Unit 1
Great Scientists
Period 1 Warming up & Pre-reading
Period 2 Reading Comprehension
Period 3 Reading & Listening
Period 4 Learning about Language
Period 5 Grammar Past Participle
Period 6 Listening
Period 7 Reading and Writing
Period 1
Warming up & Pre-reading
Stephen Hawking
Steven Hawking
Alexander Bell electricity
Thomas Edison the First telephone
Wright Brothers the electric Lamp
Madame Curie black holes in Universe
Franklin Theory of Gravity
Steven Hawking the First Plane
Elbert Einstein Radium
Isaac Newton the Theory of Relativity
Quiz
Warming up
What other scientists do you know?
Archimedes
(阿基米德)
1. Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?
Ancient Greek
(287-212BC)
A mathematician
Charles Darwin
2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?
the Origin of Species
“father of modern biology”
3. Who invented the first
steam engine?
Thomas Newcomen, British (1663--1729) He improved the first steam pump built by Thomas Savery in 1698 and turned it into a steam engine for taking water out of mines in 1712. James Watt improved it still further in the 1770s.
Thomas Newcomen
4. Who used peas to show
how physical characteristics
are passed from parents to
their children?
Gregor Mendel
Leonardo da Vinci
5. Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?
Sir Humphry Davy, British (1778- 1829) He did research into different gases and discovered the medicinal value of nitrous(含氮的) oxide(氧化物) (or laughing gas) as an anaesthetic(麻醉剂). In 1815 he developed a safety lamp for miners.
Humphry Davy
6. Who invented a lamp
to keep miners safe
underground?
Zhang Heng, Chinese (78- 139). He invented the first seismograph(测震仪、地震仪) to indicate in the direction of an earthquake. It was in the shape of a cylinder(圆筒形) with eight dragonheads round the top, each with a ball in its mouth.
7. Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?
Zhang Heng
Summary
Draw a conclusion: They all
made a great contribution
made great achievements
succeeded in their scientific career
overcome many difficulties
Topic 1:
What can you learn from these scientists?
Topic 2:
What qualities should we have to be a successful man?
Discussion1:
Would he impress you most during the SARS?
Zhong Nanshan (钟南山)
infectious diseases :
They can be spread to other people.
They have an unknown cause.
They are difficult to cure.
They need public health care to solve them.
Pre-reading:
Do you know how to prove a new
idea in scientific research?
Draw a conclusion
Think of a method
Collect results
Make a question
Find a problem
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
①
③
②
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
Stages in setting out a new
scientific idea:
Discussion 2
Put them in a right order
Homework
Write a composition “ What I can learn from________”
(name of a great scientist).
2. Memorize stages in setting out a new scientific idea.
Period 2
Reading Comprehension
John Snow defeats
“King cholera”
Learning aims:
1. Understand the whole text correctly.
2. Master some words and sentences.
3. Learn from the great scientist John Snow.
Come on!
Skimming
Who was the great scientist in the passage and what was the deadly disease of its day?
John Snow

cholera
British ( 1813~ 1858)

a legendary(传奇的) figure in the history of public health, epidemiology（流行病学） and anesthesiology（麻醉学）
John Snow
Cholera is the illness caused by a bacterium called Vibria
Cholerae. It infects people’s intestines(肠), causing diarrhea
(腹泻), vomiting and leg cramps.

It begins in the stomach and a severe case can lead to death
without immediate treatment.

And the victims died very quickly from a loss of liquid after
severe vomiting(呕吐) and diarrhea(腹泻).
Cholera:
How did John Snow defeat it?
1.What happened in 1854?

