专题三：语法填空
高考英语备考复习
Teaching Objects
To analyze:
Common mistakes
Possible reasons
Possible solutions
语法填空题的语篇材料多为故事类题材（广东卷近五年全为故事类题材），文字浅易，篇幅不长（200词左右)，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。
语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法结构，还包括构词法、篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用。
试题特点
试题解读
One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about[61] _____ (be) late for school.There were many people waiting at the bus stop, [62]_______ some of them looked very anxious and [63] __________(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next [64]_______ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike [65]_______ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused [66]_______(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept [67]_______(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“[68]_______ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop　” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s [69]_______ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers　　 [70]________(sudden) became friendly to one another.
being
and
disappointed
to
caught
to stop
riding
Did
me/mine
suddenly
题型再认识
2015英语考试大纲说明样题
句子结构 - 词类转换
句子结构 - 词类转换
意义制约：分句逻辑意义关系
句子结构 - 词类转换
语境意义- 词类转换
意义制约：语境意义
句子结构 - 谓语动词
句子结构 - 非谓语动词
句子结构 - 非谓语动词
句子结构-意义制约
试题要求：
阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
试题要求：
阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求, 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
语法填空
目 的:篇章意义的理解,尤其是在上下文意义关
系中应用语法知识的能力。

呈现方式:200字以内的连贯篇章(故事为主)，填入
一个虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空。

好 处:克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点,将语法
知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功
地结合起来。
考查学生是否能理清句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑性。需分析:
句子的构成成分（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；
句子成分之间的一致性，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；
句子的篇章制约;
句子的意义制约。
语境+语法
What’s the usual way you fulfill the task Grammar Filling?
三步完成:
概读理解 – 分析填空 – 连贯检查
语 法
词法
句法
章法
惯用法
思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢?
语法填空以根据上下文填入恰当的动词（v.）（或其适当形式）、名词（n.）、代词(pron.)、冠词(art.)、介词(prep.)、情态动词、连词(conj.)和引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)。考查各项语法内容。
Discuss with your parters about each group of the blanks from A to F on your own paper and try to finger out some similarilities of the words we should fill in.
Group work
冠词
物主代词
无提示词
可数名词单数之前
1. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _____last row.. (2012.广东)
2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was [35]____ shy , nervous perfectionist. (11深圳二模)
the
a
his
考查语法点: 冠词, 物主代词的用法
1.The little boy pulled [33]________ right hand out of the pocket … (10深圳一模)
Group A
连词或从句引导词
无提示词
两个主谓结构连接，用连词。
2. It was not long [39]_________ the waitress came back and then she began to wipe down the table and suddenly was surprised at what she saw. (10深圳一模)
4. You will never gain success _____ you are fully devoted to your work (2014.湖南)
before
unless
考查语法点: 复合句中连接词、引导词的用法
Group B
介词
无提示词
与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语,补语等
与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
3. In short, I believe that it is [39]__________ great use to keep a dairy in English…

5. When I took the money from her grandparents, I looked back [34]_________the girl, who was giving me the most optimistic, largest smile I had ever seen. (11深圳一模)
of
at
考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及搭配
Group C
谓语动词
有提示词
与主语构成主谓结构
1. I was certain she would like it because I [39] _______ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. (10广州一模)
6. His fear of failure [36]__________ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (11深圳二模)
was told
kept
考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
Group D
非谓语动词
有提示词
除谓语动词以外的动词形式
2. We must also consider the reaction of the person [32]__________ (receive) the gift. (07广州)
3. …I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left [36]___________ (complete) the rest! (07广二模)
6. My pupils, Donnie [40]__________ (include), adored her. (11深圳二模)
receiving
to complete
included
考查语法点: 非谓语动词及变形的使用
Group E
词性转换
有提示词
介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子
1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said [36]__________ (rude). (07深圳一模)
2. One of the [33]__________ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher… (07广州一模)
5. As far as I am concerned, my [37] ____________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.
rudely
worst
suggestion
考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化
Group F
实词
虚词
一．根据句子结构，确定词性
动词
名词
形容词
副词
(代词)
冠词
介词
连词
(代词)
词性
有
提
示
词
无
提
示
词
主 + 谓
N./Pron.
Vt.
宾
N./Pron.
Vi.
宾
+ prep.
art.
art.
Adv.
Adj.
Adj.
___________,
Adv.
主 + 谓, ________________ 主 + 谓.
conj. /引导词
主 + 谓, _____________.
非谓语动词
引导词＋从句
㈠
㈡
①基本结构

②扩展成份

③从句
从前页可见：句子结构和层次
基本成分：主、谓、宾、表等。
理清分句关系；分清主次
去掉修饰成分，使句子结构一目了然。
宾补、状语、定语等；
动词词组特定意义的固定搭配
固定介词短语
二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形
冠词
定冠词,不定冠词, 物主代词的用法
并列句及复合句
非谓语
非谓语动词 to do, doing, done 及变形
谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致
连词
介词
介词的常用用法及词组搭配
词性变化
词汇, 构词法
谓语动词
2014年广东高考英语试题： 语法填空
Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a
vacation. Some of my friends who had been there
before said16______ was a wonderful holiday
destination. Before we went, we had planned for months.
When the day came, we were ready.
After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had
made our reservation six months 17______ （early）,
but the man at the front desk said there had been a
mistake. We 18____________（tell）that our rooms
hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19_____ for the
week after. I didn’t understand 20____ this would happen
it
earlier
were told
why
but
and my credit card had already been charged
21______ the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had
been fully booked. When we were wondering what to
do, the manager came out. She was 22_________
(surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and
gave us a spare VIP room on 23_____ top floor. We
had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we
weren’t charged extra.
The next day, my brother and I went to the beach
24_______ we watched some people play volleyball.
We got a little 25 _________________ (sunburn),
but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.
for
surprisingly
the
where
sunburned/sunburnt
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It 61______（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62________(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, ears later, this river is one of 63____most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64______even a few months. It took years of work 65_________(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66________(clean) than ever.
2014新课标全国卷： 语法填空
was
actually
the
or
to reduce
cleaner
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit 67__________ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation ,don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are 68 __________(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69______ (change ) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70_____ (patience).
amazing
changes
patient
that/which
A brief sum-up
语法填空题比起单选题来对考生提出了更高的要求。它 ； ；强化 。一些 至关重要，对文章的意思要理解透彻， 对 的关系要明确。
以语法为基础
以语境为依托
对句子的分析和理解
固定搭配
上下文，前后句
语境（context）
篇章意识
word-formatiom
构词法
预 习
Thank You All!