共 99 页
1
必修5 词汇句型复习　Unit 1　Great scientists
共 99 页
2
要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1．characteristic n．特征；特性2．conclude vt. & vi.结束；推断出→conclusion n．结论；结束3．defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n．失败4．attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加5．expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光→exposion n．暴露
共 99 页
3
6．cure n．治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗7．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenger n．挑战者8．absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心9．suspect vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯→suspicion n．怀疑→suspicious adj.有疑心的10．foresee vt.预见；预告→foretell v．预言→forecast v．预报
共 99 页
4
11．blame vt.责备；谴责 n．过失；责备12．pollute vt.污染；弄脏→pollution n．污染13．handle n．柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵14．link vt. & n．连接；联系15．announce vt.宣布；通告→announcement n．通知；宣告16．instruct vt.命令；指示；教导→instruction n．教授；传授→instructions n．指示，说明
共 99 页
5
17．construct vt.建设；修建→construction n．建设；建筑物18．contribute vt. & vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution n．贡献19．spin vi. & vt.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)20．reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejection n．拒绝；抛弃
共 99 页
6
●重点短语
1．put forward 提出2．draw a conclusion 得出结论3．expose...to 使显露；暴露4．link...to... 将……和……联系或连接起来5．apart from 除……之外；此外
共 99 页
7
6．make sense 讲得通；有意义7．look into 调查；研究8．at times 有时9．be against 反对10．(be) strict with 对……严格的11．be to blame 应受责备12．with certainty 肯定地
共 99 页
8
考 点 探 究 互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．conclude vt.　断定，推断出；作出结论(不用于进行时)conclusion n．　结论，推论conclusive adj.　结论性的conclude...by/with...以……结束conclude to do sth. 决定做某事
共 99 页
9
conclude...from...从……中推断to conclude (做插入语)最后(一句话)in conclusion 最后，总之bring...to a conclusion 使……结束make a conclusion 下结论arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论，告一段落
共 99 页
10
[即学即练1](1)He _____________ his speech with a joke.他以一个笑话结束了他的演讲。(2)The meeting ____________ at nine o‘clock.会议9点钟结束了。(3)The police ____________ that he must be the murderer.警察断定他一定是杀人凶手。
concluded
concluded
concluded
共 99 页
11
(4)____________， wish all of you good health and a long life.最后祝大家健康长寿。(5)____________， I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today.最后我想感谢今天参加会议的所有人。
To conclude
In conclusion
共 99 页
12
2．attend vt.&vi. 出席；参加；照料，护理attendance n. 出席，到场，参加attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/听报告/上学attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理，注意，专心于，照料
共 99 页
13
[即学即练2](1)He didn‘t __________________ yesterday.他昨天没有参加会议。(2)He was very tired after the long run, and expected somebody ______________ him.长跑之后他感到非常疲劳，很想有个人来照顾自己一下。(3)Business has to __________________. 生意是必须要料理的。 (4)__________your studies. 专心你的学习。
attend the meeting
to attend on
be attended to
Attend to
共 99 页
14
3．expose vt. 暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临exposure n. 暴露，显露；揭露，揭发expose sth./sb./oneself (to...)显露或暴露某事物/某人/自己(给……)be exposed to 暴露于……
共 99 页
15
[即学即练3](1)My job as a journalist is to _______________.我作为记者的职责就是揭露事实。(2)Don‘t ______ babies ______ strong sunlight.不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。(3)It’s very dangerous to _______________ these viruses without any protection.不加任何保护，直接暴露在这些病毒下是非常危险的。
expose the truth
expose
to
be exposed to
共 99 页
16
4．cure n. 治愈；痊愈　vt. 治愈；治疗curable adj. 可治愈的a cure for... 针对……的治疗cure sb. of sth. 消除某人……；治愈某人……
