高考英语语法复习之
形容词和副词
翻译下列句子，指出句中的形容词
　 1. Good news keeps pouring in.
【答案】捷报频传。句中形容词为good。
2. Thought without learning is dangerous.
【答案】思而不学则殆。句中形容词为dangerous。
一、形容词
指出下列句中的形容词，并指出其在句中的成分。
　 1. A timely snow promises a good harvest.
瑞雪兆丰年。
【答案】 timely 和good 均为定语。
2. Impossible is nothing.没有不可能。
【答案】 impossible 为表语(注意该句为倒装句)。
3. We consider the plan workable.
我们认为该计划可行。
【答案】workable为宾补。
4. The construction of the private house has been found illegal.
这座私家房子被发现为非法建筑。
【答案】 private为定语，illegal 为主补。
5. Knowing the truth, the boss stood there, speechless.
得知真相后，老板无言以对。
【答案】speechless为状语(注意形容词作状语，通常用于固定句式，该形容词并非修饰谓语动词，而是说明前面名词的性质或状态)。
写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级
原级 比较级　　最高级
well __________ __________
good __________ __________
thin __________ __________
heavy __________ __________
large __________ __________
fast __________ __________
— better — best;
— better — best;
— thinner — thinnest；
— heavier — heaviest;
— larger — largest；
— faster — fastest;
原级 比较级　　 最高级
difficult ____________ _______________
complicated ____________ _______________
more difficult most difficult；
more complicated most complicated
改正下列句中的错误
　 1. I have to stay at home to look after my ill mother, who caught a bad cold the other day.
【答案】 ill改为sick。ill表示“生病的”意思时，只用作表语形容词，不能作定语。ill后接名词，表达“邪恶的，品德败坏的”意思。my ill mother意为“品德败坏的母亲”。
2. The number of the present students is half of the total.That's to say, half of them are absent.
【答案】present放students后。意为“出席的/到场的”。
通常只用作表语，不能作定语的形容词叫表语形容词，少数表语形容词作定语只能作后置定语。这类词以a开头的较多。如：alike，asleep, awake，afraid。
找出下列一组词中词性不同的一个单词
A. hurriedly B. repeatedly C. naturally
D. absolutely E. friendly F. obviously
【答案】E
翻译下列句子
1. James is not so much a writer as a reporter.
2. James is more a writer than a reporter.
3. Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day?
4. It is stupid of him to refuse the invitation.
5. This book is no more expensive than that one.
6. This book is not more expensive than that one.
7. He is obviously senior /junior to me.
8. Jack is not as /so tall as Mike.
9. You could give her no greater pleasure.
10. He is too young to dress himself.
11. The citizens are to eager to know the result of this investigation.
12. As I spoke to him, he became less and less angry.
13. She plays better than (she did) last year.
14. This dress is twice as expensive as that one.
【点拨】
1．与其说James是作家，不如说是记者。
2．与其说James是记者，不如说是作家。
3．在国庆节前完成这一设计有必要吗？
4．他真傻，竟然拒绝了邀请。
5．这本书跟那本书都不贵。
6．这本书没有那本书贵。(隐含的意思是两本书都贵)
7．他明显比我大/小。
8．杰克没有迈克那么高。
9．你使她再满意不过了。
10．他还小，还不能自己穿衣服。
11．市民急于知道此次调查的结果。
12．我跟他说着话，他越来越不生气了。
13．她比去年弹得好。
14．这件连衣裙比那件连衣裙贵一倍。
翻译下列句子，指出画线部分单词的词性和句子成分
　 1. The sun rises red.

　 2. All men are created free_and_equal.
太阳升起红艳艳。red形容词，作状语。

人人生而自由平等。free and equal形容词，作状语。
3. The helpless mother stood there, unable to say anything.
　

4. I went back home, tired_and_hungry.
那位无助的母亲站在那儿，说不出话来。unable形容词，作状语。

我回到家里又累又饿。tired and hungry形容词，作状语。
5. Because of the harsh weather, many people in this area die young.

　
6. The she­goat rolled over, dead.
因为恶劣天气，这个地区的人夭折的很多。young形容词，作状语。

那只母山羊翻了个身，死了。dead形容词，作状语。
观察下列复合形容词构成特点，将其填写在后面的横线上并写出其汉语意思
1. world­famous ____________　____________
　2. peace­loving ____________　____________
　3. heart­broken ____________　____________
　4. middle­aged ____________　____________
5. long­distance ____________　____________
　6. dark­blue ____________　____________
名词＋形容词；世界文明的　
名词＋现在分词；热爱和平的　
名词＋过去分词；伤心的　
形容词＋名词＋ed；中年的　
形容词＋名词；长途的　
形容词＋形容词；深蓝色的
7. new­born ____________　____________
8. newly­built ____________　____________
9. hard­working ____________　____________
10. dog­eared ____________　____________
11. well­known ____________　____________
12. first­class ____________　____________
13. ten­year­old ____________　____________
14. five­story ____________　____________
15. three­legged ____________　____________
形容词＋过去分词；新出生的　
副词＋过去分词；新建的　
副词＋动词­ing；勤劳的　
名词＋名词＋ed；卷了角的　
副词＋过去分词；著名的　
数词＋名词；头等的　
数词＋名词＋形容词；10岁大的
数词＋名词；5层楼的　
数词＋名词＋ed; 3只腿的
16. indoor ____________　____________
17. out­of­class ____________　____________
18. would­be ____________　____________
介词＋名词；室内的
副词＋介词＋名词；课外的
情态动词＋动词原形；将来的

