Unit 1 Great Scientists
Archimedes
阿基米德
Charles Darwin
达尔文
Thomas Newcomen
纽可门
Marie Curie
居里夫人
Gregor Mendel
门德尔
Leonardo da
Vinci 达芬奇
Humphry Davy 汉弗莱 戴维
Stephen Hawking
斯帝芬 霍金
Thomas Edison
1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water
are lifted up by a force that helps them float?
B. Archimedes
C. Thomas Edison
A. Charles Darwin
2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and
plants developed as the environment changed?
A. Marie Curie
C. Charles Darwin
B. Gregor Mendel
3.Who invented the first steam engine?
A. Thomas Newcomen
C. Thomas Edison
B. Archimedes
4. Who used peas to show how physical
characteristics are passed from parents to their
children.
A. Thomas Edison
C. Archimedes
B. Gregor Mendel
5. Who discovered radium?
A. Marie Curie
C. Newton
B. Zhang Heng
6.Who invented the way of giving electricity to
everybody in large cities?
A. Stephen Hawking
C. Thomas Edison
B. Archimedes
7.Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to
improve his painting of people?
A. Gregor Mendel
C. Marie Curie
B. Leonardo da Vinci
8. Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe
underground?
A. Sir Humphry Davy
C. Faraday
B. Thomas Newcomen
9. Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people
where earthquakes happened?
A. Charles Darwin
C. Watt
B. Zhang Heng
10.Who put forward a theory about black holes?
A. Stephen Hawking
C. Copernicus
B. Archimedes
similarities
careful
hard-working
strict
positive
talented
creative
bright
strong- willed
What should scientists do to prove a new idea in scientific research?
Pre-reading
Draw a conclusion Think of a method
Collect results Make up a question
Find a problem Analyse the results
Repeat if necessary
What order would you put the seven in?
Find a problem
Make up a question
Think of a method
Collect results
Analyse the results
Repeat if necessary
Draw a conclusion
What impress you most in 2003?
infectious
What other infectious diseases do you know?
For example: When you eat some seafood……
You feel……
Maybe you have got ________.
Cholera
John Snow
John Snow defeats “King cholera”
Reading
Who defeats “King Cholera“?

How many theories did John Snow got interested in?

What happened in 1854?
Why was there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as
well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?
John Snow
Another Cholera outbreak hit London.
These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
two
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
What causes cholera?
Which theory is correct?
Gather information when another Cholera hit London in 1854.
He marked on a map where all the dead people had lived.
Looked into the source of the water.
Two other deaths.
The water is to blame. The source of all drinking water should be examined.
Nobody knew the cause of the serious disease of cholera
a strange cloud of gas attacked people.
people absorbed the disease with meals
gather information from cholera outbreak
He found the cause of cholera was the polluted water
Idea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried cholera
He defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water
John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by
________.
A. gathering information with the help of a map
B. looking into the source of the water for Broad
Street and Cambridge Street
C. separating those who suffered cholera from
those who didn’t
D. both A and B
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks:
John Snow was a well-known ____ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera ____ out, he began to gather information. He _____ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _____ of all water supply be _______ and new methods of ________ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.
doctor
19th
cause
defeat
broke
marked
pump
source
examined
dealing
(in 5 minutes)
Discussion: Discuss the following questions in groups of four.
1.
2.
3.
Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?
John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?
Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem with- out the map? Give a reason.
Two diseases, which are similar today, are SARS and AIDS because they are both very serious, have an unknown cause and public health care to solve them.
John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.
Keys
1.
2.
No. The map helped John Snow organise his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that had had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.
3.
Let’s have a competition!
Extension
Speaking activity
Discuss in groups of four, which field do you want to contribute yourself to in the future? One takes down the groupmates’ opinions, after that ,report the groupmates’ opinions to the whole class.