Reading
重要传统节庆元旦(1月1日)-------------------New Year’s Day 成人节(日本，1月15日)------------Adults Day
情人节(2月14日)---Valentine’s Day元宵节(阴历1月15日)---Lantern Festival 狂欢节（巴西，二月中下旬)---Carnival桃花节(日本女孩节，3月3日)--- Peach Flower Festival
国际妇女节(3月8日)---International Women’s Day
愚人节(4月1日)---Fool’s Day
复活节(春分月圆后第一个星期日)---Easter 国际劳动节(5月1日)---International Labour Day
男孩节(日本，5月5日)---Boy’s Day 母亲节(5月的第二个星期日)---Mother’s Day
把斋节---Bamadan开斋节(4月或5月，回历十月一日)---Lesser Bairam
银行休假日(英国, 5月31日)---Bank Holiday
国际儿童节(6月1日)---International Children’s Day
父亲节(6月的第三个星期日)---Father’s Day
端午节(阴历5月5日)---Dragon Boat Festival 仲夏节(北欧6月)---Mid-Summer Day
中秋节(阴历8月15日)---Moon Festival
教师节(中国，9月10日)---Teacher’s Day
敬老节(日本，9月15日)--- Old People’s Day
啤酒节(德国十月节，10月10日)---Oktoberfest
南瓜节(北美10月31日)---Pumpkin Day
鬼节(万圣节除夕，10月31日夜)---Halloween万圣节(11月1日)---Hallowmas 感恩节(美国，11月最后一个星期4)----Thanksgiving
护士节(12月12日)---Nurse day 圣诞除夕(12月24日)---Christmas eve
圣诞节(12月25日)---Christmas day
节礼日(12月26日)---Boxing day 新年除夕(12月31日)---New Year’s Eve
春节(阴历一月一日)--- Spring Festival
Pre-reading
1. What is your favourite holiday of the year? Why?
2. What festivals or celebrations do you enjoy in your city or town? Do you like spending festivals with your family or with friends? What part of a festival do you like best-the music, the things to see, the visits or the food?
Reading
New words:
starve: cause to suffer or die from hunger
satisfy: give sb. what he wants or needs
arrival: the act of arriving
origin: a starting point
trick: a stupid or childish act
gain: obtain
admire: look at with pleasure or satisfaction
energetic: full of energy; active
What festivals are mentioned in each paragraph?
P1. Ancient festivals
celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn; celebrate when hunters catch animals.
Fast reading
P 2. Festivals of the Dead
Japan -----Obon
Mexico------Day of the Dead
America------Halloween
P 3. Festivals to Honour People
Dragon Boat Festival
Columbus Day
(India)October 2
P 4. Harvest Festivals
Harvest and Thanksgiving Festival
Mid-Autumn festival
P 5.
Spring festival
Carnival
Easter
Cheery Blossom Festival
Obon（盂兰盆） in Japan
Halloween (万圣节)
Dragon Boat Festival
屈原故里
Columbus Day
Harvest Festivals

Comprehending
1. When did ancient people celebrate?
2. What are festivals of the dead for?
3. Why does India have a national festival on October 2?
4. Why are autumn festivals happy events?
5. Name three things people do at spring festivals.
6. What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations?
Comprehending
1. When did ancient people celebrate?
They would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn and hunters’ catching animals.
2. What are festivals of the dead for?
They are held to honor the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors.
3. Why does India have a national festival on October 2?
India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.
4. Why are autumn festivals happy events?
People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter, and because a season of agricultural work is over.
5. Name three things people do at spring festivals.
Eating dumplings, fish and meat; giving children lucky money in red paper; dancing and singing.
6. What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations?
Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
Intensive reading
True or False
1. The ancient people needn’t worry about their food.
2. Halloween used to be a festival intended to honor the dead.
F
T
3. Qu Yuan was a great poet who people honor a lot in China.
4. Mid-autumn Festival is held to celebrate the end of autumn.
5. Easter celebrates the birth of Jesus.
T
F
F
Explanation
1. Festival are meant to celebrate important events.
节日就是庆祝重要事件的活动。
mean 的用法
1). mean doing sth.
mean doing sth. 的意思是“意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。
2). mean to do sth.
mean to do sth. 的意思是“打算或企图做某事”，其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，其过去完成式表示“本来打算做某事”。
3). mean sb. to do sth.
mean sb. to do sth. 的意思是“打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被动结构。
4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句
　 mean 后接名词或副词，意为“表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示……”。
5). be meant for
该短语的意思是“打算给予；打算作……用”。
In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.
A. waiting B. to wait
C. wait D. to be waiting
句意为：在伦敦的一些地方，错过一班公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。
A
想一想
2. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and one thing that people do at that time.
讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进行，庆祝的是什么事件，并说出人们在那天所做的一件事。
take place 发生；举行
① The performance didn’t take place after all.
演出终于没有进行。
② Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?
