Unit 1 Great Scientists
Reading Warmming up
Prereading
Skimming
Scanning
Careful reading
summary
Archimedes
Charles Darwin
Leonardo de Vinci
Thomas Newcomen
Stephen Hawking
遗传学
电
浮力定理
镭
进化论
画家
蒸汽机
矿工安全灯
黑洞理论
地动仪
阿基米德 Archimedes
达尔文 Charles Darwin
纽可门 Thomas Newcomen
孟德尔 Gregor Mendel
居里夫人 Marie Curie
爱迪生 Thomas Edison
达芬奇 Leonardo de Vinci
汉弗来.戴维爵士Sir Humphry Davy
张衡 Zhang Heng
斯蒂芬.霍金 Stephen Hawking
Pre-reading:
Skimming::
1.What is the main idea of the text?(3m)
(who, when, where, what, why, how)
John Snow , a famous doctor, who tested the two theories, found the cause of cholera and how to control it with the help of scientific research.
Cholera:
It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death without immediate treatment.
And the victims died very quickly from a loss of liquid after severe vomiting(呕吐) and diarrhoea(腹泻).
Match the main idea of each paragraph.(4m)
Para 1
Para 2
Para 3
Para 4
Para 5
Para 6
Para 7
a famous doctor and kind to help the ordinary people with cholera
how to prevent cholera from happening
to test the two theories
the polluted source of the water was the reason.
interested in two theories
a valuable clue about the cause on a map
to announce certainly that polluted water was the real reason
Careful Reading:
(3m)
John Snow was an doctor in London who Queen Victoria as her personal . He thought about helping ordinary people to cholera. Though the cause and the of it were unknown, he wanted to face
the and solve the problem.
para.1
expert
attended
physician
exposed
cure
challenge
Scanning (fininsh ex.1on p3) 4m
Careful Reading:
(3m)
The two theories were:__________.
Which did John Snow want to prove?

What was his method of doing the research?
The second one.
To gather information in two particular streets.
para.2&3
Careful Reading:
(5m)
para.4
What did he do with the results of his enquiry?
What results did John Snow get?
Marked on a map…
It seemed that the water was to blame for cholera.
Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.
Part of Snow’s Cholera Map
Careful Reading:
(5m)
para.5 &6
1.How did John Snow prove the result he got?
2.T or F questions:
①.The woman lived in Broad Street and she had delivered Water from the pump to her house every day.
②. The deaths suggest that the water carried the virus.
Careful Reading:
(3)

para.7
1. Remove…

2. The source …

3. Water companies…
Solutions
(3)
draw a conclusion
Think of a method
Collect results
Make a question
Find a problem
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
①
③
②
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
Stages in setting out a new scientific idea:
Dicussing(2m)
Summary of the passage (4m)  (finish task II )
Language Points（思考以下单词及短语的意思和用法）
1.attend vt & vi
2.expose [iks'pəuz]
People exposed to SARS should be seperated.
① (出席；参加)
② (照顾；看护) attend on/to sb/sth
n. attendance出席，参加
attendant 服务员，侍者 attender参加者
① (揭穿) ~one’s plot
②（使暴露在危险之下）
expose sb/sth to sth
① to take in (吸收液体、气体等)
② interest sb(使全神贯注)


词组：be absorbed in被吸引，入迷
Plants absorb oxygen.
This work had absorbed him for many years.
3.absorb vt.
4. announce
宣布; 预告
The government announced its new economic
Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring.
① (治愈) ②(药，药物)
6. put forward的意思及put有关短语你知道多少？
Will you be able to cure him of his cancer, doctor?
The cure for this disease hasn’t been found yet.?
5. cure: vt./n.
put up/ down/ off/ back/ on/ up with/ into practice
7. conclusion(得出结论有几种说法)
make/draw/come to /reach/arrive at a conclusion
in conclusion/ to sum up(总之) 常用于写作结尾处。
8. make sense
有道理； 理解
Can you make sense of the passage?
Your explanation doesn’t make sense.=
Your explanation make no sense.
9. cautious常见搭配及名词
be cautious about/of… with caution
1. put forward 提出 2. draw a conclusion 得出结论 3. be/get under control 在……控制下   be/get out of control失去控制，不能操纵 4. be absorbed in 专心 5. be to blame 应该受责备（用主动形式表示被动）   blame sb. for sth. 因某事责备某人 6. in addition 也，另外，此外 7. link...to... 将…和…连接或联系起来 8. die of 因…而死亡（内因）   die from 因…而死亡（外因）
1.  John Snow was a well-known doctor in London – so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.约翰·斯诺曾经是伦敦一位著名的医生――他的确太负盛名了，所以维多利亚女皇生孩子时都是他去照料，帮助她顺利分娩。2.  But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助患病的普通老百姓，特别是那些得了霍乱的患者时，他就感到很振奋。3.  Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。4.  He knew it would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，疫情是无法控制的。
5.  He became interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.霍乱之所以能致人于死，当时有两种看法，斯诺对这两种推测都很感兴趣。6. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。7.  He believed in the second theory but needed to prove he was correct.他相信第二种说法，但是需要证明他是正确的。8.  It seemed that the water was to blame.看来要归罪于饮用水了。9.  Immediately John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.约翰·斯诺马上叫街上惊惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样水泵就用不成了。
句子翻译练习
8.被污染的水导致许多人死于霍乱。
9.感染SARS病毒的人被隔离起来。（expose…to…）
10.一座大桥连接着深圳和香港(link…to…)
11.政府应该为错误的经济政策而受到谴责（be to blame）
12.只有拆掉水泵的把手才能缓解疫情（Only when…can…）
13.哥白尼的理论正是我们的宇宙观建立的基础(on the basis of ).
14.被怀疑的那个人决心找出真正的罪犯（criminal）.(be determined to)
15.老师建议我们在上课之前先预习课文（suggest）
language points
the way of doing sth.= the way to do … “做…..的方法”

