人教课标
高二 必修 5 Unit 1
Grammar
Unit 1 Great scientists
The Past Participle
同学们，你们还记得在 Book 4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour 中有这样三个句子吗？
Such training was common in acting families ...
2. He grew more and more popular as his charming character ...
3. The acting is so convincing that ...
通过观察，我们不难发现第1、2句是动词-ing形式作定语，且放在被修饰的名词前面；
第3句是动词-ing形式作表语，放在be动词的后面。
今天我们要学习与动词-ing形式相对应的过去分词作定语和表语的用法。
1.作定语
2.作表语
过去分词
The______ (fall) leaves are beautiful.
They were ________ (excite).
fallen
excited
The 29th Olympic Game _______(hold ) in Beijing was successful.
held
定语
表语
定语
V-ed (动词的过去分词)，在句中可以作定语、表语。
注意过去分词做定语的位置
a closed door
a broken window
a polluted river
a lighted candle
一支点燃的蜡烛
a used stamp
一枚用过的邮票
一个醉鬼
a drunken/ drunk man
1)在句中的位置：
a.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面
the affected people

a broken heart

a lost dog

a risen sun

a broken glass
受感染的人
一颗破碎的心
丧家之犬
已升起的太阳
被打破的玻璃杯
一、 过去分词作定语
b. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。
1. people exposed to cholera
2. the book bought by Jack

3. the machines produced last year
= people who were exposed to cholera
= the book which was bought by Jack
= the machines which were produced last year
a picture painted by Leonardo da Vinci
a woman dressed in white
1) It’s a picture __________ _____ painted by Leonardo da Vinci
2) There was a woman ________ ____ dressed in white
that/which was
that/who was
Practice：仿写
T
The book which is written by Han Han is popular with students.
=The book written by Han Han is popular with students.
→ The injured boy can not take part in the sports meeting.
The boy who is injured can not take part in the sports meeting.
现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？
What’s the difference？
The water is boiling.
The dog is barking.
The dog is injured.
时间
语态
She’s drinking boiled water.
falling leaves
fallen leaves

boiling water
boiled water
a developing country
a developed country
（正在飘落的树叶）
（落叶）
（正在沸腾的）
（已经沸腾过的）
(发展中的)
（发达的）
结论：

现在分词作定语,表示动作__________, _______意义;

过去分词作定语,表示动作在谓语之前已_______,或具有________意义.
正在进行
主动
被动
完成
区别
位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完成”，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思想感情等。相当于形容词
1.They are excited.
2.He looked worried after reading the
letter.
3.When we heard of this, we were
deeply moved.
二. 过去分词作表语
系动词的分类：
“似乎类”：
“感觉类”：
“变成类”：
“仍然类”：
基本形式：
Be( am, is, are)
seem, appear, look
feel, sound, smell, taste
become, go, get, grow, fall, turn
remain, stay, keep
1.They were ________ to hear the _______ news.(delight)
2. The teacher announced the _______ news with an _______voice.(excite)
4.There was a _________ (surprise) look on his face.
5. The story was so________ (move) that he was _______ (move) to tears.
delighted
delighting
excited
exciting
归纳:
与感觉相关的及物动词，其过去分词含有被动含义，即“人被引起某种感觉”，多用来形容人、人的声音或者表情。而其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉”
surprised
moving
moved
V-ing 与V-ed 作表语的区别
区别
The library is closed.
The library is closed by the teacher.
V-ed作表语表主语的状态，被动语态表示被动的动作。
“ 系动词+过去分词（系表结构）
状态（系表结构）
动作(被动语态）
区别
My glasses are broken.

My glasses were broken by my little brother.
状态
动作
be+过去分词表状态时，是系表结构，而表示动作时，是被动语态，而且动作的执行者由by引出
过去分词作表语，通常表示主语的所处的状态。
people who are terrified of
2. seats which are reserved
3. water that is polluted
4. a room that is crowded
5. a winner who is pleased
Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.(P5)
2
6. astonished children
7. a broken vase
8. a closed door
9. the tired audience
10. a trapped
animal
1. He got ______________ about losing the money.
2. The painter looked so _____ after
working for a whole day.
blamed / upset
tired
3
Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative. (P5)
4. Everybody was _________________
to hear of the death of the famous film star.
shocked/ depressed
3. I was ___________ with the film I saw
last night. I had expected it to be
better.
disappointed
5. Everybody is really _______ about the new Olympic stadiums.
6. His wound became _______ with a new virus.
excited
infected
Choose appropriate verbs to complete the following sentences, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentence. (P43)
1
worry interest arrive frighten prepare continue concern
1. They were ________ to accept my idea.
2. I’ll be _________ to know how they
mad the wonderful fireworks.
3. The mayor said that he was
_______ about the _________ rise of
the water level in the river bed.
prepared
interested
worried
continued
4. Recently ________ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.
5. Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ with pop stars.
6. He was _________ of going alone into
the empty house.
arrived
concerned
frightened
Rewrite these sentences as one sentence using the past participle as the attribute or predicative.(P43)
2
1. I found this plate on the floor. The
plate was broken in pieces.
I found this broken plate on the floor.
2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man. His name is Xiao Ming.
I saw a tall, dark and handsome man named Xiao Ming.
3. I looked at that modem abstract (抽象) painting. It was colored in yellows and greens.
I looked at that modem abstract painting colored in yellows and greens.
4. Yesterday I got the answer to my question on the Internet. It was the one I expected.
Yesterday I got the expected answer to my question on the Internet.
5. She is one of my friends. She is devoted to my interests.
She is my friend devoted to my interests.
6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles. They were marked in green ink.
On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles were marked in green ink.
7. We saw many windows in that room. They were all cracked.
We saw many cracked windows in that room.
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library. （2010年课标全国卷）
to borrow B. to be borrowed
C. borrowed D. borrowing
高考链接
2. I’m calling to enquire about the
position ______ in yesterday’s China
Daily. （北京2010）
A. advertised B. to be advertised
C. advertising D. having advertised
3. A great number of students ______ said
they were forced to practise the piano.
（四川2010）
A. to question B. to be questioned
C. questioned D. questioning
4. In April, thousands of holidaymakers
remained ______ abroad due to the
volcanic ash cloud. （福建2010）
A. sticking B. stuck
C. to be stuck D. to have stuck
5. So far nobody has claimed the money
______ in the library. （湖南2010）
A. discovered B. to be discovered
C. discovering D. having discovered
6. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ______? （2009年全国卷I）
taking B. take
C. taken D. to take
7. For breakfast he only drinks juice
from fresh fruit ______ on his own
farm. （北京2009）
A. grown B. being grown
C. to be grown D. to grow
8. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain
______ until the plane has come to a
complete stop. （四川2009）
seated　　 B. seating
C. to seat　　　 D. seat
9. With the government’s aid, those
______ by the earthquake have
moved to the new settlements.
（上海2009）
A. affect B. affecting
C. affected D. were affected
10. Tom knew he would certainly get
______ if he was late home.
（2008年四川延考区）
A. shout at B. to shout at
C. shouted at D. to be shouted at
Thank you!