专题九　名词性从句
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专题九　名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。考查的要点主要是连接代词和副词的正确使用，主语、谓语的语序，双重连接词以及特殊句型的使用等。其考点主要包括：
1．考查名词性从句的连接词。如：有词义的连接代词who, whose, whom, what, which; 连接副词when, where, why, how; 从属连词that, whether, if, as if; 无词义的that在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略。
2．考查名词性从句的语序和时态。
3．考查it作形式主语、形式宾语的情况。如：
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(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary, important, obvious等)＋that从句．
(2)It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句．
(3)It＋be＋名词(a surprise, a fact, a shame, an honour等)＋that从句．
(4)It＋不及物动词(appear, happen等)＋that从句．
4．名词性从句中的虚拟语气。如：
(1)It is (was)＋ essential (important, natural…) ＋that…；
(2)It is (was) suggested (demanded, wished, desired…)that…等。
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专题九　名词性从句
5．what引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。如：what＝the thing that/anything that…； what＝the place that…； what＝the time that…； what＝the person that…等。
6．whoever，whatever，whichever引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。
2014年将重点考查连接词that，what的用法； 特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句； wh­ever引导的名词性从句。
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专题九　名词性从句
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专题九　名词性从句
1．[2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] Police have found________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.
A. which B．where
C．how D．what
[解析] D 　考查宾语从句的连接词。及物动词found后面显然是一个宾语从句，而从句中缺少主语，所以正确答案锁定连接代词which和what。其中，which引导宾语从句时，意思是“哪一个，哪一些”，用于要求某人在有限数量中指明某人或某事物；what引导宾语从句时，意思是“……的事物”。句中没有给出具体的数量，故选D项。句意：警察已经找到了好像是失踪的古代雕像的东西。
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专题九　名词性从句
2．[2013·山东卷] It's good to know ________ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.
A. what B．whose
C．which D．that
[解析] D　考查名词性从句。句中的it是形式主语，“________the dogs will be well cared for while we're away”是真正的主语，故用引导词that。句意：我们不在的时候这些狗会被照顾得很好，知道这个我们很高兴。
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专题九　名词性从句
3．[2013·陕西卷] It remains to be seen ________ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.
A．that B．which
C．what D．whether
[解析] D　考查名词性从句。题干中it作形式主语，所填词引导的从句作真正的主语，引导词在从句中不作成分，但其意思是“是否”，用whether引导，故选D项。句意：新成立的委员会的政策是否能够付诸实施还有待观察。
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专题九　名词性从句
4．[2013·四川卷] ________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.
A. When B．How
C．What D．That
[解析] C　考查名词性从句。此处you said缺宾语，describes a bright future for the company缺主语，只有what能满足要求。句意：你在会上所说的话是对公司发展前景的一个很好的描述。
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专题九　名词性从句
5．[2013·北京卷] Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.
A. why B．where C．that D．what
[解析] C　考查名词性从句的连接词。believe后的宾语从句陈述的是一个事实，并且从句中不缺成分，所以只需填入关系词that即可。
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专题九　名词性从句
6．[2013·江西卷] ________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.
A. Whoever B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Wherever
[解析] C　考查名词性从句。句意：你们无论哪一个打破窗户都必须赔偿。此处指从you这一范围中进行选择，故选C项，表示“无论哪一个”。
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专题九　名词性从句
7．[2013·浙江卷] The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A. how B．that C．which D．whether
[解析] B　考查同位语从句。此处是由that引导的同位语从句，指代belief的具体内容，同时从句中不缺少成分，所以用that引导，这里选B项。
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专题九　名词性从句
8．[2013·重庆卷] ________struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
A．That B．It
C．What D．Which
[解析] C 　考查名词性从句。“________struck me most”是主语从句，在这个从句中缺主语，因此用what引导 。
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专题九　名词性从句
9．[2013·安徽卷] From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water.
A．why B．how
C．because D．whether
[解析] C　 考查表语从句。语境中“地球表面约71%被水覆盖”和“从太空上看，地球是蓝色的”之间是因果关系，故用because引导表语从句。
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专题九　名词性从句
10．[2013·湖南卷] Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.
A. how B．that
C．which D．where
[解析] A　 考查名词性从句。句意：别让失败弄得你垂头丧气，因为你永远不知道你离胜利有多么近。及物动词tell后接宾语从句，该宾语从句本身又是一个感叹句；修饰形容词close用how。
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专题九　名词性从句
1．It has been proved________ several new kinds of medicine have a positive effect on the cure of H7N9.
A．which B．if
C．that D．because
[解析] C　考查名词性从句的引导词。本题中it 为形式主语，所以后边的从句为真正的主语，从句中不缺任何成分，引导词只起引导作用，只能用that。故选C项。
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专题九　名词性从句
2．What the doctors really doubt is________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A．when B．if
C．whether D．what
[解析] C　考查名词性从句。句意：医生们真正怀疑的是我母亲是否可以很快从这场严重的疾病中康复过来。在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后面常接that引导的名词性从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether引导的名词性从句。
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专题九　名词性从句
3．The fact has worried many scientists________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
A．which B．that
C．as D．what
[解析] B　考查同位语从句。句意：这些年来地球变得越来越温暖这个事实让很多科学家很担忧。本题的that引导同位语从句，that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years解释名词the fact的内容。that在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用。故B项正确。
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专题九　名词性从句
4．It's no longer a question now________ man can land on the moon.
A. that B．which
C．whether D．what
[解析] A　考查名词性从句的连接词。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，此处that不作成分，没有意义，只起连接作用。
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专题九　名词性从句
5. ________Mo Yan had been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud.
