11《谓语动词用法与考点预测》
一、非谓语动词用法
１、非谓语动词的种类：
不定式（to do）、 动名词（ doing）、
现在分词（doing）、 过去分词（V-ed）
２、非谓语动词的功能：
1.不定式相当于名词、形容词或副词的功能。
2.动名词相当于名词或形容词的功能。
3.现在分词相当于形容词或副词的功能。
4.过去分词相当于形容词或副词的功能。
３、非谓语动词在句中所作的成分
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４、非谓语动词用做定语
1.Please give him something .
A.eaten B. eating C. to eat D. to be eaten
2.I need a pen .
A. written B. to write C. to write with D. writing with
3.The room the sea is my grandpa’s
A. faced B. facing C.to face D.faces
4. The woman the clothes over there is my aunt.
A. washed B. being washed C. To wash D. washing
C
C
B
D
5.The bridge, in 1950,broke down in the flood.
A.built B.had built C. building D. to be built
6.Things are mighter(强大的)than things .
A. seen; hearing B.seeing;heard C. to see; to hear D.seen;heard
Translate the following sentences:
1.将要到站的火车是从伦敦来的。

2.今天晚上我还有一些家务要做。

3.没有什么值得担心的。
A
D
The train to arrive is from London.
I have some housework to do tonight.
There is nothing to worry about.
4.通向我家乡的那条路非常的窄。

5.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的同桌。

6.昨晚被警察抓住的那个小偷被投进了监狱。
The road leading to my hometown is very narrow.
The boy playing football on the playground is my deskmate.
The thief caught by the police last night was put into prison.
Compare the phrases or sentences below：
1. The rising sun The risen sun
2. The man invited to the party is my boss.
The man inviting many guests is my boss
3. Do you want to see the doctor working on the case
report in the office.
Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from
Beijing
4.I’m going to buy some picture-books for the children to read
I have some clothes to wash .
I have some clothes to be washed.
5.He rushed into the burning house.
The child standing over there is my brother.
6.The problem being discussed now has something important
todo with our daily life.
The problem discussed yesterday has something important
to do with our daily life.
Premier Zhou is a leader loved by the people.
Summarize the usages of nonfinite verbs:
1.位置关系：
1）.动词不定式做定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。
2）.分词做定语有时放在被修饰词后，有时可以放在其前面
2. 与被修饰词的关系：
1）不定式与被修饰词可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾关系。
2）V-ing 与被修饰词是主动关系
3）过去分词与被修饰词是被动关系
3.动作发生的时间关系：
1）不定式可以表示发生在主句谓语动词动作之后的动作。
2）现在分词可以表示与谓语动词动作同时发生或正在发生的动作。
3）过去分词可以表示在谓语动词动作之前的动作或永久性的动作。
Do some excises below:
1.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role in making the earth a better place to live.
A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing
2.—Where should I send my form? -- The personal office is the place .
A.for sending it B. to send it to C. to send D. to send it
3.There was a noise the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
B
B
B
Translate some sentences:
1.由于赢得了奖学金，马丁.路德金取得了一次上大学的机会

2.参观里约热内卢的最好时间是在六月和七月。

3.在那边弹钢琴的那个人是我们的音乐老师。
Winning a scholarship, Martin Lurther King got a chance to go to college.
The best time to visit Rio de Janeiro is in June and July
The man playing the piano there is our music teacher.
=The man who is playing the piano there is our music
teacher
５、非谓语动词用做状语：
1.He woke up only to find himself lying on a bed in a hospital.
2.为了在期末考试里取得好成绩，你必须努力学习。
3.There is something for everyone here and few visitors leave Rio
feeling dispointed
4. Given more attention, the trees would grow better.
5.做完他的家庭作业，他去打篮球了。
6..Not having received his reply, he decided to write again
Compare the following sentences:
1.We are glad to hear the news.
2.His family was too poor to support him.
3.They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.
4.They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.
5.Seeing from the top of the hill,you can find the city more beautiful.
6.Seen from the top of the hil ,the city is more beautiful.
7.Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow.
8.Time permitting, we will go there.
Summarize the usages of nonfinite verbs:
1.动词不定式做状语，可以表示目的、 。其做结果
和原因状语时，常置于句子的 ；做目的状语时常置
于 ,也可以置于 。
2.分词做状语常置于句首，可以用来表示 等。
如果状语所表示的动作和主句谓语动作有先后，应该采用完
成式。
3.不定式和分词做状语都与主句的主语有逻辑上的主谓或动宾
关系。而独立主格结构则有自己的逻辑主语。
4.分词或分词短语做状语可以与 相互转换。
结果和原因
后部
句中
原因、条件、伴随
状语从句
句首
Complete the excises below:
1.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only the film stars
had left.
A. To tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
2.Can’t you read? Mary said to the notice
A.angrily pointing B. and point angrily
C. to point D.and angrily pointly
B
A
Translate the following sentences:
1.为了减肥，她每天只吃一些水果。

