人教课标
高二必修 5 Unit 1
Language points
Unit 1 Great scientists
1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?
He attended Queen Victoria to ease the
birth of her babies.
Questions
3. Did people know how to cure the disease?
2. From what disease did Londoners
suffer in his age?
They exposed themselves to cholera.
No, they didn’t.
People absorbed this disease into their
bodies with their meals.
4. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?
5. How serious was the disease outbreak in London?
The cholera outbreak was so severe that
more than 500 people had died in 10 days.
Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.
6. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?
7. Why did some houses have no deaths?
These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.
It seemed the water was to blame..
8. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible
for the disease?
He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.
9. What did Dr. Snow advised the people
in Broad Street do?
10. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?
In addition, he found 2 other deaths.
11. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?
He announced that polluted water
carried the disease.
12. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies?
They were instructed not to expose
people to polluted water anymore.
练习题
attend
【匹配】 阅读下列句子，并在其后的括号中填出attend的含义。
出席，参加 b. 照顾，护理
c. 经常去，定期去
Mary invited about 30 people to her
party, but only 12 attended it. ( )
2. All the six members of my family
attend church every Sunday. ( )
a
c
3. The nurse attended the patients with
great care. ( )
4. If you go out, who will attend to the
baby? ( )
【点拨】attend常作及物动词（句1至句3），也可作不及物动词，构成attend to sb. / sth.结构，意为“处理；对付；照料；关怀”（句4）。
b
b
【拓展】attend, join, take part in都可意为“参加”，区别如下：
attend后主要接meeting, conference, school, ceremony等作宾语；join后的宾语主要是表示团体、组织(如军队、党派)、一群人、游戏等的名词，如party, army, club等；take part in后的宾语主要是某项活动，如discussion, movement, revolution, debate等。
【小试】 将下列句子翻译成汉语。
Many children in the poor village can’t
attend school although they have
reached the school age.
2. Daniel is sick now and he needs someone
to attend to him.
丹尼尔现在生病了，需要有人照顾他。
那个穷村子的许多孩子虽然到了上学的年龄但却上不了学。
e.g. 1. The wolf opened its mouth
to ______ a row of sharp
teeth.
2. Don’t ______ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.
expose
expose
expose
e.g. The police began to look into the case, but the eyewitness was afraid to _______ the murderer. Meaning?
“to make known; to tell the truth”
expose
揭发
* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a doctor. The doctor will _____ you. He will ____ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a wonderful _____ for the pain.
cure
cure
cure
cure
v. 治愈
n. 疗法
* Although the boy was beyond _____, his parents tried to ____ him of bad habits.
* The prices are going up every day, but there is no _____ for rising prices.
cure
cure
cure
不可救药
n. 对策
e.g. Clever children absorb knowledge
easily.
聪明孩子容易吸收知识。
Aspirin is quickly absorbed by /into the
body. 阿司匹林很快被身体吸收了。
The strong states often absorbed the
small states in the past.
过去大国兼并小国。
absorb 吸收; 吸引; 使专心; 合并; 吞并
He is absorbed in his business.
他专心致志的处理业务。
be absorbed in = concentrate on
表示“专心于某事”
e.g. He is absorbed in the research of
Chinese history recently.
absorb one’s attention
e.g. Chinese history absorbs his
attention recently.
be absorbed by
被……吞并；为……所吸收 
absorb … into
吞并；吸……到…… 
absorb one’s time
占用某人的时间
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
严重急性呼吸道症候群
Do you know the full name of SARS?
severe
severe用作形容词，当它的意思为“严重的；严肃的”时，和serious相近；当它的意思为“严厉的；严格的”时，与strict 相近，常用结构be severe on (upon) / with sb. 表示“对某人严厉或严格”；此外它还有“剧烈的；尖锐的；朴素的”的意思。
e.g. The drought is becoming
increasingly severe.
旱灾日趋严重。
He is severe with his children.
和对子女很严格。
You are too severe on (upon) the boy.
你对那个男孩太严厉了。
I felt a severe pain in the chest.
我感到胸口剧烈疼痛。
表示“伤势严重”要用severe, 不用serious; 但指“疾病严重”时, 两者都可与illness连接。
e.g. She received severe head injuries in the
accident.
在事故中她的头部受了重伤。
I was laid up for six weeks with a severe
/serious illness.
由于重病，我卧床六个星期。
此句不可用serious。
泵 (油泵; 气泵), 抽水机, 打气筒
pump
If have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.)
When my car was short of gas, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas.
pump
v. 打气
v. 打气