A．As B．That
C．Which D．What
[解析] B　考查主语从句。句意：莫言获得了2012年诺贝尔文学奖使我们感到非常自豪。本题“Mo Yan had been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature”是简单句，且不缺成分，作主语时，需要用连接词that，故选B项。
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专题九　名词性从句
6．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ________ he could find about Mark Twain.
A. wherever B．however
C．whatever D．whichever
[解析] C　考查宾语从句。句意：前几天新来的人进入图书馆并搜寻他能找到的任何关于马克·吐温的东西。whatever引导宾语从句并在从句中作find的宾语，意为“任何……的东西”。
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专题九　名词性从句
7. News got around quickly________ a gunman went on a shooting rampage at a movie theatre in Aurora, Colorado.
A. which B．what C．that D．when
[解析] C　考查连词的用法。句意：消息很快传开了，一名持枪歹徒在Colorado的Aurora的一家电影院里继续实施枪击。此句是同位语从句。
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专题九　名词性从句
8．Romney was asked ________ he would ensure equal pay for women.
A. that B．where C．what D．how
[解析] D　考查由how引导的宾语从句。句意：罗姆尼被问到他如何确保妇女同工同酬。填入的词作asked的宾语，引导一个宾语从句，意为“如何”，故D项正确。
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专题九　名词性从句
9. He stared at the empty bottle for a while, feeling happy that he had sent the butterfly back ________ it belonged—nature.
A. to which B．that
C．which D．to where
[解析] D　考查宾语从句。句意：他盯着空瓶子看了一会儿，感到非常高兴，他已经把蝴蝶送回到属于它的地方——大自然。send…back to送回；where 引导的从句作介词to的宾语，且where 为副词，因此短语belong to 省略了to。
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专题九　名词性从句
10．After five hours' drive, they reached ________ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
A. where B．what
C．which D．that
[解析] B　考查主语从句。句意：五小时的行车后，他们到达了他们认为的他们一直梦想着的地方。reach后跟宾语从句，宾语从句中包含一个主语从句，主语从句中缺少thought的宾语，故选what。
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备用习题
1. We've just heard a warning on the radio ________ a typhoon may be on its way.
A．what B．when
C．which D．that
[解析] D　考查同位语从句。句意：我们刚在收音机里听到警告：台风可能即将来临。句中warning和后面的a typhoon may be on its way是同位关系，故用that引导。
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备用习题
2．—Many online games are full of violence, which do harm to the development of the children.
—And that's ________ my concern lies.
A．what B．which
C．where D．that
[解析] C　考查名词性从句的连接词。句意：“许多网 络游戏充满了暴力，这对孩子的发展有害。”“那就是我所担心的地方。”此处where引导表语从句，并在从句中作状语。
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备用习题
3．________ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.
A．If B．Whether
C．Even if D．No matter when
[解析] B　考查主语从句的连接词。句意：无论我接受还是拒绝这个礼物都和你没有关系。whether…or…意为“无论……还是……”。
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备用习题
4．“I think we need to pay more attention to the artistic and cultural work that goes on in every neighbourhood in this city，” Ms Martin said. “We are part of ________ makes New York unique.”
A．what B．that C．which D．it
[解析] A　考查名词性从句。of后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故用what。that在从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
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备用习题
5．We're excited to learn the news ________ Li Hua has been admitted to Tsinghua University.
A．what B．which
C．that D．as
[解析] C　考查同位语从句。句意：得知李华被清华大学录取的消息，我们很兴奋。在同位语从句中不缺成分，语意完整，但缺引导词，故选that。
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6．_______ he told us is the news _______ China got 32 gold medals in the Athens Olympic Games, _______， of course, made us feel very excited.
A．What; which; which B．That; that; which
C．What; that; which D．That; that; what
[解析] C　句意：他告诉我们这样一则消息：中国在雅典奥运会上得了32枚金牌。当然，这则消息令我们感到非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知，这是一个多重复合句，包括一个主语从句，一个同位语从句和一个非限制性定语从句。主语从句中缺宾语，同位语从句中不缺任何成分，故用从属连词that，非限制性定语从句用which引导，what不能引导定语从句。故选C项。
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备用习题
7. It remains to be seen ________ he will solve the problem or not.
A．that B．what
C．which D．whether
[解析] D　考查名词性从句。it是形式主语，真正的主语是从句whether he will solve the problem or not。whether在句中不充当任何成分，只起引导作用，且与or not连用。句意：他是否会解决这个问题有待于进一步观察。结合句意可知D正确。
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备用习题
8. —Mum, I don't think I am qualified enough to do this.
—Honey, be confident! You should know it is _______ a man thinks of himself _______ really determines his fate.
A．that; that B．how; that
C．what; that D．how; how
[解析] C　考查复合句。本句包含一个主语从句和一个强调句。在主语从句“what a man thinks of himself really determines his fate”中，引导词在从句中作宾语，故用what；又因去掉it is和that，剩下的是一个完整的句子，所以是强调句型，故第二空用that。
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备用习题
9. His shop was so well managed that he sold in just 5 months ________ his competitor sold in a year.
A．how B．what
C．whether D．why
[解析] B　考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：他的店经营得很好，仅5个月他就卖掉了竞争对手一年所销售的东西。本题是what引导的从句作sold的宾语，同时what充当从句的宾语，what此处意为“……东西”。
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备用习题
10．We have dresses of various styles and patterns on sale and you may take ________ suits you best.
A．whatever B．whichever
C．no matter what D．no matter which
[解析] B　考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：我们这儿有各种款式的服装出售，因此你可以找到最适合你的。whatever 无论什么；whichever“无论哪一个”，指在具体的范围内。whichever在这儿引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语；no matter what 和no matter which只能引导状语从句。