Unit 5

Language points
aid
First aid is the first kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.
v ～sb (in/with sth)——help sb
帮助; 援助
He aided me in business.
I aided her to continue her study.
At Christmas, many organizations aid the poor.
知识拓展
give/offer aid 援助                come to sb.'s aid 帮助某人
cut off aid （突然）终止援助        a hearing aid 助听器
teaching aids 教具                 medical aid 医疗救护
with the aid of 借助于 in aid of为了帮助
n /U/帮助; 援助
Teachers give their lessons with the aid of computers.
He raised money in aid of the sick.
(1) 经济援助
助听器
短语：
在某人的帮助下
为了帮助…
(2)
帮助某人去做….
在…事帮助某人

我助她继续做研究。

他在事业上帮助我。
economic aid
a hearing aid

with the aid of
in aid of
aid sb to do
aid sb in …

I aided her to continue her study.
He aided me in business
fall + adj. (fall 为系动词)
睡着了
清醒了

安静下来
His wife suddenly last week. 他妻子突然生病了。
She has for a week. 她已经病了一个星期。
(fall ill 不能与时间段连用)
fall asleep
fall awake
fall silent
fell ill
been ill
3.bleed vt./vi.流(出)血；(指内心)感到深切的悲伤和痛苦
；向某人榨取金钱，勒索
eg:1)If you cut your finger, it will bleed.
如果你割破手指，它会流血。
2)My heart bleeds for the victims of the air crash.
我为飞机失事的受害者感到悲痛。
3)He was bled for every penny he had.
他的钱被榨得一干二净。
4)He lay on the floor, bleeding profusely.
他躺在地板上，鲜血直流。
----思维拓展
bleed for 为... ...流血(伤心),对... ...表示同情
bleed to death 流血而死
7. get+过去分词 表被动或状态
The computer got damaged when we
were moving.
My bike is getting repaired now.
My glasses got broken while I was
playing basketball.
Peter and Mary got married last
year.
choke vt./vi./n. 使窒息，噎死，阻(堵)塞,哽住
eg:1)The polluted air from the factory almost choked me.
工厂里放出来的污染的大气呛得我几乎透不过气来。
2)At the bad news, he couldn't choke back his tears.
听到这则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。
3)The man gave a few chokes and then got his breath.
那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。
5.essential adj. 最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的
eg:1)Sun and water are essential to the growth of crops.
阳光和水是农作物生长不可缺的。
2)It is essential for us to set our study goal.
我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。
3)It is essential that you (should) win the voter's hearts.
赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。
-----当用it充当主语而用它充当表语时，that 从句的谓语
动词用should +动词原形 。
poison n./vt. 毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒
eg:1)Poisons must be put out of children's reach.
毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。
2)This matter will make some poison to the crops.
这种物质会对庄稼造成毒害。
3)Books of this kind can make poison to children.
这类书会对儿童造成毒害。
4)Heroin has poisoned a lot of people.
海洛因毒害了很多人。
5)The polluted water in the river poisoned people here.
污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。
-----poisonous adj. 有毒(害)的 eg: This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities.
3.It gives you sense of touch.
sense of honor 荣誉感             sense of values 价值观
sense of justice 正义感           sense of hunger 饥饿感
sense of responsibility 责任感    
the sixth sense 第六感 make sense 有道理;讲得通
在某种意义上 in a sense
知识拓展
So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious.
该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；从句为：as you can imagine.
as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如……”或“就象……”的意思；它所引导的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。
另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：
As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later.
正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。
4.various 不同的，各种各样的
There are various colors to choose from.
vary vi 1.～(in sth)——be different in size, volume, strength, etc(体积、容积、力量等)呈现不同
Opinions vary on this point.
2. vary ～(with sth); ～(from sth to sth)
——change , esp according to some factor改变, 变动, 变化（尤指伴随某种因素而产生）
物价随季节而变动
Prices vary with seasons.
她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉
Her mood varied from optimism to extreme depression.
variety n. 变化，多样性，种类
We all need variety in our diet.
我们都需要饮食多样化
The shopping center sells a variety of goods
a variety of+名词,谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一致
Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.
(一度烫伤或烧伤的）例子包括轻微的晒伤，以及碰到热锅、炉子或烙铁而导致的烫（烧）伤。
mild在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。
如：Edward suffered from a mild heart attack.
爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。
mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的”
如：She’s the mildest person I have ever met in my life.
她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了。
a mild climate 温暖的天气
mild cheese 淡味奶酪
3. 词语辨析:
electric

