专题四　动词与动词短语
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专题四　动词与动词短语
动词及其词组的灵活运用是英语的特色之一，也是学生学习中的难点，因此每年均为测试的重点。在历年高考试题中动词所占的比例最大，设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考生在具体语境中对动词(短语)意义的理解和运用。其考点主要包括：
1．考查动词词义辨析。包括常见动词用法辨析、近义词辨析、词形相近词辨析和用法相近词辨析。
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2．考查动词短语辨析。主要包括同根动词短语的辨
析、同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析、 不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析以及“动词＋副词＋介词”短语的辨析。在动词词组的测试中，绝大多数为基础动词，出现频率较高的词有：get，turn，make，put，go，give，break，
cut，come，look，keep，bring，show，pick，hold，
fall，carry，pull，catch，call，take等。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
高考对动词、动词短语的考查，除了考查其基本含义辨析外，更注重动词(短语)的新义和引申义，如：polish抛光， 磨光(本意)→修正，文饰(引申); sniff嗅，闻(本意)→鄙视地说，嗤之以鼻(引申); stir移动，搅拌(本意)→煽动(引申); break down发生故障，失灵，失效(本意)→坍塌，崩溃，瓦解，中断，中止(引申)，同时还有“恸哭”之意； look into向里面看(本意)→调查， 研究(引申)，同时还有“浏览”之意； work out的基本意思为“解决， 算出， 制订出”，较生意思为“锻炼”。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
3.考查系动词、半系动词用法。动词作系动词用时，后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等，此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类动词有：appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste, prove, remain, stay, smell, grow, turn, go, come, fall, stand, lie, exist等。此外，一些无被动语态形式的“个性”动词(短语)也是学习的重点，如belong to(属于)，witness(见证，目击)等。
2014年高考命题仍然会坚持结合语境考查考生对动词(短语)意义的理解和运用能力，尤其是动词短语的新义、动词的一词多义等。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
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专题四　动词与动词短语
1．[2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] Try not to cough more than you can ________ since it may cause problems to your lungs.
A. check B．allow
C．stop D．help
[解析] D 　考查动词辨析。考生需掌握短语more than
one can help的意思 “尽量不”，故正确答案是D项。句
意：尽量不要咳嗽，因为这会给你的肺带来问题。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
2． [2013·浙江卷] When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to________ it with important points.
A. conclude B．lead
C. avoid D．hold
[解析] A　考查动词辨析。句意：当小组讨论将要结束的时候，要确保对讨论内容的要点进行总结。conclude表示“得出结论”，符合题意，故选A项。lead导致；avoid避免；hold拿着，握着，容纳。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
3． [2013·福建卷] Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which ________ spending quite a lot of time with students.
A. enjoys B．involves
C. practices D．suggests
[解析] B　考查动词辨析。 involve意为“涉及， 卷入，需要”。句意：米歇尔找到一份当高中老师的工作，这需要花很多时间和学生在一起。只有B项符合句意。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
4．[2013·江苏卷] —The town is so beautiful! I just
love it.
—Me too.The character of the town is well
________．
A．qualified B．preserved
C．decorated D．simplified
[解析] B　考查动词辨析。句意：“这座城市如此美
丽啊！我喜爱它。”“我也是。这座城市的特征得到了
很好的保存。” preserve意为“保护，保存”，符合题
意。qualify有资格；decorate装饰；simplify简化。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
5．[2013·江西卷] She ________ the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
A. connected B．fitted
C. equipped D．matched
[解析] D　考查动词辨析。句意：她给这块地毯在颜色上配了一些非常好看的窗帘。connect连接；fit(使)适合；equip装备，配备；match“使相配，使相称”，符合语境。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
6．[2013·江西卷] She ________ the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour.
A. connected B．fitted
C. equipped D．matched
[解析] D　 考查动词短语辨析。大学毕业生毕业前
举行毕业典礼，这之后应该是踏上人生旅程，故选
D项。set off出发；give up放弃；settle down安顿下
来；get through通过。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
7．[2013·福建卷] Old­fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________in disasters.
