高 考 英 语

单 项 选 择 题 解 题 方 法
湖南英语高考自去年以来,单项选择题注重对语法基础知识极其运用能力的考查,不再将词义辨析题(含短语动词)和交际用语 列为单选题的考查范围,将其分别纳入完形填空和听力部分考查.

命题趋势:
1. 考查基础语法知识.
2. 考查语法知识的运用能力.
命题特点：
　１．注重语境,强调运用．
　２．涉及知识面广，涵盖了冠词﹑形容词﹑副词﹑动词﹑非谓
　　　语动词﹑定语从句及状语从句等。动词一直是考查的重点。
　３.语境设置更为真实﹑自然﹑巧妙。词汇﹑语法知识越考越活。
解题策略归纳为以下四法：
1.题眼法。2.还原法。3.一致法。4.标点法。
一. 题眼法

题眼法即语境分析法。“眼”指的是题干

中的解题关键信息，一旦抓住了它，就能掌

握选择的依据。在解题时同学们应树立全局

观和整体观，认真分析语境准确理解和把握

信息并关注关键词句找出突破口。例如：
(1)----Is there fog in the evening?
----There____be. I’ll make a phone call to find it out.
must B. would C. will D. might
(2) Most of the Europeans refuse to accept GM food ____Americans
regard it as the fruit from high tech.
when B. as C. while D. the moment
(3) Unfortunately, when I dropped in, Doctor Li ____for Beijing to
join in the fight against SARS, so we only had time for a few words.
just left B. had just left C. is just leaving D. was just leaving
(4) Is there any possibility of the film ____in Paris International
Festival.
being tried out B. trying out C. tried out D. to try out
(5) ____, but he insisted that he ____to school.
A. Though he was ill; went B. Having been ill; went
C. Having been ill; should go D. He was ill;go
D
C
D
A
D
二. 还原法

还原法，即句子结构分析法。很多高考单项选择
题考点实为难度 较小的简单句，但命题人往往通过加
长句式，将陈述句改为疑问或感叹等句型，使用插入语，采用倒装和省略等手段使简单的句式复杂化, 以增加干扰因素。解题时，同学们应通过句型分析弄清题干的来龙去脉，还原简单句的本来面目。
主要有如下八种还原方式：
1. 将疑问句还原成陈述句。例如：
Whom is it up to ____the matter?
decide B. to decide C. deciding D. decided
解析：将题干还原为陈述句：

答案为：
It is up to sb. to decide the matter.
B
2 将感叹句还原成陈述句。例如：
_____role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.
A. How interesting B. How an interesting
C. What interesting D. What an interesting
解析：将题干还原为陈述句：
因此答案为：

3 将被动语态还原成主动语态。例如：
Our time should be made full use of _____.
A. study B. studied C. studying D. to study
解析：将题干还原为成主动语态：
因此答案为：
She played an interesting role in the film.
D
We should make full use of our time to study.
D
4 将倒装语序还原成正常语序。例如：
Here is a note book, in which _____ the names of the visitors.
A. write B. written C. were written D. was written
解析：将题干还原为正常语序:
因此答案为：

5 将强调句式还原成一般句式。 例如:
It was ____ that resulted in the terrible car accident.
A. because of her carelessness B. her being careless
C. because she was careless D. she was so careless
解析：将题干还原为一般句式:


因此答案为：
The names of the visitors were written in the note book.
C
Her being careless was resulted in the terrible car accident.
B
6 将先行词还原到定语从句中。例如:
The study you have been making _____the ancient Chinese characters
is an instructive job.
to B.for C. of D. from
解析: 把定语从句 先行词 the study 还原回从句中得出:
因此答案为:

7 删除附加结构,将复杂句还原成简单句。 例如:
John plays football ____, if not better than, David.
as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
解析: 将插入语 if not better than 删除得出:
因此答案为:
You have been making the study of the ancient Chinese characters.
C
John plays football as well as David.
B
8 将省略句还原成完整的句子。例如:
-----Do you know what Tom does all day ?
-----I know he spends at least as much time watching TV as he ____
his lessons.
A. is doing B. does C. spends in D. does doing

解析:将连词as 后的从句还原完整,得出:
此句中的 spends 可用 来代替.