共 99 页
17
[即学即练4](1)The doctor can't ______ her ______ the cancer.医生治不好她的癌症。(2)Nothing can ______ you ______ your bad habits.没有什么能去掉你的坏习惯。(3)This is ___________________ SARS.这是一种新的SARS治疗方法。
cure
of
cure
of
a new cure for
共 99 页
18
拓展：vt.＋sb. ＋of sth.结构的短语还有：remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人(做)某事rob sb. of sth.抢了某人某物inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事
共 99 页
19
5．absorb vt.吸收，吸进(液体、气体等)；理解，获取(信息)；吸引住某人的注意力或兴趣absorb water/light/heat (＝take in) 吸收水/光/热absorb what sb. said 理解某人所说的话absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意力be absorbed in... 全神贯注于……
共 99 页
20
[即学即练5](1)Black cloth __________ light.黑色布料吸收光线。(2)Did you ______ everything the professor said?教授说的你全部理解了吗？(3)He ________________ deep thought.他陷入沉思。
absorbs
absorb
was absorbed in
共 99 页
21
6．suspect vt.怀疑；不信任n．嫌疑犯；可疑对象suspect sth.怀疑某事suspect thatclause怀疑……suspect sb. of(doing) sth.怀疑某人有某种罪行或做过某事suspect sb. to be...猜想某人是……
共 99 页
22
[即学即练6](1)I began to _________ (that) they were trying to get rid of me.我开始怀疑他们试图摆脱我。(2)They ______ him ______ murder.他们怀疑他犯有谋杀罪。(3)What made you _________ her ______ having taken the money？你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？(4)The police arrested the _________ yesterday.警方昨天逮捕了那个嫌疑犯。
suspect
suspect
of
suspect
of
suspect
共 99 页
23
7．blame n．&vt.责备；责任blame sb. for sth./doing sth.因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for)应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
共 99 页
24
[即学即练7](1)He _________ me ______ my carelessness.他责备我的疏忽大意。(2)Mr Li is not __________________ the accident.这次事故不能怨李先生。(3)Where does __________________ our failure lie?我们失败的症结在哪里？
blamed
for
to blame for
the blame for
共 99 页
25
8．contribute vt.&vi.作贡献，捐献；投(稿)contribution n. 贡献，捐献，投稿contributor n. 捐助者；投稿人contribute to sth. 增加，增添；促成某事contribute sth. to/towards 给……捐献/捐赠contribute (sth.) to sth. 撰稿；投稿make a contribution to...为……作贡献
共 99 页
26
[即学即练8](1)We should __________ food and clothing ______ the relief of the poor.我们应该捐赠食品和衣物救济贫民。(2)Drink _______________ his ruin.酗酒促使他毁灭。(3)The Song Dynasty _____________ three great inventions ______ world civilization.宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。(4)He ___________ an article ______ China Daily.他为《中国日报》撰写了一篇文章。
contribute
for
contributed to
contributed
to
contributed
to
共 99 页
27
9．reject vt.抛开；丢掉；拒绝，抵制n．被拒绝或抛弃的人或物
共 99 页
28
[即学即练9](1)My cousin tried to join the army but ____________.我堂兄试图参军，但没有被接受。(2)After the transplant his body __________ the new heart.在移植手术后，他的身体对移植的心脏产生排斥反应。(3)I __________ the rotten oranges.我把腐烂的橘子扔掉了。
was rejected
rejected
rejected
共 99 页
29
提示：reject与refuse的区别refuse指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式。reject不能用于拒绝别人的邀请或帮助，其后不能跟不定式。She refused (to accept) my gift.＝She rejected my gift.她拒绝接受我的礼物。
共 99 页
30
10．put forward 提出，推荐；将……提前put away/aside 放在一边；收拾起来；储存put back 放回，拨回put down 写下；镇压；放下put forth 提出；颁布put...into 把……翻译成put off 延期，推迟
共 99 页
31
put on 穿、戴上；(速度、体重)增加；上演put out 扑灭，熄灭put through 接通电话put up 举起；建造；张贴put up with 忍受，忍耐，容忍
共 99 页
32
[即学即练10](1)She often ___________ some useful advice.她常常提出一些有用的建议。(2)Can I ______ you/your name ___________ as golf club secretary？我推荐你担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书怎么样？(3)We have ______ the wedding ___________ one week.我们已将婚礼提前了一周。(4)______ your watch __________； you‘re five minutes slow.把你的表往前拨一下，你慢了5分钟。
puts forward
put
forward
put
forward by
Put