She showed us the way of cleaning it.
= She showed us the way to clean it.
她给我们示范清洗它的办法.
与way相关的短语:
by the way 顺便说
by way of … 通过……的方法
lose one’s way 迷路
no way (俚语) 没门,别想
feel one’s way 摸黑走,谨慎从事
on one’s way to…在去…的路上
in this way=by this means=with this method用这种方法
Who put forward a theory about black holes?
谁提出了“黑洞”的理论？
He puts forward several interesting plans.
他提出了几项令人感兴趣的计划。
It’s an explanation often put forward by our friend.
这是我们的朋友经常提出的解释。
put forward提出；建议；推荐
put 相关短语
put up 建立;建造 put up with… 忍受……
examine
1)检查,审查,研讨; 2)考试,考核 3)盘问
They examined our passports very carefully.
The Congress examined and approved the draft budget.
He examined the boys in English.
He was examined by the police.

examination/exam n. 考试
1）conclusion作名词，意为“结束，结论”
form one’s conclusion 得出自己的结论

make/draw a conclusion 得出结论

come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion
得出结论

bring...to a conclusion 结束(完成)

in conclusion 最后
It is premature to make that conclusion.
作出那种结论仍为时过早。

I will in conclusion say a few words about my visit to Tokyo.
最后，我对我的东京之行说几句。
2）conclude作动词，“结束；断定；决定”。
to conclude（作插入语）最后,作为总结
(= to sum up)
To conclude, I think smoking does more harm than good to us.
analyse (analyze) v分析，分解
analysis n

make an analysis of 分析
(=analyse sth)
attend v. 出席；参加；照顾；护理

attend sb. 照料、护理某人
attend sth. 参加（讲座、活动等）
attend class/ a lecture/ a meeting

attendance n
expose v.
1)expose ….to…. 把……暴露于……之下（之中）
He exposes his skin to the sun. 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下.
be exposed to(暴露)
2)揭露;揭发
He exposed their plot.他揭穿了他们的阴谋.
I threatened to expose him ( to the police).我威胁要(向警察)揭发他.
cure n.& v.治愈；痊愈治愈；治疗

可构成cure sb.of sth. 句型
control vt. 统治，控制
2）n.控制，统治，掌握
The driver __________his car and it knocked into a tree.
司机对车失去控制，车撞到树上。
The car was ___________and ran into a wall.车失去控制，撞到了墙上。
Mr Brown is ___________the shop./The shop is ___________Mr Brown.
布朗先生管理这家商店。
The money is _______________Mr Brown.钱财由布朗先生掌管。
lost control of
out of control
in control of
in the control of
under the control of
absorb vt. 吸收(光，气体，知识等)；吸引
Black cloth absorbs light.
黑布吸收光线。
固定搭配：
be absorbed in =put one’s heart into专注；聚精会神
The old man was completely absorbed in the book.
老人全神贯注地读这本书。
absorb...into...吸收
blame v.责备；指责，归咎于
blame sb for sth/doing sth 因某事
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth) 应（为...）承担责任，该（为...）受责备
accept/bear/take the blame for sth 对某事负责任
put/lay the blame (for sth) on sb 将某事归咎于某人
look into调查，了解，研究；朝……里面看
He looks into her face with great interest.
他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸。

【考点聚焦】 与one’s face/eyes等连用，表示“注视”
和look组成的其他短语

look around/round/about环顾四周　　　　look after照顾；照料
look back回头看　　　　　　　　　　　　look back to/upon/on 回顾；回想
look down upon 俯视；轻视　　　　　　　　look for 寻求；寻找
look forward to (doing) 盼望　　　　　　　　　　look on旁观
look on/upon...as把……看作　　　　　　look out往外看；注意；当心
look through透过……看；浏览　　　　　　look up抬头看；查看
slow down 放慢速度,减速

speed up 加快速度
in addition (to)此外；还 
We saw a Mickey Mouse cartoon in addition to the cowboy movie.
我们除了看西部牛仔片之外还看了一个米老鼠动画片。

【考点聚焦】 在写作文时，此结构在罗列平行观点时，类似于：what’s more；moreover。
link...to...把……与……连接；把...跟...联系起来 
Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.
指纹印把嫌疑犯与所犯罪行联系在一起。
be linked to  
【考点聚焦】 同义词组：connect...with...与……有联系
have something to do with...与……有关系
announce vt.

1）to make known publicly 发表，告知，宣布……
The news was announced to the public on TV. 这则消息经由电视向大众宣布。
2）（事情）显示……；预示

The bright flowers announced that spring was here.
鲜艳的花朵显示春天已经来到。
instruct sb…(not) to do …
吩咐/指导/命令某人(不)做某事

be instructed to do sth

instruction n 说明,须知,指令
instructor n 教练, 讲师
He instructed me to deliver it to a customer. 他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。
Those boys were instructed to
wait there. 那些男孩被通知在那等。
contribute v.
贡献，捐助，捐献；投稿
It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum.她很大方，捐助了这么大笔钱。
She asked him to contribute an article on European affairs.她约他写一篇有关欧洲情况的文稿。
contribute sth to sb/sth
捐款，捐助
We _________________the poor．
我们捐赠衣物救济贫民。

He contributed poems to the magazine．
他投诗稿给杂志。
contributed clothing to
contribute to ：为…作出贡献,为…撰稿,向…投稿,捐助,有助于,促进
Many people had cheer