Unit 5 First aid
Language Points
aid sb. to do sth.
with the aid of …
in aid of …
be an aid to\for …
do\give\offer first aid
1. aid n. & vt. 帮助; 援助; 资助
first aid 急救
帮助某人做某事
在……的帮助下
为帮助…
对……有帮助
进行急救
e.g. A dictionary is an aid for learning a new language.
字典对学一门新语言有帮助。
2. temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的
n. 临时工；
拓展：
temporarily adv. 暂时地；临时地
temporariness n. 临时；暂时
e.g. Save it in a temporary file and try to compile it.
将它保存在一个临时文件中，然后尝试编译它。
3. fall ill 生病
e.g. The students fall ill when the flu breaks out.
流感爆发时同学们都生病了。
fall asleep 入睡
fall off 掉下；跌落
fall for 爱上；迷恋；
上当；受骗
fall behind 落后
fall down 摔倒
fall to pieces 崩溃
fall in love (with sb.) 爱上
do sb. an injury
= do an injury to sb.
伤害某人
4. injury n. 损伤；伤害
v. 受伤
e.g. He got serious injuries to the legs while working.
他工作时腿受重伤。
hurt wound injure
You’ll hurt her feelings if you forget
her birthday.
The soldier was wounded in the arm.
He was badly injured in the accident.
Last night a terrible storm hit the area
and many people were injured.
My stomach hurts because I have eaten
too many apples.
5. bleed vi. & vt. 流血
e.g.
1) If you cut your finger, it will bleed.
如果你割破手指，它会流血。
2) My heart bleeds for the victims of the air crash.
我为飞机失事的受害者感到悲痛。
blood n. 血；血液
e.g. Blood is thicker than water.
血浓于水。
bleed for 为 ...... 流血(伤心)
对 ...... 表示同情
bleed to death 流血而死
6. choke vi. & vt. 噎住；窒息



e.g. He choked when he had lunch.
他午餐时噎住了。
choke to death 哽死
choke back 抑制；忍住（怒火，
眼泪等）
choke down 硬咽；费力地咽下
choke up 呛住；哽住；堵塞
7. swell vi. & vt. 膨胀；隆起
swollen adj. 肿胀的
e.g. As he drank more and more beer, his stomach began to swell.
由于他喝的啤酒越来越多，肚子开始鼓起来。
8. unbearable adj. 难以忍受的; 不能容忍的



