Festivals around the world
Unit 1
第一课时　Warming up & Reading
Unit 1
Ⅰ.单词速记
1．________(n. & vt. & vi.)收获；收割
2．________(v.)(使)饿死；饿得要死
3．________(adj.)宗教上的；信奉宗教的
4．________(n.)信任；信心；信仰
5．________(vt.)获得；得到
6．________(vt.& vi.& n．)搜集；集合；聚集
7．________(n.)奖；奖品(vt.)授予；判定
8．________(vt.)钦佩；赞美；羡慕
harvest
starve
religious
belief
gain
gather
award
admire
9．________ (n.)美；美人→________(adj.)美丽的，美好的→beautify(v.)美化
10．__________(n.)庆祝；祝贺→celebrate(v.)庆祝；祝贺
11．independence(n.)独立；自主→_____________(adj.)独立的；自主的
12．__________(n.)农业；农艺；农学→agricultural(adj.)农业的；农艺的
13．________(adj.)充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的→energy(n.)能量；精力；活力
beauty
beautiful
celebration
independent
agriculture
energetic
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．take place　　_______
2．in memory of ________________
3．dress up ________________
4．play a trick on ________________
5．期望；期待 ________________
6．日夜，昼夜 ________________
7．好像 ________________
8．玩得开心 ________________
发生
纪念；追念
盛装；打扮；装饰
搞恶作剧，开玩笑
look forward to
day and night
as though
have fun with
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．讨论它们是什么时间举行，庆祝什么，那个时候人们在做什么。
Discuss ______________，______________ and what people do at that time.(when，what引导宾语从句)
2．有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。
Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，who might return ______________________________.
(either...or...要么……要么……；或者……或者……)
3．在这个重要的节庆日子里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。
On this important feast day，people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes__________________.(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
答案：1.when they take place; what they celebrate　2.either to help or to do harm　3.with “bones” on them
Ⅳ.课文理解
Step 1　Fast Reading
Scan the passage and then choose the best answers according to the passage.
1. Most ancient festivals were held in order to________.
A．celebrate the end of cold weather
B．celebrate harvest in autumn
C．celebrate planting in spring
D．all of the above
2．In which country do people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November?
A．Japan. 　　　　　 B．Mexico.
C．America. D．India.
3. What is Columbus Day in the USA for?
A．In memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World.
B．In order to satisfy their ancestors.
C．In order to offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.
D．In order to celebrate the return of Jesus from the dead.
4. The biggest difference between the Chinese Spring Festival and Easter in Christian countries lies in ________ functions.
A．cultural B．political
C．religious D．educational
5．Which of the following festivals is to honour the dead?
A．Obon.
B．Mid­Autumn Festival.
C．Easter.
D．Cherry Blossom Festival.
Step 2　Careful Reading
1．Read the passage and write down the main idea of it.
The text mainly tells us about some of today's festivals.
There are three kinds of festival.
Some are ________， some are ________ and some are for________.
2．What is one important reason for us to have festivals
and celebrations?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Step 3　Summary
Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks.
Festivals and celebrations have been held everywhere since ancient times. There are all kinds of celebrations throughout the world. Today's festivals have many origins, some 1.________， some seasonal, and some for 2.________.
Different countries have different festivals. Festivals of the dead are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the 3. ________. Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. In China, the 4.________Festival honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. The most energetic and important festival is 5.________， which looks forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat such things as 6.________， fish, and meat and give children 7.________in red paper. Some Western countries have very exciting 8.________， which take place forty days before Easter, usually in 9.________. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our 10.________ and forget our work for a little while.
Step 4　Discussion
Should we, Chinese students, celebrate Western festivals like Christmas? Why or why not?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
答案：Step 1　1～5　DBACA
Step 2　1.religious; seasonal; special people or events
2．We can enjoy life/be proud of our customs/forget our work for a little while.
Step 3　1.religious　2.special people or events
3．ancestors　4.Dragon Boat　5.the Spring Festival
6．dumplings　7.lucky money　8.carnivals　9.February
10．customs
Step 4　Yes. We can share our happiness with each other and increase mutual understanding by celebrating western festivals.Meanwhile, we can learn more about western culture.
1.starve
(1)v. (使人)挨饿，饿死
①She's starving herself to try to lose weight.
她正在用节食的方法减轻体重。
②These animals will starve to death if not given food soon.
这些动物不赶快喂些食物就会饿死。
(2)v. 缺乏……的；急需……的
①She's lonely, and starving for friendship.
她很寂寞，渴望友谊。
②The patients are starved of/starving for medicine.
这些病人急需用药。
归纳拓展
(1)starve to death 饿死
starve for sth. 渴望获得某物；缺乏
starve to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)starvation n. 饿死
starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资
名师点拨
long for sth.渴望某物
long to do sth.渴望做某事
be eager for sth.渴望某物
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
be dying for sth.渴望某物
be dying to do sth.渴望做某事
活学活用
完成句子
①他们宁愿饿死也不向敌人妥协。
They would rather ________________ give way to the enemy.
②他们迫切需要实际工作的经验。
They ________________ the experience of practical work.
答案：①starve than　②starve for
2．belief n. 信任；信心；信仰
①More and more people have much belief in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.
越来越多的人信任中医。
②I think he failed for lack of belief in himself.
我认为他由于缺乏自信而失败。
③She is a woman with strong religious beliefs.
她是一个有强烈宗教信仰的妇女。
归纳拓展
(1)have belief in 相信；对……有信心
beyond belief 不可信；难以置信
in the belief＋that从句 相信……
(2)believe vt. 相信；认为；猜想
believe in 相信……的存在；信任；信赖
believe it or not 信不信由你
①His story is beyond belief.