We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up.
His heart was pumping fast.
During the drought last year, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.
v. 给……打气
v. 心跳
v. 用唧筒抽(水等); 用唧筒抽吸......中的水等
酒馆
bar
旅馆;
小店
pub, public house
blame
【观察】 仔细观察下列句子并体会blame在句中的词性、含义及用法。
Many children are afraid of being
blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.
2. It’s no use blaming our defeat on the player.
3. It’s you who are to blame for the
accident.
4. You must take the blame for the
mistakes in the report.
5. The boss always puts the blame for the
failure on us.
【点拨】blame作动词，意为“责备；谴责”，可构成：blame sb. / sth. for sth.
因某事而指责某人/某事（句1）；______
_____________ 把某事归咎于某人/某事（句2）；_________________ 对某事负有责任（主动表被动）（句3）；
blame作名词，意为“过失；责备”，可构成：take the blame承担责任（句4）；put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人。
blame sth. on sb. / sth.
be to blame for sth.
【小试】 将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 那次事故怪不着孩子们。
2. 警察把那起交通事故归咎于Jack的粗心
驾驶。
The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving.
The children were not to blame for the accident.
handle
handle v.
Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.
1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the company’s accounts.
C. 管理
2. The children are so naughty that I
can’t handle them.
3. She handled a difficult argument
skillfully.
F. 控制; 管
E. 应付
4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to trust you.
5. This shop handles paper and stationery.
6. He learnt how to handle the axe.
D. 对待
B. 经销；买卖
A. 操作；运用
in addition
also
as well as
besides
used when adding another
fact to what has already
been mentioned
e.g. In addition to apples you asked for, I
bought you some oranges.
in addition
2. The two towns are linked
by a railway. v. 连接
1. A lot of links fitted together
form a chain. n.(链状物的)环, 节
3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.
link
4. 研究人员发现了吸烟和心脏病之间的关系。
Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.
1. The captain announced that the plane was going to land.
2. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.
3. The army announced a cease-fire.
announce
4. It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week.
Meaning?
* to make known publicly; to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an airport or railway station
5. The announcer announces three programs a week.
* to introduce a program on TV or radio
* train approach announcement
* He waited for the announcement
of the result of the competition.
* make an announcement
announcement
instruct
instruct 意思为“命令；指示；嘱咐；吩咐；教导（教授知识或技术）；训练”。其名词形式为instructor（教员；教练）和instruction（命令；指示；说明）。
e.g. The teacher instructed him to start early.
老师命令他早动身。
I’ve been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.
我得到指示在这儿等到讲课老师到来。
He instructs a class in history.
他教授一个班的历史。
Read the instructions on the pocket.
看一下袋子上的说明。
instruct … in…
instruct 指向一个人或一组人传授知识, 但并不清楚他们是否学到什么。
teach 是最普通的词, 可指或不指学术方面的学习; 作不及物动词时, 表示教书生涯。
tutor 指一学生与一老师的关系, 常指课外的一个教师对一个学生的补习工作。
辨析
educate指范围更广泛的学术过程, 完成比teach更大的结果。
train指使一个人或一组人在某一专门的技能或职业方面达到必要的水平, 也可指训练动物。
coach 指在普通的教育体系之外训练或培养一个人或一组人, 常为了通过某项专门的考试。
e.g. I taught history for many years.
我教历史好多年了。
Who taught you to ride a bicycle?
谁教你骑自行车的？
He instructed us in English, but some
of them made little progress.
他教我们英语，但我们有些人几乎
没有进步。
是指学术的
不是指学术的
In his spare time, he tutored me in English.
在课余时间，他教我英语。
The writer was educated at a very good school.
这位作家在一所很好的学校里受过教育。
It takes several years to train a doctor.
培养一名医生要花好几年时间。
He coached her for the English examination. 他辅导她英语考试。
根据提示将下列句子翻译成英语。
1. 如果有人该承担责任, 那就是我。(blame)

2. 不要把皮肤直接暴露在阳光下。(expose ... to)
If anyone’s to blame, it’s me.
Don’t expose your skin to sunlight directly.
3. 黑色墙壁在白天吸收大量的热。(absorb)
4. 此外, 你还可以利用业余时间学一门外语。 (in addition)
Black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day.
In addition, you can learn a foreign language in your spare time.
5. 这条丝绸之路在古代把中国和西方连接起来。 (link ... to)
6. 这种疾病就是通过咳嗽传播的。 (spread ... through)
The Silk Road linked China to the west in ancient times.
The disease is spread through coughing.
7. 他看到他父亲时很吃惊。(过去分词作表语)

8. 我每天早上吃一个煎鸡蛋。(过去分词作定语)
He was astonished to see his father.
I have a fried egg every morning.
9. 我们决定马上离开。(determine to)

10. 我无意暗示你错了。(suggest)
I don’t wish to suggest that you’re wrong.
We determined to leave at once.