A. turn down B．turn out
C. break down D. break out
[解析] C　考查动词短语辨析。turn down 把音量调小，拒绝； turn out 结果是……； break down 坏了，出错， 抛锚；break out (突然事件或自然灾害)爆发。 句意： 当无线网络在灾难中瘫痪时，老款电话很重要。只有选项C符合句意。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
8．[2013·江苏卷] Team leaders must ensure that all members ________ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.
A．get over B．look over
C．take over D．come over
[解析] A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队的领导者
必须确保所有的成员克服他们与生俱来的因惧怕犯错
而难堪的心理。get over意为“克服”，符合题意。Look
over检查；take over接管；come over过来，顺便来访。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
9．[2013·江西卷] Mother always complains that children ________ their shoes very quickly.
A. find out B．wash out
C. wear out D．set out
[解析] C　考查动词短语辨析。find out找出，查明；
wash out刷洗； wear out用坏，穿破；set out动身，
出发。句意：妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快穿破了他们的
鞋子。根据语境判断，此处用C选项最合适。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
10．[2013·浙江卷] Bears ________ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.
A. pack up B．build up
C. bring up D．take up
[解析] B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：熊在整个夏季
和秋季积累脂肪，以便在冬天冬眠的时候有足够的能
量。build up意为“积聚，积累”，符合句意。pack up
打包整理；bring up抚养长大；take up从事，占据。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
1．Take care! There is a nail________of the chair.
A．sticking out B．putting out
C．standing out D．giving out
[解析] A　考查动词短语辨析。stick out 突出，坚持到底，伸出；put out熄灭，扑灭，出版；stand out凸显出； give out放出，发出，筋疲力尽。句意：小心！椅子上有个钉子突出来了。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
2． John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to________ all his trousers to his measure.
A. let out B. give away
C. bring in D. make up
[解析] A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：约翰最近长胖了很多，所以他母亲不得不按照他的尺寸把他的裤子加肥。此处let out意为“加宽”。give away分发，泄露；bring in引进；make up组成，化妆，编造。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
3． Legal experts are ________ the criminal law to be changed after a number of incidents have come to light.
A．looking for B．standing for
C．sending for D．calling for
[解析] D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：一系列的事件曝光后，法律专家要求改变刑法。look for寻找；stand for象征；send for派人去叫；call for要求。根据题意可知选D项。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
4． When chatting with her on the mobile phone, the battery ________ dead suddenly.
A．went B．came C．remained D．changed
[解析] A　考查动词辨析。句意：当正用手机和她聊天时，电池突然没有电了。go dead死机，没电。表示不好的、贬义的形容词常和go搭配，故选A项。come变得，成为；remain保持；change变得。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
5. I will move out next week. I'm not going to________ my roommate smoking any longer.
A. turn to B．stick to
C. come up with D．put up with
[解析] D　考查动词短语辨析。句意： 我下周就会搬出去。我再也不用忍受我室友吸烟了。turn to 转向；stick to 坚持；come up with 想出；put up with 忍受。根据题意可知选D项。
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6． More and more rich people have promised to________ their wealth after death to help the poor and the disabled.
A. give away B．give up
C. give out D．give in
[解析] A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：越来越多的富人已经许诺他们去世后把他们的财产捐给那些穷人和残疾人。give away赠送，分发，泄露；give up放弃；give out分发，发出；give in屈服，上交。根据题意可知选A项。
专题四　动词与动词短语
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专题四　动词与动词短语
7． All these documents must be ________ the university you are applying for before December.
A. donated to B. sent in
C. submitted to D. handed in
[解析] C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有的文件必
须在十二月之前递交给你申请的大学。donate …to…
捐赠；send sth in 寄出；submit to向……递交；hand
in上交。根据题意可知选C项。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
8． He slowed the bleeding by ________ pressure to the wounds until the ambulance arrived.
A．assessing B．approving
C．applying D．appointing
[解析] C　考查动词辨析。assess 评定，估价；approve批准，赞成；appoint任命，委派；apply申请，涂，敷，应用，常用搭配 apply…to…。apply pressure to the wounds 的意思是“对伤口施加压力” 。
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专题四　动词与动词短语
9. —What's the matter with John? He has been sitting there for hours.