electrical

electricity
电的,发电的,由电产生的,用于导电的.
有关电的,与电有关的.
电,电力. 电力学
E.g. electric generator 发电机, electric cooker 电炉,
electric iron 电熨斗, electric engineer 电机工程师
swell vt./vi. 使膨胀，使(力量，数目等)增长，使壮大，
使隆起；膨胀，隆起，增长
1)The wind swelled the sails. 风使船帆鼓起。
2)His injured wrist began to swell (up).
他那受伤的手腕开始肿起。
3)The wind swelled into a storm.
风力渐增，终于形成一场暴风雨。
4)Never swell with pride when you make some contri-
butions. 有了贡献不要沾沾自喜。

squeeze vt./vi. 榨 ， 挤出 ， 压榨
eg:1)Those blackmailers intended to squeeze more
money out of him.那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多钱。
2)The crocodile squeezed a tear. 鳄鱼挤出了一滴眼泪。
3)He squeezed himself into a crowded bus.
他挤进拥挤的公共汽车。

Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
stick
stick sth. to sth. 粘住
Stick the glue to my fingers

stick to 坚持
stick to one’s view坚持自己的观点
over and over again over and over
time and again time and time again
again and again
I’ve told you over and over again not to do that.
这些词组都表示“反复，多次，一遍又一遍”

in place /out of place
在适当的位置／地方放的不对;合适/不合适

Yon'd better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find things.
你最好把你的东西各就各位，不然很难找。
Her dress was out of place at the ceremony.

in place of 代替，取代
12.a number of+可数名词，谓语用复数，意为“许多，大
量的... ...”，the number of +可数名词，谓语用单数，
意为“... ... 的数量”
eg:1)A number of problems have arisen.
已经出现了很多问题。
2)The number of colleges has increased in the past 10
years.在过去的十年里，大学的数量有所增加。
-----其他表示“许多，大量”的短语：
a great /good many
a large /great /good/small number of +可数名词
a good few / quite a few
many a

much
a great / good deal of
a great / large amount of +不可数名词
quite a little

a lot of / lots of
a great / large quanitity of +可数或不可数名词
large quanitities of
plenty of
present v.
Joan was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognized the bravery of the life of another.
present+ sth. +to +sb. 把某物送给某人
present + sb. +with sth. 赠送某人某物
Example:
1.赠送
老师赠送了一只钢笔给他。
2.——introduce (sb) formally 正式介绍
她把男朋友介绍给我们。
She presented her boyfriend to us.
n.——gift 礼物
adj. 作前置定语,“目前的,现在的”
作后置定语,“出席的,在场的
the present members
the members present
3.——show显示,呈现
～a smiling face显出一张笑脸
4. 描述
The characters in the novel are vividly ～ed.
小说中人物被描写得很生动
put one's hands on 找到
eg: Few of the students have put their hands on the
materials for their compositions.
没有几个学生找到适合他们作文的素材。

treat vt. / vi. /n. 治疗；对待； 款待
eg:1) treat sb. as ... 把某人当作... ... 对待
4) treat sb’s toothache 治疗某人的牙痛
5) treat sb. to /dinner/an ice-cream /a theatre
请某人吃饭(吃冰欺凌 ,看戏)
4)This is my treat.这次我请客
apply vt 涂,敷;应用;适用
1)她在脸上浓妆艳抹
She applied heavy makeup to her face.
我们应该把理论应用于实践。
2)We should apply theory to practice.
3)This rule can not be applied to every case.
vi 1.申请
apply for a job申请就业
～for a scholarship……奖学金
They applied to return to China.
2.适用
校规适用于每位学生。
School regulations apply to every student.

apply oneself to sth/ doing sth
集中精力(做事), 使(注意力等)专注于;致力于
他致力于学习法语
He applied himself to learning French.
make a difference有关系,有影响,起(重要作用)
make a( no, some, no, any, little, much) difference
(to sb/sth)
1.——have an (no, some……)effect (on sb/sth)
对某人/某事物有、没有、有些……作用或影响
1)The rain didn’t make much difference (to the game).
这场雨对比赛没多大影响
2)The sea air has made a difference to her health.
……改善了她的健康状况
2.——be important (unimportant) (to sb/sth)
对某人(某事物)重要,不重要等;要紧,不要紧等
1)对我来说,你来不来都无所谓
It makes no difference to me whether you come or not.
2)你的选择事关重大。
Your choice makes a difference.