高考复习：定语从句
附高考真题
1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?
2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan.
3) He told me the date when he joined the League.
4) The place where he lives is far away from here.
总结句型：
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
1) Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?
2) The girl that/who/whom we were talking about is Joan.
3) Did you see the pen that/which I lost yesterday?
关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词。

分为
关系代词
关系副词
Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?
The place where he lives is far away from here.
1.引导定语从句。
2.代替先行词。
3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
关系词的3个作用：
Do you know the man who/that is standing over there?

2) The girl (that/who/whom) we were talking about is Joan.

3) Did you see the pen (that/which) I lost yesterday?

4) He told me the date when/on which he joined the League.
5) The place where/in which he lives is far away from here.
分析关系词在定语从句中的作用
指人 作主语
指人 作宾语（可省）
指物 作宾语（可省）
指时间 作状语
指地点 作状语
6) Can you tell me the reason why/for which you are late?

7) Who is the person whose handwriting is the best?
指原因 作状语
指人 作定语
主语
宾语
定语
that/who
that/who(m)
whose
that/which
关系代词的用法小结
whose
指人的关系代词
指物的关系代词
主语
宾语
定语
that/which
关系副词的用法小结
when
where
why
表示地点，在从句中作地点状语
表示原因，在从句中作原因状语
表示时间，在从句中作时间状语
1. 是吗？
2.人/物？

3. 缺吗？
定语从句三步法：
1.Do you still remember the farm ____________ we visited three months ago?

2. Do you still remember the farm ______ we lived for three month?
(that/which)
where
3. Do you still remember the day ___________ we spend together?

4. Do you still remember the day _____ we studied together?
(that/which)
when
高考题

基础篇
1. (2013·山东高考)Finally he reached a lonely island_____was completely cut off from the outside world.
when　　　B. where　　　
C. which　　　D. whom

【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意: 最后他到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的孤岛。island后面是一个定语从句, 修饰island, 并且从句中缺少主语, 同时指物, 所以选C。而A项when及B项where在定语从句中分别作时间及地点状语; D项whom只能指人, 在定语从句中作宾语。
2. (2013·湖南高考)Happiness and success often come to those　　are good at recognizing their own strengths.

whom　　B. who　　C. what　　D. Which

【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意: 幸福与成功通常降临于那些擅长于认识到自己的长处的人。who在句中引导定语从句, 且在从句中作主语, 符合题目结构。whom引导定语从句也修饰人, 但是在从句中作宾语或用于介词+whom结构中。
3. (2013·福建高考)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those　　　　lives were affected.
whose　　B. that　　C. who　　D. Which

【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意: 这本书通过那些生命受到影响的人的见证讲述了地震的故事。由句式结构可知those后为定语从句, 先行词是those, 空格处在从句中作lives的定语, 故用关系词whose。
（2014湖南卷）4.I am looking forward to the day ___ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.    

A. as  B. why 
C. when     D. where
C
5. (2012·浙江高考)We live in an age　　　more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
why　　　 B. when　　　
C. to whom　　　D. on which

【解析】选B。考查关系副词when引导的定语从句。句意: 我们生活在一个信息比以前更容易获得的时代。when引导定语从句在从句中作时间状语, 修饰先行词an age(时代), 此处的when=in which。故选B。
（2014山东卷）6. A company ______profits from home markets 
are declining may seek opportunities abroad.    

A. which      B. whose      C. who      D. why
B
This is the machine on _____ she spent 1000 dollars.
Xiao Wang ,with _____ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.
which
whom
用适当的关系词填空：
1）、看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；
- What were the things _______ which he was not so sure?
- This is the camera _____ which I spent 6 yuan.

2）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配；
--- The speed ____ which you drive your car mustn’t be too high.
介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句中, 介词如何选择?
about
at
on
3）、可以通过句子的整体含义,结合生活实际来判断。
China has many rivers, ________ which the Yangtze River is the longest.
of/among
He made a hole in the wall, ______ which he could see what was going on outside the house.
through
(2010上海，38）Wind power is an ancient source of energy ____ we may return in the near future.

A. on which B. by which
C. to which D. from which
C
A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” 

A. that   B. which 
C. where  D. what
C
限制性定语从句之特殊情况

只用that, 不用which
只用as
只用where的抽象地点名词
way 引导定语从句的用法

参照P20
-“坑”
高考题

“坑”你没商量篇
（2014陕西卷）1. Please send us all the information ______ you 
have about the candidate for the position.    

A. that           B. which           C. as      D. what
A
（2014重庆卷 ）2.We'll reach the sales targets in a month ____we 
set at at the beginning of the year.   

A. which  B.where  
C. when       D.what
A
3. (2013·江西高考)He wrote a letter　　　he explained what had happened in the accident.

A. what B. which C. where D. how
C
（2014江苏卷）4. The book has helped me greatly in my daily 
communication, especially at work_____  a good 
impression is a must.  