forward
共 99 页
33
11．apart from除……之外take...apart把……拆开tell...apart区分，辨别set/put apart留出
共 99 页
34
[即学即练11](1)____________ the cost, it will take a lot of time.除了花钱以外，还要花很多时间。(2)I have nothing ____________ the clothes I am wearing.除了我身上穿的衣服以外，我什么也没有。(3)The mechanics ______ the engine ______.机械师把发动机拆开了。(4)It’s almost impossible to ______ Jackie and Moira ______ since they had their hair cut.杰姬和莫伊拉把头发剪了，几乎不可能把她俩区别开来。
Apart from
apart from
took
apart
tell
apart
共 99 页
35
12．make sense 讲得通；有道理；很有意义make sense of sth. 懂；了解……的含义make no sense 讲不通；无意义in a sense 就某种意义而言；在某种意义上in no sense 决不是；决非There is no sense in doing sth. 做……没必要/道理a sense of humor/safety 幽默感/安全感common sense 常识
共 99 页
36
[即学即练12](1)What he says ____________.他说的有道理。(2)Can you ______________ this poem?你能明白这首诗的含义吗？(3)What you say is true ___________.你所说的在某种意义上是真实的。(4)That just ____________________ me.那对我毫无意义。 (5)_____________ does this excuse their actions.这决不能成为他们行为的托辞。(6)_____________________in getting upset about it now.现在为这件事苦恼是没有意义的。
makes sense
make sense of
in a sense
makes no sense to
In no sense
There is no sense
共 99 页
37
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1．So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak. 因此每次暴发(霍乱)时，就有大批惊恐的人死去。
这是由名词词组 every time 充当连词的时间状语从句，意为“每当……”，相当于 when。某些表达时间的名词词组可直接充当连词，即“名词连词化现象”。常见的有：
共 99 页
38
(1)不定代词＋time　如：any time, each time...(2)序数词＋time　如：the first/last time...(3)the＋瞬时名词　如：the minute/moment/instant(4)the＋时间名词　如：the day/night/month/time...①He brings her flowers every time he goes to see her.他每次去看她都给她带花。
共 99 页
39
②The first time he did the experiment, he succeeded.他第一次做实验就成功了。③I‘ll give him your message the minute he arrives.等他一到，我就把你的口信给他。④He bought a computer the day he got his salary.他发工资那天买了一台电脑。
共 99 页
40
[即境活用1]　The boys ran off______ they saw the owner of the orchard (果园)．A．at times　　 B．the hourC．the moment D．at once
答案：C
解析：句中 the moment 引导时间状语从句，相当于 as soon as。
共 99 页
41
2．Only_if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，放在句首时，句子要部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词 be放在主语之前。
共 99 页
42
①Only then did I realize the mistakes I had made.只有在那时我才意识到我所犯的错误。②Only in this way can you make progress.只有以这种方式你才能取得进步。③Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to get back home.只有在1949年战争结束时他才能回家。
共 99 页
43
拓展：if only要是……该多好，但愿。if only从句可单独使用，这时要用虚拟语气：表示与过去相反的愿望用 had done；与现在相反的愿望用 did/were；表示与将来相反的愿望用 “would/could/might＋动词原形”。①If only I had gone to Beijing.我要是去了北京就好了。②If only he could come tomorrow.他要是明天能来就好了。
共 99 页
44
[即境活用2]　______both sides accept the agreement will a lasting peace be established in this region.A．Only if B．UnlessC．If only D．As long as
答案：A
解析：主句中用了“will＋主语＋be”倒装结构，故选 Only if。
共 99 页
45
易 错 点 拨 自我完善·误区备考
1. defeat/beat/win这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但其用法不尽相同。(1)defeat和beat是同义词，其宾语必须是“人或一个集体”。如a team, a class, a school, an army等。defeat侧重在战场上打败敌人，beat常用于游戏或比赛中，但在平时运用中常替换使用。(2)win表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，常带的宾语有：game, war, prize, fame, battle等。win还可作为不及物动词来用。
共 99 页
46
[应用1]　用defeat, beat, win填空(1)He ____________ all his opponents in the election.(2)Peasants ______ the drought and reaped a good harvest.(3)After a heart-to-heart talk, I ______ his belief at last.(4)The enemy’s plot was _________ very soon.(5)We wouldn’t have ______without your help.(6)Mary ______ first prize for swimming.
defeated/beat
beat
won
defeated
won
won
共 99 页
47
2. cure/tr