Grammar

The Noun Clauses
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句(Subject Clause)、宾语从句(Object Clause)、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 和同位语从句(Appositive Clause
Who will win the match is still unknown.

I want to know what he has told you.

The fact is that we have lost the game.

The news that we won the game is exciting.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句

1. ____ you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. Who
C. That D. Whether
2. ____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
A. What B. That
C. The fact D. The matter
练一练！
3. ____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone  B. The person
C. Whoever  D. Who
4. _____the sports meet will be held depends on the weather.
A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That
5. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There B. This
C. That D. It
6. When and why he came here ________ yet.
A . is not known　 B. are not known
C. has not known D. have not bee
7. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ________ our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space.  A. where B. what
C. that D. how
8. It worried Mary a lot _____ she would pass the college entrance examination.  A. whether B. if C. that D. how
He asked ____ for a violin．（MET1992）
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____he or she wants. (NMET1997)
A. however B. whatever
C. whichever D. whenever
3. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster ____ he had done the day before. A .that B. how C .what D. where
6. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.
A. that　B. if　C. what　D. whether
7. Does anybody know __ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
8.It depends on ____ we will be ready in time. A. whether B. that C. if D. when
What the doctors really doubt is _____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．（上海2001年春季招生） A. when B. how C. whether D. why
---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. ---- Is that ______ you had a few days off ? ( NMET1999)A. why B. what C. when D. where 
3. ____ she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. A. What; why B. That; why
C. What; because D. Why; that
同位语从句
1. 概念:
在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
2. 功能:
同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。
3. 用法:
常跟的抽象名词有: fact/ idea/reason/ thought/order/ doubt/news/hope/ truth/belief …
4. 连词
that/whether/who/ which/ what /when /where/why/how
同位语从句与定语从句区别:
1. 从词类上区别
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词,代词,主句的一部分或是整个主句。
He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon.
Word came that he had been abroad.
据说他已经出国了。
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.
我们的队赢了, 这让我们很高兴。
(定语从句)
(同位语从句)
2.从性质上区别
　 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:
The news that our team has won the game was true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)
The news that he told me yesterday was true.
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
(定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语)
3. 从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
　 有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。
如: That question whether we need it has not been considered.
我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。
(同位语从句)
引导词that引导定语从句时, 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 (指物时还可以用which代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用, 不充当任何成分, 并且不能省略, 也不能用which来代替，如:
The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.
我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。
(同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释, that虽不作成分, 但不能省略)
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.
我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组。
(定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略)
1. The fact ____ she works hard is well known to us all.  A. that B. what C. why D. which 2. The fact ____ he was successful proves his ability.  A. that B. what C. which D. why
A
A
练一练！
3. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. 　A. what B. that C. why D. when
4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be delayed was turned down.  A. which B. that C./ D. it
B
B
5. I have no idea ____ he will start. 　A. when B. that C. what D./ 6. I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow. 　A. if B. that C. whether D. which
B
A
7. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him. 　A. when B. which
C. what D. that 8. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. 　A. which B. whether
C. that D. what
D
C
9. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient's fear ____ he would die of the disease.  A. that B. as
C. of which D. which
A
10. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing. 　 A. whether B. where
C. that D. when
11. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
A
B
11. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
A. which B. that
C. what D. whether
B
13. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
14. Do you have any idea ___ is actually going on in the classroom?
A. that B. what C. as D. which
D
B
15. The news ____ he told us yesterday is not true, but the news ____ our team has won the match is true.
A. /; that
B. that; /
C. that; which
D. that; who
A
II. 判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。
① The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.
② That’s the best piece of news I’ve heard.
同
定
③ Is there any hope that he will be home at 7?
④ I’ve no hope that my parents have been expecting to me.
同
定
⑤ The possibility that you referred to doesn’t exist at all.
⑥ There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.
同
定