Unit 5
First Aid
Q: What accidents will we meet in our daily life?
traffic accident
drowning
bleeding
animal bite
cuts
burns
sprained
What should you do for these accidents ?
call 120
send for a doctor
before doctor’s coming , give some first aids timely
Unit 5 First aid
Warming up & Speaking
First aid is the ______________ given to someone who suddenly _______ or _________ before a doctor can be found. Often the _____ or ______ is not_______, but there are other times when giving ______________will save ________ .
first kind of help
falls ill
gets injured
illness
injury
serious
first aid quickly
one’s life
First Aid
！But ….
According to Chinese Communication Ministry, there were 760,327 traffic accidents in China last year, resulting in 106,367 deaths. 71.16% of the deaths were due to the lack of timely first aid.
First aid is important for the victims(受害者）, and necessary for us to learn about.
Quiz : First Aid Knowledge
Which person would you help first?
Li Yan who has cut her foot on glass
Xue Jin whose nose is bleeding
Gao Yuan who is on the ground not breathing
Wang Feng who has broken her arm

2. What should you do if you find a person who has stopped breathing ?
Run and find help .
Try to start his/her breathing .
3. When carrying out rescue breathing, how many times a minute should you blow air into the victim’s mouth?
A.4 B.8 C.15 D.20
4. What is the most serious type of burn?
A. first degree B. third degree
C. second degree D. all burns are serious
5. A friend took a hot pan off the fire with her bare hands. Her fingers are red and blistered and extremely painful. What should you do for her?
A. tell her to put her fingers in her mouth
B. take her to the doctor
C. put butter on her fingers and wrap then in bandages
D. put her burned fingers under cool water
6. How would you stop severe bleeding?
cover the wound with plastic
wash the wound
C. do nothing as the bleeding will stop by itself
D. put a bandage over the wound and then press on it
7. A friend is choking on a piece of food and is coughing badly. What should you do?
A. nothing B. have her lie down and rest
C. carry out rescue breathing (人工呼吸）
D. slap her four or five times on her back
8. If a friend has a nosebleed, what should
she do?
A. pinch her nose and jump up and down
B. lie down and pinch her nose
C. sit down and bend her head forward and
pinch her nose
D. sit down and bend her head backward and
pinch her nose
9. What should you do if you find a person with a knife in his / her back ?
A Leave the knife in
B Pull the knife out
10. In a medical emergency what
telephone number would you call?
A. 110 B. 114
C. 120 D. 119
How To Stop Bleeding
Discussing and learning
first you have to … then … next…
lay …down
raise…
apply pressure to ….
put
bandage (绷带) on…
How To Stop Bleeding
First ---

Second ---

Third ---
lay the person down, with the head slightly lower than the leg .
raise (举起) the person's legs above the level of the heart to reduce the blood flow.
put a bandage on the wound and apply pressure (用力压) to reduce the bleeding.
put a bandage
apply pressure to ….
raise the leg
reduce
lay …down
the head lower than …
How to Treat Sprained Ankle
sit down…
raise …
reduce swelling
put bandage around…
apply ice pack to reduce…
How To Treat Sprained Ankle

First ---

Second ---

Third ---
have the victim sit down and raise the foot.
put a bandage around the foot and ankle.
put an ice pack on the ankle to reduce the swelling.
Group work
What has happened?
What kind of first aid should you give in the following situations?
Useful Words & Expressions
snake bite: lay down / squeeze out venom(毒液) / bandage …
cuts: stop bleeding / press the wound / wash /dry / …
bloody nose: sit down / tilt(使倾斜/翘起) head forward slightly/pinch(捏/掐) the nose…
burns: cool / wash / cold water/ cover with…