—A postcard from his father ________ an attack of home­sickness in him.
A．took up B．set off
C．brought in D．built up
[解析] B　考查动词短语辨析。take up占据；set off出发，引起，使爆炸；bring in带来，引进；build up创建，增加，增多。本句的意思是“父亲寄来的明信片使他想家”。故选B。
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10． —How soon will the candidates get their university admissions?
—It may take three weeks for all the applications to be
________．
A．withdrawn B．delivered
C．edited D．processed
[解析] D　考查动词辨析。语境表达“可能需要三周才能把所有的申请处理完毕”，故选择D项。withdraw取出，撤退；deliver 交付，发表，递送；edit编辑，校对；process处理，加工。根据句意可知D项正确。
专题四　动词与动词短语
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备用习题
1．Not having promoted the new digital camera successfully, the company should ________ its original marketing methods.
A．account for B．reflect on
C．work out D．call up
[解析] B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：没有成功地推销新的数码相机，公司应反思其原有的营销方法。account for对……做出解释(或说明)，占……比例；reflect on思考，反省；work out 解决，算出，实现，制订出；call up打电话给，召集，使想起。根据句意可知B项正确。
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备用习题
2．The actress readily ________ the fact that her unbalanced diet was a major influence on her expanding figure.
A．considered B．consulted
C．acknowledged D．reviewed
[解析] C　考查动词辨析。那位女演员很乐意承认这个事实：她不均衡的饮食是她身材变胖的主要因素。consider考虑；consult咨询；acknowledge承认，感谢；review回顾，复习。根据句意可知C项正确。
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备用习题
3．Military helicopters dropped food and medicine to the earthquake survivors that remained ________ in remote mountain villages.
A．cut off B．paid off
C．put off D．laid off
[解析] A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：军用直升机给依然被困在偏远山村的地震幸存者空投食品和药品。cut off切断，中断；pay off付清，取得成功；put off 延迟；lay off解雇，休息，停止工作。根据句意可知A项正确。
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备用习题
4．The habit is something that people do repeatedly and often do not ________because they have done it so many times before.
A．know B．understand
C．experience D．realize
[解析] D　考查动词辨析。句意：习惯是一种人反复做并且因为之前做过很多次而通常不会意识到的行为。know知道；understand理解；experience经历；realize意识到。根据句意可知D项正确。
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备用习题
5．Do your best to remember other people's names and interests, which shows you ________ them.
A．look up to B．worry about
C．care about D．look after
[解析] C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽力记住别人的名字和兴趣，这表明你在乎他们。look up to尊敬；worry about担忧；care about感兴趣，注意，关心；look after照料，照看。根据句意可知C项正确。
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备用习题
6． International football matches don't always ________ better understanding between countries.
A．stand for B．compensate for
C．make for D．account for
[解析] C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：国际足球比赛并不总是有助于国与国之间更好的理解。stand for代表；compensate for赔偿，补偿；make for倾向于，有助于，有利于；account for对……做出解释(或说明)，占……比例。根据句意可知C项正确。
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备用习题
7. At the club, Johnny scanned the crowd for Lisette and ________ her.
A．caught B．searched
C．sought D．spotted
[解析] D　考查动词辨析。句意：在俱乐部里，约翰尼扫视人群来寻找丽塞特，并认出了她。catch赶上，抓住；search寻找，搜寻；seek 寻找；spot认出，发现，弄脏。根据句意可知D项正确。
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备用习题
8． Hearing she failed again, the student ________ her face in her hands and cried.
A．bent B．sheltered C．buried D．trapped
[解析] C　考查动词辨析。 bend弯曲； shelter庇护； bury埋头，埋藏； trap困住。句意：听说她又失败了，这个学生以手掩面哭了。根据句意可知C项正确。
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备用习题
9． We tried to ring you back，Bryan, but we ________ your number incorrectly.
A．looked up B．got through
C．took down D．worked out
[解析] C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们试图给你回电话，布莱恩。但是，我们记错了你的号码。look up向上看，抬头看；get through结束，通过； take down取下，记下；work out解决，算出，实现。根据句意可知C项正确。
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备用习题
10．We have to learn to ________ annoy