2. How many people died in 10 days?

3. Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?
Cholera outbreak hit London.
500
These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
Read quickly and silently to find answers to the following 7 questions.
Scanning
4. Why couldn’t the cholera be under control at first?
5. Which theory did John Snow believe in?
Neither its cause, not its cure was understood.
People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.
6. John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by ________.
A. gathering information with the help of a map
B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street
C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didn’t
D. both A and B
7. To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?
He suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found.
He instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water any more.
Detailed reading
Scientific Report by John Snow
Nobody knew the cause of the serious disease of cholera
a cloud of dangerous gas floated until it found its victims
people absorbed the disease into their bodies with meals
Collect information from the cholera outbreak to prove which theory was correct
He found the cause of cholera was the polluted water
Idea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried cholera
He defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water
①
③
②
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
Make a conclusion
Think of a method
Collect results
Find supporting evidence
Find a problem
Analyze the results
Draw a conclusion
①
②
③
④
⑤
⑥
⑦
Finish quickly the part1 in the page3 by working together.
John Snow began to test two theories.
An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.
John Snow marked the deaths on a map.
He announced that the water carried the disease.
John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.
King Cholera was defeated.
He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.
He had the handle removed from the water pump.
2
1
4
7
3
8
5
6
Discussion 1
Period 3 Reading & Listening
relationship
attended her as her
personal physician.
Read the first paragraph aloud and
think how famous John Snow was?
Fill the blanks while listening
to the first paragraph.
John Snow was an doctor in London who ________
Queen Victoria as her personal __________. He thought about
helping ordinary people to cholera. Though the cause
and the of it were unknown, he wanted to face the _____
____________and solve the problem.
expert
attended
physician
exposed
cure
challenge
John Snow was a famous doctor in London– so expert,
Indeed, that be attended Queen Victoria as her personal
Physician.
约翰·斯诺是伦敦非常著名的医生，他的确医术精湛，
所以成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。
① expert
n.专家，能手
She is a reputable expert.
她是个有声望的专家。
He has no pretensions to being an expert on the subject.
他并不以这方面专家自居。
adj.熟练的；有专门技术或知识的
He is an expert on/at/in lung diseases.他是肺部疾病方面的专家。
He is expert at/in painting.他的专长是画画。
② attend v.
出席；参加
He decided to attend the meeting himself.
他决定亲自赴会。
照顾；看护
Doctor Smith attended her in hospital.
斯密斯医生在医院中给他治病。
attend school/church 上学/上教堂
2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there
was an outbreak.
每次霍乱疾病的爆发，就有成千上万恐惧的人死去。
一些表示时间的名词词组如the moment, the minute,
the day, the first time, the year, next time;副词immediately,
directly, instantly 等也可引导时间状语从句。
①He left Europe the year World War Ⅱbroke out.
②My sister came directly immediately(=as soon as )
she got my short message.
二战爆发那年他离开了欧洲。
我姐姐一收到我的短信就来了。
Read Para 2&3 aloud while filling the blanks.
He became interested in two theories that possibly__________
how cholera killed people. The first ___________ that cholera
______________ in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated
around until it found its_________. The second suggested that
people _______this disease into their bodies With their meals.
From the stomach the disease quickly ____________ the body
and soon the __________ person died.
explained
suggested
multiplied
victims
absorbed
attacked
affected
John Snow __________ that the second theory was correct but
he needed___________. So when another outbreak hit London
in 1854, he was ready to begin his__________. As the disease
_________ quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to
gather information. In two _____________ streets, the cholera
Outbreak was _______________ more than 500 people died in
ten days. He was ____________ to find out why.
suspected
evidence
enquiry
spread
particular
so severe that
determined
3. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into
their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。
③ absorb vt./vi 吸收；专心于
A sponge absorbs water.
海绵吸水。
The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale.
这个小姑娘正在全神贯注地阅读一篇故事。
④ suspect v. 怀疑；不相信
I suspect the truth of her statement.
我对她那番话的真实性表示怀疑。
I strongly suspect that they’re trying to get rid of me.
我强烈地感觉到他们要除掉我。
What made you suspect her of having taken the money?
你凭什么怀疑钱时她偷的？
4. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but
he needed evidence.
斯诺猜测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证明。
A map of Broad Street
What method did he use?
Broad Street
Many deaths happened here.
No death happened here.
The water from the pump was to blame.
Public house
Next, John Snow __________ the source of the water for these
two streets. He found that it came from the