First you have to … Then … Next …
You should (not)… You must (never)…
Make sure that… Never…
Please don’t…
keep calm / lay down slowly / wash the wound / cut the wound and squeeze the venom out
cool the area of skin at once , put dry clean cloth over the area of the burn
press the wound to stop bleeding / wash the area of the cut / dry it and cover it with dry clean cloth
sit down / tilt the head forward slightly / pinch the nose
Don’t forget to phone 120 and 110 when it is necessary!
Talking
Suppose your neighbour was standing on a table in the kitchen and was reaching up to the top cupboard and she fell. She hit her head badly. You are ringing the emergency number.
Please work in pairs to make a telephone conversation and perform it.
An example: An Emergency Call
Mrs Grant (G) is ringing the emergency number. Her daughter has had an accident in the kitchen and is unconscious.
The operator (O) always remains calm and speaks in moderately(适度地) slow, measured tones.
O: Emergency. Can I help you?
G: You’ve got to help me --- my daughter’s had an accident. I don’t know what to do.
O: Now calm down. Tell me your name and phone number --- slowly.
G: Ummm … Sarah Grant. Oh, you’ve got to send an ambulance now.
O: Yes, I will. Now take a deep breath and tell me your phone number.
G: Yes, yes … 6161 9486.
O: Good. Now tell me what’s happened.
G: Well, my daughter was standing on a table in the
kitchen and was reaching up to the top cupboard and she fell. Now she’s on the floor. Her leg looks strange --- maybe it’s broken. And she hit her head --- she’s unconscious. I’ve shouted at her but she won’t wake up. Oh, please hurry.
O: Yes, we will …
G: Oh thank you, thank you. Goodbye …
O: [interrupts] No, no, don’t hang up --- we need your address.
G: Oh sorry, I’m just so worried. It’s 12 Loft Street, East Horton.
O: Right. The ambulance is on its way.
G: Thanks so much. Goodbye.
O: Goodbye.
First aid is very useful and necessary in our daily life.
Giving first aid quickly will save one’s life.
Home work Making a first-aid kit
A well-stocked first-aid kit, kept in easy reach, is necessary in every home. It should include:
A first-aid kit is a box or bag of useful items and information that may be helpful in case of emergency.
Reading Unit5 First Aid for Burns
first-aid-kit
bandage
an ambulance
Lead-in
Brainstorming: What words can you think of when you talk about accidents and first aid?
Accident
First aid
illness
bleed
choke
Burn/catch fire
sprain ankle
bite
wound
poison
electric shock
… …
What has happened?
What sort of injuries the child will have?
What kind of first aid would you perform?
Pre-reading
Fast reading
What will the passage be about?

2. What do they tell you about the passage?
First aid for burns.
Causes, types, characteristics and first aid treatment for burns.
3. In which order are these topics covered in the text? Number them from 1 to 5.
____ the three types of burns
____ what to do if someone gets burned
____ the purpose of skin
____ the symptoms of burns
____ how we get burns
1
2
3
4
5
Our skin has three layers.
We will never get burned by the sun.
Burns are divided into three degrees according to the degree of pain.
Third degree burns are the most serious and painful.
Put cool water on any burns to cool them.
Don’t rub the burns
It’s better that you put some butter or oil on burns.
Tell if the following statements are true or false:
Detailed reading
1.Why should you put cold water on a burn?
2.Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt?
3.Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed?
4.If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?
Questions
Questions
1. Why should you put cold water on a burn?

2. Why doesn’t a third degree burn hurt?

3. Why do you think clothes and jewellery near burns should be removed?

4. If someone has a third degree burn, why might you see tissue?
Because the cold water stop the burning process, stop the pain and reduces the swelling.
Because in a third degree burn the nerves are damaged. If there are no nerves, there is no pain.
Because this may break any blisters and the wound may get infected.
Because these affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin.
Read the text again and then find out how many parts there are and the main idea of each part:
Part1.
Part2.

Part3.

Part4
part5
The purpose / function of skin
Causes of burns
Types of burns: First degree burns,
Second degree burns, Third degree burns
Characteristics of burns
First aid treatment
hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, chemicals

Label these pictures with first degree burn, second degree burn and third degree burn.
A_________
B_________
first degree burn
second degree burn
third degree burn
C_________
Discuss the following situations:
Sam knocked over a kettle full of boiling water onto his legs. His legs became red, swollen and covered with blisters. Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin.
2. While ironing clothes, Miss Good accidentally touched the iron. Her wrist blistered and became watery. It hurt a lot. She put her wrist under the cold water tap and then kept placing cool, clean, damp cloths on it until it was less painful. Then she went to see the doctor.
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3. Mrs Casey’s sleeve caught fire while she was cooking. Her arm looked terrible but it didn’t hurt. The skin was charred. Her husband took off her blouse and picked off bits of the blouse stuck to the burn. He then placed butter on the burn and covered it with a wet bandage.
4. After an hour in the sun, Lily noticed her arms were red and hurt a bit. She went home and put them under running water.
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Words competition
Example: p s o i o n
t e m e n t r a t
e j l l e y r w e