Grammar
过去分词
The Past Participle used as Adverbial
visiting
visited
Seeing
Seen
穿着白衣服，她看起来真美。

团结一致，我们巍然挺立；各自为政，我们一事无成。
Dressed in white, she looks really pretty.
United, we stand; divided, we fall.
过去分词作状语，一是表被动的动作，二是表动作已经完成。通常作如下几种状语：
1. When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.
Seen from the hill
1. 时间状语, 可在过去分词前加上连词when, while, until等.
2. Don’t speak until you are spoken to.
Until spoken to
2.原因状语
1. Because the boy was greatly touched by his teacher’s words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.
Greatly touched by the teacher’s words
2. As he was surprised at what happened, Tom didn’t know what to do.
Surprised at what happened
3.条件状语
1. If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
Given more time
2. If it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapour.
Heated to a high temperature
4. 让步状语
1. Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.
Though warned of the storm
2. Even if I’m invited, I won’t take part in the party.
Even if invited
5. 方式、伴随状语
1. The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students.
Followed by a group of students
2. The manager held his head high, he walked into the room.
Holding his head high
When he was asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.

If I am given more time, I’ll catch up with you.

Because he was born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.
When asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.
Given more time, I’ll catch up with you.
Born and brought up in the village, he knows a lot of people there.
(时间)
(条件)
(原因)
4.Although they had been defeated many times, they continued to fight.

5.The teacher stood there and was surrounded by the students.
Although defeated many times, they continued to fight.
The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.
(让步)
(伴随)
Exercises:
1. ____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
Followed B. Followed by
C. Being followed D. having been followed
2. There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.
followed B. following
C. to be followed D. being followed
B
B
3. The next morning she found the man ___ in bed, dead.
lying B. lie
C. lay D. laying
4. I can hardly imagine Peter ___ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
sail B. sailing
C. to sail D. to have sailed
A
B
7. ___ a reply, he decided to write again.
Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Not having received
D. Having not received
8. The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, ___ that he had enjoyed his stay here.
having added B. to add
C. adding D. added
C
C
9. Don’t get you schedule ___, stay with us in this class.
to change B. changing
C. changed D. change
10. European football is played in 80 countries, ___ it the most popular sport in the world.
making B. makes
C. made D. to make
C
A
11. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.
being tied B. having tied
C. to be tied D. tied
12. ___ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
Given B. To give
C. Giving D. Having given
D
A
13. The ___ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ___ by his naughty boy.
following, following B. followed, followed
C. following, followed D. followed, following
14. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ___ after her son and was pleased to see the boy well ___ care of in the nursery.
looked; taken B. looking; taken
C. looked; took D. looking; taking
C
B
15. ___ his head high, the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ___ then.
Holding; being held B. Held; holding
C. Having held; held D. Held; to be held
16. ___, but he still could not understand it.
Told many times
B. Having been told many times
C. He has been told many times
D. Though he had been told many times
A
C
注意: 用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语要与句子的主语保持一致, 否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语, 这种结构称为独立主格结构.
1. All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.
2. He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.