e.g. He doesn’t want to learn English, which
is very unbearable.
他不想学英语，这一点不能容忍。
bearable adj. 可以忍受的；可以容忍的
bear v. 负担；容忍；忍受；生育
n. 熊
bear … in mind
= keep in mind
= learn by heart 记住；背会
9. squeeze vi. & vt. 榨; 挤; 压榨
squeeze out 榨出; 挤出
squeeze one’s way
推开别人通过; 勉强通过; 挤过
squeeze sth. from \ out of …
从……榨取; 向……勒索
squeeze sth. into …
将某物挤成 ……
e.g. He was so fat that he could only just
squeeze through the door.
他太胖了仅能挤过门。
10. over and over again
= over and over
= again and again
= time and again 反复；多次
e.g. The teacher demands that the students should read the passage over and over again.
老师要求学生应反复读课文。
11. poison vt. 毒害；使中毒
n. 毒药，毒害
poison gas 毒气
poison pen letter 匿名诽谤信
poisoner n. 下毒人
poisonous adj. 有毒的
poisoning n. 中毒；毒害
【小试】
用poison的适当形式完成下列句子。
Waste gases are ___________ the air of our cities.
2. The leaves of certain tress are ___________ to cattle.
poisonous
poisoning
1. She gave _____ (急救) to the child when he was cut by a knife .
2. He has a ___________ (暂时的) house, for he can’t afford a flat.
3. You should not _______ (生病) if you do exercise.
aid
temporary
fall ill
4. She has a serious ______ (损伤) because she has an accident.
5. They decided to _______ (毒杀) the
tiger but failed.
injury
poison
Language points
in reading text
1. … it keeps you warm or cool; it prevents
your body from losing too much water; it
is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it
gives you your sense of touch.
皮肤能保暖或御寒，保持体内水分不过多流失, 正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮肤还使你有触觉。
sense of touch 触觉
其他表示各种感觉的词还有:
sense of sight 视觉
sense of hearing 听觉
sense of taste 味觉
sense of smell 嗅觉
sense of humor 幽默感
sense of direction 方向感
sense of urgency 紧迫感
2. So as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious.
该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：So if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious；从句为：as you can imagine.
as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有“正如……”或“就象……”的意思；它所引导的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。
另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：
As you can see, if they are not properly protected, the farmlands will become desserts sooner or later.
正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。
3. Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by touching a hot pan, stove or iron for a moment.
(一度烫伤或烧伤的) 例子包括轻微的晒伤，以及碰到热锅、炉子或烙铁而导致的烫（烧）伤。
mild 在这个句子中的意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。
e.g. Edward suffered a mild heart attack.
爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。
mild 还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的” 。
She’s the mildest person I have ever met in my life.
她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了。
4. Remove clothing using scissors if
necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把
衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪
刀。
【点拨】
a. 本句的主句是祈使句 Remove clothing；
b. 在主句中，using scissors是动词-ing形
式短语作方式状语；
c. if necessary是个省略结构，其完整形
式为 _______________；
d. unless引导条件状语从句。
if it is necessary
【仿写】 ___________________________
_____________________________________________
（除非有人反对，否则我们将立刻执行这个计划。）
Unless someone is against the plan, we’ll put it into practice immediately.
stick
1) stick sth. on sth. 贴在……上
e.g. Stick a label on your suitcase.
2) stick sth. to sth. 粘住
e.g. Stick the glue to my fingers.
3) stick sth. in sth. 陷在……里
e.g. Stick the key in the mud.
你还能再列举几个这样的单词吗？
5. Cool burns immediately with cool but
not icy water.
立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水。
-y是个形容词后缀。如：
windy 有风 hilly 多小山的
sleepy 困倦的 greeny 呈绿色的
spicy 辛辣的 woody 树木茂密的
6. For second degree burns, keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water, squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.
【点拨】
a. 本句的主干为 ______________；
keep cloths cool
b. 句中有三个并列的动词-ing形式短语作
状语：putting them ..., squeezing
them ..., placing them ...；
c. until引导时间状语从句。
【翻译】
对于二级烧伤，要保持绷带布清凉。措施有：把它们放回到一盆冷水中、拧干后敷在烧伤处，如此反复一个小时左右，直到不太痛时为止。
7. Hold the bandage in place with tape.
用胶布把绷带固定。
【观察】
仔细观察in place在下列句中的含义。
1. Her room is very clean and tidy. She always puts everything in place.
2. I think what you said is not in place.
You should make an apology to him.
3. The arrangements for the evening party
this Sunday are not in place.
【点拨】
in place是介词短语，意为“____________”（句1）；“适当的，合适的”（句2）；“准备妥当”（句3）。
在适当的位置
【小试】
选用以上短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
我希望你把自己所有的书都在课桌上放
整齐。
I hope you can put all your books ________ on the desk.
in place
2. 运动会已经准备就绪，后天就要举行
了。
The arrangements for the sports meet
are __________ and it is going to
__________ the day after tomorrow.
in place
take place
与 place 相关的其他短语：
out of place 位置不当；不适当
in place of 代替；顶替
take place 发生，进行
take one’s place / take the place of sb.代替；替换
8. If the injuries are second or third degree
burns, it is vital to get the victim to the
doctor or hospital at once.
【点拨】
a. 本句是一个主从复合句；
b. 主句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是
__________________________________
______________；
c. if引导条件状语从句。
to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once
9. If burns are on arms or legs, keep
them higher than the heart, if possible.
如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，要尽
可能反手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。
上下肢被烧伤后，应将患肢抬高于心  脏，这是为了促进血液回流，防止烧  伤处出现水肿。
I. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. There are over 115 different kinds of _________ (poison) snakes in Australia.
2. Doctors in that hospital are developing a new _________ (treat) for cancer.
3. He is a _____ (mildly) person who never shouts.
poisonous
treatment
mild
Practice
4. This machine has an ____________ (electric) fault.
5. His face was ________ (swell) up with toothache.
6. If he _______ (blood) too much, his life will be in danger.
7. His foot was burned by hot water and there were several ________ (water) blisters on it.
swollen
bleeds
watery
electrical
II. 根据句意, 选择适当的单词或短语
并用其适当形式填空。
1. protect; defend
a. Taking an umbrella can _______ you from rain.
b. Schools should give children lessons on how to ________________ themselves.
protect
protect / defend
2. wound; injure; hurt
a. She was badly _____________ when she fell off her bike.
b. His leg _____ when he walks.
c. The soldier got a serious ______ in the war.
hurt / injured
wound
hurts
3. insist on; stick to
a. Once a decision has been made, all of us should _______ it.
b. They ___________ leaving that day.
c. He always ________ his promise.
sticks to
stick to
insisted on
III. 根据括号内所给的提示将下列 句子翻译成英语。
1. 他被年轻人挤出了人才市场。(squeeze out of)
2. 我一次又一次地警告过你不要再做那么傻的事。 (over and over again)
He was squeezed out of the job market by young people.
I’ve warned you over and over again not to do such silly things.
3. 用胶带固定好绷带。 (in place)

4. 风暴对庄稼没造成多大的破坏。(do damage to)
Hold the bandage in place with tape.
The storm didn’t do much damage to the crops.
5. 坚持做完一件事。 (stick to)

6. 正是那个护士的快速反应和急救知识挽救了男孩的生命。
Stick to a task until it is finished.
It was the nurse’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved the boy.