事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？
与place相关短语：
Great changes ___ in the rural areas in the last two decades.
A. have taken place
B. took place
C. have been taken place
D. are happening
A
take place 不能用于被动语态中，句中短语 in the last two decades 可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。
3. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere.
世界各地都有各种各样的节日庆典。
of all kinds 各种各样的
【归纳】
① That kind of question is very difficult to answer.
= Questions of that kind are difficult to answer.
那类问题是很难解答的。
② We sell all kinds of shoes.
= We sell shoes of all kinds.
我们卖各式各样的鞋。
③ You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo.
= You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo.
你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。
Practice
① Books of this kind ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
② This kind of books ____ (sell) well in the bookstore.
①句中谓语动词的单复数由“books”确定。②句中的谓语动词由“kind”确定。
（用动词的适当形式填空）
sell
sells
4. They would starve if food was difficult to find, ...
如果食物难找到, 他们会挨饿。
starve v. 挨饿; 饿死
He said he would starve rather than beg for food.
他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。
starve to death 饿死
5. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty.
plenty n. 富裕
days/years/...of plenty 富裕的日子/年月
You have a life of plenty, what would you be worried about?
plenty pron. 大量; 充足
plenty of可修饰可数名词和不可数名词, 用于陈述句, 在疑问句中一般用enough, 在否定句中用many或者much。小心在plenty of前面没有冠词, 不可误记成a plenty of。
如: You needn’t hurry. There is plenty of time left.
你不必慌忙, 剩下的时间很充足。
    Taking plenty of exercise every day keeps you healthy.
每天多运动会使你身体健康。
6. ...or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.
......取悦祖先, 使他们得到满足,以为(祖先们)有可能回来帮助他们,也有可能带来危害。
1) satisfy vt. 满足,使…满意; satisfy sb.
satisfied a. 感到满意的; be satisfied with
satisfying a. 令人愉快的
satisfaction n. 满意; to one’s satisfaction
satisfactorily ad. 满意地
satisfactory a. 令人满意的
She bought a satisfactory computer—it’s cheap and of high quality.
她买的电脑很令人满意, 既便宜, 质量又好。
辨析 satisfactory, satisfied, satisfying
satisfactory, 指客观的事物或主观的表现达到要求而令人满意, 主语一般用
客体。
satisfied指主体对事物或表现感到满意, 主语是主体(人)
如:She is satisfied with the service.
她对该项服务感到满意。
satisfying: giving pleasure令人愉快, 主语是不定式, 常用于句型:
It’s satisfying to do sth.
做…...使人满意
如:It’s satisfying to learn the success of his son in job-hunting.得知儿子找到工作,令他非常高兴。
2) harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可,有时可指引起不安或不便,还可用于抽象事物,尤其是指不道德的事情。
如:Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light.
不要在昏暗的灯光下看书, 以免损害眼睛。
hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的
区别与用法
hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害,
也可精神上, 感情上的伤害。
如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident.
那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。
injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而
injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等,
强调功能的损失。
如:He injured his hand while playing basketball.
他在打篮球时手受了伤。
damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。如：
Several cars were damaged in the accident.
好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。
wound 指枪伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。如:
  The bullet wounded his left leg.
子弹打伤了他的左腿。
7. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead.
万圣节前夕的盛会也是源自纪念亡者的祭事。
origin n. 起源；源头
the origins of the life on earth
地球上生命的起源。
in memory of/ to the memory of sb.
纪念某人
The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.
这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。
8. They dress up and try to frighten people.
他们乔装打扮去吓唬人。
dress作及物动词时, 不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的句词或代词, 意思是“给…穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词, 如：
Wake up children and dress them.
唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。
　dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语, 前者表示 动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词in. 如：
Harry up and get dressed.
快点穿上衣服。
The girl was dressed in red.
这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。
　dress up是“穿上最好的衣服”, 常指
“打扮,化装”，如:
　You should dress up when you take part in the party.
She is ___ in red today and looks very beautiful.
A. wearing
B. having on
C. dressing
D. dressed
D. dressed
9. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruit and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.
award. n. 奖, 奖品
v. 判给, 授予award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物
辨析: award 和reward：
award后接双宾语
award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章
reward 奖赏, 给…报酬, 不能接双宾语;
reward sb. for sth. 因 …奖赏某人；
reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人
She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.
一上午的刻苦学习后, 她冲一杯咖啡来奖赏自己。
10. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gifts of mooncakes.
在中国和日本都有中秋节, 这时人们会赏月, 并互赠月饼。
admire v. 意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”
注意: 表示“在某方面钦佩某人”用“admire sb. for sth.”
We all admire him for his courage and bravery.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
11. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
最富有生气而有最重要的节日就是告别冬天迎来春天的日子。
look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 而不是动词不定式符号。
Boys and girls are looking forward to Spring Festival.
孩子们渴盼着过年。
He’s looking forward