他的故事令人难以置信。
②He came to me in the belief that I could help him.
他到我这里来，因为相信我能帮助他。
③I can believe him, but I cannot believe in him.
我可以信其言，但不能信其人。
活学活用
根据提示完成句子。
①I__________________his honesty.(belief)
我不太相信他的诚实。
②He did it __________________ he was right.(belief)
他这么做是因为他坚信自己是对的。
③Some of the reports about him _____________.(belief)
有关他的一些传闻叫人难以相信。
④__________________，the famous singer will come to our town to give performances soon.(believe)
信不信由你，那位著名歌手很快会来我们的小镇进行表演。
单项填空。
⑤(2014·淄博市高一下学期期末)Charles Darwin explained the ________ of species on earth in his book that came out in 1859.
A．ancestor B．origin
C．belief D．custom
答案：①haven't much belief in　②in the belief that　
③are beyond belief　④Believe it or not
⑤B　句意：查理斯达尔文在他1859年出版的书中解释了物种起源。四个选项的含义分别是：A. ancestor 祖先，B. origin起源，出生，C. belief 信念，D. custom风俗，所以选B。
3．gain
(a)vt. 获得；得到；获益
①Zou Shiming wanted to gain a world professional boxing title.
邹市明想获得一个世界级的专业拳击头衔。
②You can only gain by further study.
只有更进一步地学习，你才能提高。
③During the Spring Festival，she gained much weight.
春节期间，她体重增加了很多。
(b)n. 获益
He only seems to be interested in personal gain.
他似乎只在乎个人的收益。
归纳拓展
(1)gain sth.获得某物
gain by/from...从……获益
gain weight＝put on weight增加体重
(2)No pains，no gains.不劳无获。
活学活用
完成句子。
①They __________________ this experiment.
在这次实验中，他们收获很大。
②In the 1970s her works began to__________________.
在二十世纪七十年代，她的作品开始赢得国际名誉。
③Increase of wealth is __________________ to one's happiness.
财富的增加并非总是幸福的增加。
答案：①gained greatly from　②gain international fame　③not always a gain
4．gather vt.& vi.搜集；集合；聚集
①People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.
人们都心怀感激，因为他们过冬的粮食被收集起来了，而且农活结束了。
②We'll gather at the Students'Club at 8 p．m. this Friday, after the evening classes.
这个周五的晚上8点，晚课之后我们将在学生俱乐部集合。
③She has mainly gathered her medical experience from practice.
她主要是从实践中积累了医疗经验。
④With their help，we were able to gather in the summer crops in time.
通过他们的帮助，我们才能够及时做好了夏粮入仓。
归纳拓展
gather from从……收获
gather in收，收贮；聚拢
gather round/around围拢
名师点拨
(1)gather有“聚集在一起”的含义，不与together连用。
(2)表示“两个人聚在一起”时不能用gather，应用get together。
易混辨析
活学活用
判断正误(T/F)。
两个朋友最终聚集到一起。
①The two friends gathered together.(　　)
②The two friends got together.(　　)
根据句意填入恰当的介、副词。
③They all gathered ________ the student whose mother was ill in hospital.
他们都围拢在那个母亲生病住院的学生周围。
④Mother had gathered ________ all washed clothes before it rained.
妈妈刚把所有洗的衣服收起来就下雨了。
⑤I could gather nothing ________ their statement.
从他们的声明中我了解不到任何东西。
答案：①F　②T　③round　④in　⑤from
5．award
(1) n．奖；奖品；奖状；奖金
Mo Yan received a great award given by the Nobel Prize Committee.
莫言获得了诺贝尔奖委员会颁发的大奖。
(2)vt. 授予；奖励；判给；颁奖，授奖
①She was awarded a medal for bravery.
她因勇敢而获得奖章。
②They awarded John the first prize.
他们授予约翰一等奖。
归纳拓展
(1)win/receive an award/awards赢得/得到奖励
(2)award sb.for sth.因某事奖励某人
award sb.sth./award sth.to sb.授予某人某物
易混辨析
活学活用
根据句意用award的适当词性填空。
①She was accepted by the famous university，where she __________________ a medical degree.
她被一所有名的大学录取，在那里她被授予了医学学位。
②The company received __________________ for various reasons.
这家公司因各种理由而得到奖赏。
句型转换。
③They awarded the winner the first prize.
＝They ________ the winner.
他们授予胜出者一等奖。
单项填空。
④(2014·临沂高一检测)Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was ________ with a magnificent view.
A．awarded B．admired
C．rewarded D．impressed
答案：①was awarded　②awards　③awarded the first prize to
④C　考查动词辨析。句意：任何一个登上泰山之巅的人，都会欣赏到壮丽的风景。be rewarded with sth.受到……的报酬。
6．admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕
①China and Japan have mid­autumn festivals，when people admire the moon and in China，enjoy mooncakes.
中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月，在中国人们还品尝月饼。
②Having been an immigrant(移民)myself, I admire people who go overseas to find a job.
作为一名移民，我很羡慕那些去海外寻找工作的人们。
归纳拓展
(1)admire sb.for sth.因某事而钦佩某人
(2)admiration n．钦佩；羡慕
with/in admiration钦佩地
express/have admiration for sb.钦佩某人
(3)admirer n．赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者
巧学助记
情景巧记admire
The admirers admired their idol for his excellent painting, which they enjoyed with/in admiration，and because of having admiration for him，they often sent emails to him.
这些羡慕者因他的出色的油画而钦佩他们的偶像。他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的油画。因为钦佩他，他们经常给他发邮件。
名师点拨
admire后不可接that从句作宾语或双宾语。
[误]She admired him his poems.
[正]She admi