggested (that) we (should)
have a good rest
4. Only if+从句，倒装

原句 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上, 天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
例句 Only if you are in London can you realize its beauty.只有当你亲身来到伦敦, 你才能体会到它的美。

句型 Only 引导的介词短语或副词或状语从句放在句首时, 要倒装。
仿写 把下列句子译成英文。
⑴ 只有用这种方法你才能在这么短的时间内完成它。
Only in this way _________________ ____________.

⑵ 只有当你用心学习时, 你才能取得大的进步。
Only when you put your heart into study _____________________________.
will you make great progress
原句 A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位妇女，她是从宽街搬过来的，非常喜欢那里从水泵打上来的水，每天都要派人去那里运水到她家里来。(P2 B5)
分析 本句主干是A woman liked the water；who引导的是一个___________从句，补充说明A woman；句型so …that…中的that引导一个结果状语从句；在这个结果状语从句中又有一个句型have sth done，表示“_________”。
请人做某事
非限制性定语
1. 西蒙的语文老师对西蒙要求很严格。
1. Simon’s language teacher is very strict with him.

2. 他经常提出问题让西蒙回答。
2. He often puts forward questions for Simon to answer.
3. 除此之外, 他还建议西蒙要从课文得出结论。
3. Apart from this, he suggests Simon draw conclusions from some texts.

4. 西蒙在阅读中吸收了很多的知识。
4. Simon absorbs a lot of knowledge from reading.
5. 西蒙让他的同学帮他修改作文, 并学习优秀作文。
Simon has his compositions checked by his classmates and learns from the good articles.

6. 每次西蒙想放弃的时候, 他总是鼓励他。
Every time Simon wants to give up, he always encourages him.
7.只有当他不放弃的时候, 他才能获得成功。
Only if he doesn’t give up can he succeed.

8. 在老师的帮助下, 西蒙进步很快。
With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.
合并：
Simon’s language teacher is very strict with him and he often puts forward questions for Simon to answer. Apart from this, he suggests Simon draw conclusions from some texts and in this way, Simon absorbs great knowledge from reading.
In addition, Simon has his compositions checked and learns from the good articles. Every time Simon wants to give up, he always encourages him not to, because only in this way can he succeed. With the help of the teacher, Simon has made rapid progress.
Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January, 1942 (300 years after the death of Galileo) in Oxford, England. When he was eight, his family moved 1___ St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London. 2 ___ eleven Stephen went to St Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his father’s old college.
1. 表示到……去。
2. 表示“在某人……岁时”要用at。
At
to
Stephen wanted to do mathematics, 3 _________ his father would have preferred medicine. Mathematic