 A. which    B. when    C. as    D. where

在日常交流中这本书书帮助了很多，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。
D
4. (2012·重庆高考)Sales director is a position____communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
which　　　B. that　　　
C. when　　　 D. where
【解析】选D。考查关系副词where引导的定语从句。句意: 销售总监是一个交际能力和销售能力同等重要的职位。“position”为先行词, 后面是其定语从句, 关系词在从句中作的是地点状语, 因此, 应该使用关系副词“where”来引导定语从句。因此, 正确答案为D选项。
5. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. （湖北）
A. the way B. in the way that
C. in the way D. the way which
A
1. David is such a good boy _________ all the 
teachers like. 
A. that  B. who  C. as  D. whom

2. David is such a good boy _________ all the 
teachers like him. 
A. that  B. who  C. as  D. whom

3. It was not such a good dinner _________ she 
had promised us. 
A. like  B. that  C. which    D. as
C
A
D
We showed great pity to the poor old man, for　　　life was hard in the past.
whom　　　B. whose　　　
C. who　　　 D. that

【解析】选A。考查定语从句。介词+关系代词, for whom = for the poor old man。
非限制性定语从句
有“，”
不用that
which可代指整个主句
(2012 陕西卷)
It is the third time that she has won the race, 
which has surprised us all.
在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换，也不能省略。 

Do you know Tom, whom we talked about? 
你认识汤姆吗? 我们谈到过他。 

This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will 
give you all the information you need. 
这本书会给你提供所有你需要的资料，它在任何一家书店都能买到。
高考题

基础篇
【2014·北京卷】1. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,  ____  my classmates recommended 
to me.

 A. who      B. which        C. when        D. Where
B
2. (2012·北京高考)
When deeply absorbed in work, 　　　he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
that　　　 B. which　　　
C. where　　　D. when

【解析】选B。考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。句意: 每当他沉迷于工作中, 就会废寝忘食, 而他常常如此。which在从句中作表语, 代指上面的情况, 故选B。
3. (2012·浙江高考)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, 　　　, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
which　　　B. who　　　
C. where　　 D. whom

【解析】选B。考查who引导的非限制性定语从句。句意: 埃伦是一位画鸟和自然的画家, 由于某种原因, 已经过起了遁世生活。who引导非限制性定语从句, who在从句中作主语, 修饰先行词Ellen(人名)。故选B。
非限制性定语从句中的AS
He opposed the idea, as could be expected. 
As we all know, he studies very hard. 

Taiwan is, as you know, an inseparable part of 
China.

与which 的区别？
1、which 引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。The decision was right, which was exactly what he wanted.
2、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。
The football match, which I watched yesterday, is very interesting.
3、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句的谓语为实义动词时。
That things improved, which astonished me.
4、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容从句为否定式或带否定前缀的形容词。
He was married again, which was unexpected.
：
as is well known/ is known to all
as has been said before
as has been already pointed out
as we all can see
as is expected/ hoped/ supposed,.
as is often the case
……
as引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有
众所周知
如前所述
正如已经指出的
正如我们所看到的
正如所盼望的/
希望的/料想的
情况常常如此
The Beatles, ____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. (2006 天津)   

A. what  B. that 
C. how  D. as
D
_____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.      A. It                       B. As      
C. That                  D. What 

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.     
A. It                       B. As      
C. That                    D. What
B
D
名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whom知多少?
1.The committee consists of 20 members and5 of them are women.
2.The book contains 50 poems, and most of them were written in 1930s.
3.I have a sentence ,and the meaning of it I don’t understand.
The committee consists of 20 members ,5 of whom are women.
The book contains 50 poems, most of which were written in 1930s.
I have a sentence , the meaning of which I don’t understand.
Rewrite the following sentences
whose表示所属关系
There are in this class 20 students, ______ are different. (多选)
A.whose backgrounds
B.the backgrounds of whom
C.of whom the backgrounds
D.the backgrounds of whose
1. 考查表示所属关系的of which/whom。
*(2011·江西高考)She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of which had taken more than three years.

2.考查表示整体与部分关系的of which/whom。
*The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
（2014天津卷）English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _____ uses it differently.


all of which B. each of which
C. all of them D. each of them

句义：英语是一个被很多不同的文化共同使用的语言，每一种语言使用英语的方法都是不一样的。
B
(2012·四川高考)In our class there are 46 students,
　　　half wear glasses.

A. in whom　　　　　B. in them
C. of whom　　　　　D. of them
C
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.     

A. which was               B. it was      
C. which were              D. them were
C
A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” 

A. that   B. which 
C. where  D. what
C
2.The murder happened in an old building, 
beside ______ the city police station.     
A. which are               B. it is      
C. which is                D. them are     
3. Next month we’ll move to a new building, next 
to _______ a nice rest