2.因为病了，他没有来上学。

3.不知道如何去做这事，我向我的老师寻求帮助。

4.被父亲打了一顿，那个小男孩不敢出门。
In order to lose weight, he just eats some fruits every day.
Being ill, he didn’t come to school.
Not knowning how to to it, I asked for help from my teacher.
Beaten by his father, the boy dared not go out.
解题方法总结
解答考查非谓语动词的题目时，一定要保持头脑冷静。要遵循以下解题思路：
①解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；
②找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；
③搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；
④将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺、或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。
二、非谓语动词考点预测
非谓语动词的句法作用及高考热点
1.考查动名词作某些及物动词宾语的固定搭配。
1. (2007 江苏卷)—Can I smoke here?
—Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here.
A. people smoking B. people smoke
C. to smoke D. smoking
2. (2007 辽宁卷)You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ___
home in the snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
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常用能接动名词的动词：admit, appreciate, avoid, advise,
can’t help, celebrate, consider, complete, delay, deny, dislike,
enjoy, escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, imagine, keep,
mention, mind, miss, pardon, permit, practice, prevent, resist,
risk, stop, suggest, understand, allow等。
（二）考查动词不定式、动名词作宾语的用法。
2.考查动名词作短语动词和介词宾语的固定搭配。
(2008江苏卷)—They are quiet, aren’t they?
—Yes. They are accustomed ______ at meals.
A. to talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking
2. (2006重庆卷)Isn’t it time you got down to ____ the papers.  A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking
3. (2006江西/改错)I'm looking forward to hear from you soon.
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1. 常见的短语动词有：leave off, put off, give up, can't help,
can’t stand, feel like, insist on, think of, dream of, be fond of,
prevent…(from), keep…from, stop…(from), protect…from, set
about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in 等。
2. 下列短语中的to 为介词，后面只能接动名词或名词：look
forward to, be familiar to, owe…to, put one’s mind to, turn to,
get down to, attribute…to, live up to, in relation to, admit to, be
devoted to, owing to, thanks to, object to, be accustomed to等。
hearing
3.考查不定式作某些及物动词宾语的固定搭配。
(2005天津卷) I don’t want _________like I’m speaking ill of
anybody, but the manager' s plan is unfair. A. to sound      B. to be sounded  
C. sounding       D. to have sounded
2. (2006北京卷) I can’t stand _________ with Jane in the same
office. She just refuses _______ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop
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常见的能接不定式作宾语的及物动词有：afford, agree, ask,
arrange, attempt, beg, begin, choose, claim, determine, decide，
dare, desire, demand, expect, fail, forget, hate, hope, manage,
intend, learn, help，like, long, mean, need, offer, plan, prefer,
prepare, seek, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, seem, tend,
threaten, volunteer, want, wish等。
4.考查某些动名词和不定式作宾语意义的差别。
1. (2007 安徽卷)—Robert is indeed a wise man.
—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice!
A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking
2. (2006湖南卷)If you think that treating a woman well means
always _____ her permission for things, think again. A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting
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接不定式或动名词意义有差别的动词：
1.forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做);
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做)
2. remember to do sth.记着去做某事(未做);
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
3. stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事; stop doing sth.停止做正在做的某事
4. regret to do sth.对尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遗憾;
regret doing sth.对已做的事情表示后悔
5. try to do sth努力去做某事; try doing sth.做某事试一试
6. mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事; mean doing sth.意味着做某事
1. (2008上海卷) If there’s a lot of work ______, I am happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing
2. (2007 全国卷I)—The last one ________ pays the meal.
—Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
真题再现
知识链接
（三）考查不定式,现在分词,过去分词作定语的用法。
1.考查不定式作定语的用法
不定式作定语,不定式与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生。当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式一般用被动语态，但to blame的主动形式表示被动意义。
2.考查现在分词作定语的用法
1.(2006上海春) There are hundreds of visitor _______ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh's paintings. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait2. (2006辽宁卷)I was told that there were about 50 foreign students
_____Chinese in the school, most _______were from Germany.
A. study; of whom B. study; of them
C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom
真题再现
知识链接
现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。被修饰的名词就是该现在分词的逻辑主语，逻辑主语是现在分词表示的动作的执行者。单个现在分词作定语前置，现在分词短语作定语后置。
3.考查过去分词作定语的用法
真题再现
知识链接
过去分词作定语，表示完成或被动的动作,与被修饰名词为被动关系。被修饰名词是动词的宾语。过去分词做定语相当于一个含被动语态的定语从句。单个词放在所修饰词前，短语放在所修饰词后。
1. (2008上海卷) Throughout history, the language _____ by a powerful group spreads across a civilization
A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken
2. (2008浙江卷)It is one of the funniest things _______ on the Internet so far this year.
A. finding B. being found C. to find