观察句子中的修饰词，注意其类别及其出现顺序
This a pretty small round old brown Chinese wooden writing desk.
【答案】修饰词顺序及类别分别为：a(前位限定词)→ pretty(表评价性观点的形容词) →small (表大小的形容词)→round(表形状的形容词) →old(表新旧或年龄的形容词)→ brown(表颜色的形容词)→ Chinese(表产地或籍贯出处的形容词)→ wooden(表材料或质地的形容词)→ writing(表用途的形容词)desk(中心词/被修饰词)
二、副词
翻译下列句子，指出画线部分单词的词性
　1. When the lights are on,_the city looks marvellous.
　
2. Though frequently beaten by his opponent, he didn't lose heart.
当灯亮时，这座城市看起来漂亮极了。on，副词。


虽常被对手打败，但他不泄气。frequently，副词。
3. He is pretty clever when it comes to repairs.
　
4. Obviously,_the murderer had a good knowledge of the crime situation.
说到修理，他在这方面非常聪明。pretty，副词。
显然，凶手对作案环境非常熟悉。obviously，副词。
翻译下列句子，指出画线副词的类别
　 1. What is impossible today may be possible tomorrow.
　

2. Going abroad to make further study is my little brother's dream.
今天不可能的事情明天可能变得可能。today, tomorrow: 时间副词。


出国深造是我弟弟的梦想。abroad：地点副词。
3. I had to shut myself at home because it rained heavily.
4. Such phenomena occasionally happen in this area.
　

5. You are perfectly good at playing Chinese chess while he is an expert on magic cubic.
因下大雨我只好闭门不出。heavily：方式副词。

这些现象偶尔发生在这个地区。occasionally：频度副词。


中国象棋你下得很好而他玩魔方很内行。perfectly：程度副词。
6. Most participants are for the plan. However,_there are some objections.
　

7. Put away the tools in the place where they are easy to reach.
　
8. When was Shakespeare born?
大多数与会者同意这项计划。但是，还有一些反对意见。however：连接副词。


把工具放在容易拿得到的地方。where：关系副词。

莎士比亚什么时候出生的？when：疑问副词。
翻译下列句子，指出画线副词在句中的成分
　 1. It is more likely for those who work hard to achieve their goals.
　
2. People here tend to think hot food unhealthy.
勤奋的人实现目标的可能性更大。hard在句中作状语。

这儿的人倾向于认为辣的食物不健康。here在句中作定语。
3. Hold on, please! The manager isn't up yet.
　
4. Please keep your handbag outside.
　
5. Generally,_when heated, metals expand.
请稍候，经理还没起床。up在句中作表语。

提包请勿入内。outside在句中作宾补。

通常来说，金属受热膨胀。generally作插入语。
翻译下列句子，指出副词的位置
　 1. I am also fond of stamp collecting.
　
2. If you often feel tired after breakfast, you'd better go to see a doctor.
我也喜欢集邮。副词also放连系动词be后。
假如早餐后你经常觉得累，最好去看看医生。 频度副词often放半系动词前。
3. Who can also show me the right way of switching off the computer?
　

4. We have also known that GOME is struggling against its trouble.
还有谁也能向我演示一下关电脑的正确方法？副 词also放情态动词后。
我们也知道国美正在竭力摆脱困境。 副词also放助动词后。
5. My teacher has often been faced with such an embarrassing thing.
　


6. It's rather difficult to tell who is right.
我的老师经常遇到这样尴尬的事情。 同时出现助动词be和其他助动词， 频度副词often放助动词has和助动词be中间。

很难说谁是对的。副词放形容词前。程度副词rather放被修饰词前。
7. Never have I felt so excited!
　

8. We can discuss questions freely in class.
　

9. Even a small child knows dogs like bones.
我从来没有觉得如此激动！否定副词放句首，句子部分倒装。

我们可以在课堂上自由地讨论问题。方式副词freely放动词(动宾结构)后。

甚至小孩都知道狗喜欢骨头。 副词even放名词前。
10. Who came here yesterday?
昨天谁来过这里？同时出现地点，时间副词，地点副词(here)放时间副词(yesterday)前。
写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式
原级　比较级 　最高级
1. fast __________ __________
2. well __________ __________
3. early __________ __________
4. slowly __________ __________
5. Carefully __________ __________
faster fastest
better best
earlier earliest
more slowly most slowly
more carefully most carefully
写出下列形容词的副词形式，注意其变化规律
extreme, absolute, true, whole, comfortable, wonderful, musical，straight，wide，friendly
【答案】extremely, absolutely, truly, wholly, comfortably, wonderfully, musically，straight，wide/widely, in a friendly way