Grammar ＆ Writing
Look at the dialogue and find out the use of the past participle.
-- Look at the excited boy! Why
is he so happy?
-- He has got the first prize in
the contest.
-- No wonder he is excited!
过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词+过去分词)
No wonder he is excited! (predictive)
可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：
delighted, disappointed, upset,
astonished, excited, frightened,
experienced, interested, qualified,
puzzled, exhausted, satisfied
过去分词作定语：
1. 分词可以用作前置定语，此时，分词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经过去）；一种是分词表被动。
He is a retired worker.
他是一个退休工人。
This is a newly-developed device.
这是一个新开发的工具。
2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功能当于一个定语从句。
Past Participle as the Attributive
Example:
1. So many thousands of terrified
people died.
2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
他们当中有一些人, 生长在农村，从未见过火车。
用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。
The general stared at him in startled admiration.
将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。
Attention
e.g. We asked two of China’s many talented journalists to tell us more about new.
I want to write about people addicted to drugs.
When the past participle is a single word, where do you put, before the noun modified or after it? When the past participle is a phrase, where do you put?
过去分词短语用作定语时，一般皆至置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于笔语中。
There were twenty or thirty monkeys huddled along the branches as still as statues.
有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝上, 静如雕像。
Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.
卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气是装载车顶上的袋中。
Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle.
-- I hear you and James are engaged at last.
-- Yes, we are.
-- When are you getting married?
-- In the spring.
-- Oh, lovely. Where’s the wedding going to be?
Past Participle as the Predicative
Example:
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.
　Now find two more examples 　　　　　　　　in the reading passage.
He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.
Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.
1. people who are terrified
2. seats which are reserved
3. water that is polluted
4. a room that is crowded
5. a winner who is pleased
Practice 1: Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.
6. astonished children
7. a broken vase
8. a closed door
9. the tired audience
10. a trapped
animal
Practice 2: Change the following into English using “make + n.” and past participles.
make an appointment
make a gossip
make an apology
make a contest
make a choice
约会
闲言碎语
道歉
竞争
选择
crowded streets
struck speeches
inspired contestant
受到鼓舞的竞赛者
拥挤的街道
打动人的演讲
unexpected visitors
discouraged students
不速之客
感到沮丧的学生
1. He got ______ about losing the money.
2. The painter looked so ____ after
working for a whole day.
blamed
tired
3
Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.(P5)
4. Everybody was ________________
to hear the death of the famous film
star.
shocked/ depressed
3. I was ___________ with the film I saw
last night. I had expected it to be
better.
disappointed
5. Everybody is really _______ about the new Olympic stadiums.
6. His wound became _______ with a new virus.
excited
infected
Practice 2: Rewrite the following sentences with the past participle as attributive.
Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last month.
Let’s try the bookstore opened last month.

Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.
Yesterday, the President went to visit the retired workers.
Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.
Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.
Further information: Difference between the Present Participle and the Past participle
Flash
Choose appropriate verbs to complete the following sentences, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentence. (P43)
1
worry interest arrive frighten prepare continue concern
1. They were ________ to accept my idea.
2. I'll be _________ to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks.
3. The mayor said that he was
_______ about the _________ rise of
the water level in the river bed.
prepared
interested
worried
continued
4. Recently ________ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.
5. Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ with pop stars.
6. He was _________ of going alone into
the empty house.
arrived
concerned
frightened
Rewrite these sentences as one sentence using the past participle as the attribute or predicative.(P43)
2
1. I found this plate on the floor. The
plate was broken in pieces.
I found this broken plate on the floor.
2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man.
His name is Xiao Ming.
I saw a tall, dark and handsome man
called Xiao Ming.
3. I looked at that modem abstract (抽象)
painting. It was colored in yellows and
greens.
I looked at that modem abstract painting
colored in yellows and greens.
4. Yesterday I got the answer to my
question on the Internet. It was the one I expected.
Yesterday I got the expected answer to
my question on the Internet.
5. She is one of my friends. She is devoted
to my interests.
She is my friend devoted to my
interests.
6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles.
They were marked in green ink.
On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles
were labelled in green ink.
7. We saw many windows in that room.
They were all cracked.
We saw many cracked windows in
that room.
下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。
1. The speech that we listened to yesterday afternoon was very moved .
2. From the disappointing look on his face, we know that he didn’t pass the exam.
3. That must have been a terrified experience.
4. Some foreign press reports are quite confused.
moving
disappointed
terrifying
confusing
Writing task
文体分析
劝说性的书信写作目的是向某个组织或个人提出劝说性的建议的一种应用文体。先提出建议，随后给出充足的理由劝说对方接受你的建议，
劝说性的书信写作
提出的理由要合情合理，用词要恰当，既要委婉礼貌，又要有说服力。
基本结构和内容
首先点明写信的目的是提劝说性的建议，然后讲清楚建议的事项、理由、具体建议和措施，最后再一次提出希望，礼貌结束全文。
常用句型
1. I’m writing to persuade you to ...
2. First of all, I think it would be better if ...
3. Here I’d like to give my advice on ... / I would like to suggest that ...
4. If I were you, I would ...
5. Please take my advice into consideration and make a final decision.
黄金模板
Dear _____,
I’m writing to persuade you to ______.
First of all, I think it would be better if ______. Secondly, ______. Last but not least, ______.
I do hope you can take my suggestion into consideration and make a final decision.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
______
实战演练
假如你是李明，学校领导和教师因为担心同学们浏览不健康的网站，关闭了教室内电脑的网络浏览功能，你们感到很难过。请你给校长写一封信，劝说校长同意开通教室内的网络。
注意：
1. 信中要包括下表中的所有内容；
2. 词数：120左右；
3. 信的开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Headmaster,
I’m writing to persuade you to let us surf the Internet in the classroom.
...
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Ming
范文欣赏
Dear Headmaster,
I’m writing to persuade you to let us surf the Internet in the classroom. We know you’re afraid that we may be exposed to unhealthy websites. Actually every coin has two sides. We still think that surfing the Internet can bring us much more advantages.
First of all, I think it would be better if we can surf the Internet, because there is a wide range of learning resources on the Internet. We should make good use of it. Furthermore, we can broaden our horizons by reading various news online. Last but not least, as high school students, we are building up our sense of
judgment. Given chances, we are sure that we will learn how to stay away from unhealthy websites.
I do hope you can take my suggestion into consideration and make a final decision.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Ming