高考专题复习之


完 形 填 空
Contents：
技巧点拨
经典例解
【全国卷考纲分析】
完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。
解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容，区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系，对语篇中的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程，通常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背景知识等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会作者的写作意图，加强分析推理能力。
1. 全国卷完形填空词数通常为 左右，选材以 为主，夹叙夹议，设空 个，首句不设题；
2. 为主，语法极少。考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出 的理解，突出文化背景，设题以情景意义选择为主 。
3.干扰性强，重细微辨析。选项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误。
实词为主，虚词为辅。
【完形填空主要特点】
250
记叙文
20
语境
语篇
2013
记叙文（夹叙夹议）
叙述亲身体验残疾人的经历从中有所感悟。
2014
议论文
通过一系列实例来论证当有些活动成为常规的时候往往会使人们产生厌倦而中途放弃。
2015
记叙文（夹叙夹议）
奉献爱心，助人为乐。（赠人玫瑰，手留余香）
【近三年全国卷体裁题材特点】
【近三年全国卷考点方向】
主要考查名词、动词、形容词、副词，
占90% 以上。
词汇题
考什么？
篇章结构
(语境)
句际关系
I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was tired and at the same time feeling lonely. Worse still, Dad missed a step and fell, sending my new suitcases rolling down the stairs. “Damn!” he screamed, his face turning red. I knew trouble was ahead. Whenever Dad’s face turns red, look out !
lazy
anxious
tired
_____
____
took
missed
picked
rolling
passing
turning
_____
_______
give up
hold on
look out
能力测试要求
“语篇”、“语境”、“语义”
技巧点拨
1. 注意上下文语境（context)
词汇复现、逻辑关系
2.掌握习惯搭配（phrases & idioms）
3.运用词义辨析 （comparison）
4.了解常识背景（common sense）
5. 运用语法分析（grammar analysis)
1.复现
1.( 2015全国卷I) Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a __47__. I thought about it. We were __48(low)__ on cash ourselves, but…
… When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54(whatever)__ his family might need, he burst into tears.
47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card
the gift card
语境--原词重现
2. (2014全国卷I) As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 ( ages).
.
41. A. principle B. habit
C. way D. power
语境-同义词、近义词复现
2.词语的习惯用法
和固定搭配
3. （2014全国I) For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys.
43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going
语境-固定搭配
play with(toys)
16
(2013 江西) “You shouldn’t swim that day, ” the man 45 advised . “There is a storm coming up.”
“You should mind your own 46 !” Diane replied and walked into the gentle waves.
46.A. business B. Swimsuit C. friends D. parents
None of your business. 与你无关。
Mind your own business! 不要多管闲事！
17
习语谚语
(2012全国新课标) Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words …
36. A. straighter B. louder
C. harder D. further
Action speaks louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩
3.根据词汇的
意义及用法辨析词义
4.(2014全国卷I）My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 55 (challenges) , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome.
54. A. forgotten B. repeated
C. conducted D. finished
语境-词义辨析
4.根据生活常识
及文化背景知识进行选择
5.（2013全国卷I） As soon as I sat down, my 41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42（locked） .
41. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight
生活常识
常识、背景知识
6. Born in America , I spoke English not Chinese， the language of my ancestors . When I was three , my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pushed them 37 (aside ) , …
36. A. custom B. games
C .characters D. language
1.语法手段
2.逻辑手段
句际关系
1.语法手段
7.（2015全国卷I） When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54__ his family might need, he burst into tears.
A. whoever B. whatever
C. whichever D. whenever
语法-连接代词

逻辑手段
2.逻辑手段
让步关系
转折关系
因果关系
解释关系
顺序关系
并列关系
…
8.（2013全国卷I） My hands started to ache as I 51 (turned) the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 52 (direction) of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 53 task.
53. A. easy B. heavy
C. major D. extra
语境-因果关系
9.   Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was     37(special)  . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.   
38. A. help B. peace
C. smile D. praise
语境-转折
10.（2014全国卷I) The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s
47 （passing） interest.
46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed
C. newly- collected D. half-filled
语境-同类并列关系
11.
First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, ...
Then the writing point of the pen……
52 ,the pen should make a thick, dark line.
52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally
C. Afterwards D. Finally
语境-顺序关系
原词复现
同义、近义复现
并列关系
转折关系
让步关系
解释关系
语法项目较少考查
顺序关系
因果关系
词汇手段
语法手段
逻辑手段
语篇信息（语境理解）
技巧小结
…
为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?
1.没有严格遵循答题步骤:
多数同学考试时担心时间紧,在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题.事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-16分钟.
2. 不注意积累答题技巧:
a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;
b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.
The next day, Jane went to work and I called Saturn to 33 buy her a new car. I knew she had always wanted a __34 car. The sales consultant at Saturn said he had one left 35 _ he couldn’t guarantee it’d still be available because they were 36 selling fast. I said I’d take my 37 and asked him to put it in the showroom.
34. A. new B. pretty C. private D. white
35. A. although B. but C. because D. if
36. A. selling B. running C. changing D. updating
37. A. wife B. money C. chances D. order
经典例解
But no sooner had we stepped into the store than Jane spotted the little white Saturn coupe(双门轿车) ―Oh, what a pretty car! She said. I’d love the new car.
【真题演练 】
新课标2015全国卷I
解题三部曲：读---填---读
My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 41 my job. Family to Feed.”
At this store, a 42 like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind.In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our “friend” there would 46. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice.
41. A. Quit B. Changed
C. Lost D. Finished
42. A. condition
B. place
C. sight D. show
43. A. suggestion
B.comment
C. decision D. call
44. A. by B. proudly
C. outside
D. angrily
45. A. draw B. say
C. arrange D. pick
46. A. appreciate
B. supply
C. order
D. discover
语境、词义
上下文
Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47. I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves, but…well, sometimes 49 from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do! All the kids 51 something they could do away with for the week.
When we handed him the bag of 52, he lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 54 his family might need, he burst into tears.
47. A. dollar B. job
C. hot meal D. gift card
48. A. easy B. low
C. soft D. loose
49. A. giving B. saving
C. spending D. begging
50. A. yet B. even
C. still D. just
51. A. declared B. shared
C. ignored D. expected
52. A. food B. medicine
C. toys D. clothes
53. A. sleepy B. watery
C. curious D. sharp
54. A. whoever
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
原词重现
上下文
语法
语境、词义
词义辨析
This has been a wonderful 55 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56 ! Things would have played out so 57 if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have 58 to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in 59,
it also gave my kids the 60 taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.
55. A. message B. example
C. experience D. adventure
56. A. rely on B. respect
C. learn from D. help
57. A. suddenly B. vividly
C. differently D. perfectly
58. A. time B. power
C. patience D. money
59. A. need B. love
C. fear D. memory
60. A. strong B. sweet
C. strange D. simple
语境、词义
Answers:
01-05 CCBCD
06-10 ADBAD
11-15 AABBC
16-20 DCDAB
试题分析
1.从设题的层次来看，句组层次题最多，达15个，这也反映了其突出考查考生的连贯性理解能力的命题原则，因此，考生需要较强的逻辑推理能力。
2.提示我们在平常的英语学习中不要再在近义词辨析及用法上下太多功夫，知道词义即可。
通读——试填——核查
解题原则：
解题步骤：
主要手段：
“先完意，后完形”
语境、词义
39
完形填空解题 “三字经”
Thank you! Bye!