因此答案为:
does
D
…as he spends (in) doing his lessons.
三. 一致法

一致法是另一种句子结构分析法,即在解题时我们要注意
句子前后的关系要一致,包括主谓一致,时态一致,代词一致,比
较对象一致等等,以此找到解题的突破口.例如:

The man rushed out of the room, ____into his car and started it
hurriedly, ____to get home as soon as possible.
A. got; hoped B. getting; and hoped
C. got; hoping D. getting; hoped

解析:
C
从and 可知,此题考查三个谓语动词rushed,got和started的并列,
时态要一致,所以第一空要填got,而第二空hoping是伴随状语.
2. Written in a hurry, _________.
Peter made many mistakes in the paper
There are many mistakes in the paper
we found some mistakes in the paper
the paper is full of mistakes

解析:

3. Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and
____ to lose my face, I gave up this year’s civil service exam.
didn’t want B. not wanted C. not wanting D. not to want

解析:
分词做状语时其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语保持一致.此
题中written in a hurry 的逻辑主语应该是paper所以选择主
语一致的 项。
此题考查and连接的两个并列状语,前后形式要一致,not wanting ,与前面的thinking 一致,故选择
D
C
四. 标点法
在解答单项选择题时标点符号的作用不可忽视.在做题时
一个标点符号可能就决定了一个题的答案.例如:
1. Our first destination was Indian Greek in Kansas.____was
then the frontier.
A. That B. Which C. What D. Then
解析:
2. Everyone was on time for the meeting—_____Chris, who’s
usually ten minutes late for everything.
A. but B. only C. even D. yet

解析:
A
C
从前后句间的句号可知,后半句是独立的句子而非从句,因此不可以在句首使用从属连词.故答案为
从破折号可知,符号后面的内容是对前面句子的补充说明。故答案为
3. They believe that the spirits are with the body of the dead person
for three days; ____there’s always someone to stay with the dead body.
A. during which time B. during which
C. during when D. during this time

解析:
由分号可知后半部分应该是一个独立的句子.
故答案应为
D
总之,高考单项选择题尽管只有十五个小题,但考查内容涉及

面广并突出了综合性和语境化的特点.解题时,应结合语境,认真分

析句子,灵活运用语法词汇知识,通过现象看本质,从而达到分析问

题和解决问题的目的.
巩固练习:
( )1._____, the earth moves around the sun .
A. It is known that B. We all know
C.What we know is D. As we all know—
( )2. During the test we were supposed to stay in our seats,
keep our eyes on our work, _____to anyone.
A. but could not talk B. instead of speaking
C. rather than speak D. and not to speak
( )3. The country life he was used to____greatly since 1992.
A.change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed

( )4. No progress was made in the trade talks as neither side would
accept the conditions of _____.
A. others B. the other C. either D. another
( )5.-----It is 30 years since we last met.
------But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _____we
got lost on a rainy night.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
D
D
B
B
B
（标点法）
（一致法）
（还原法—删除附加结构）
（题眼法）
（还原法—删除附加结构）
( )6. When ____ help, one often says “Thank you .” or “It is kind
of you.”
A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered
( )7. _____ he was the last man I wanted to see, I did all in my
power to help him.
A. As B. Now that C.Though D.However
( )8. Who did the teacher _____the article?
A. have written B. have write
C. had written D. has writing
( )9. It’s fun to see all the food I have made ____in such a short
time.
A. eating B. to be eaten C. being eaten D. eaten
( )10. The speech _____, a lively discussion started.
A. being delivered B. was delivered
C. be delivered D. having been delivered
D
C
B
D
D
（一致法）
（题眼法）
（还原法）
（还原法—删除附加结构）
（一致法）
重 基 础
Conclusion
细 分 析
巧 运 用
Thank You