名 词
中考英语总复习
名词{
专有名词（如：Tom、China、 the United States)
可数名词{
普通名词
{
物质名词(如： water水)

抽象名词(如:happiness)
个体名词(如：teacher教师)

集体名词(如：police警察)
不可数名词{
名词的定义：表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的词。
一、专有名词
1.表示人名 如：Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao
2.表示地名:如: China USA England Beijing
3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：
Sunday Monday Tuesday January February
4.表示中外节日：
国际性节日:New Year May Day Children’s Day
Women’s Day Teachers’ Day
中国节日: Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day
National Day
西方节日: Christmas Day Easter(复活节）Father’s Day
Mother’s Day Saint Valentine’s Day(情人节)
5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如:
CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC
二、不可数名词
一、不可数名词 数量的表达法：
通过使用量词的方法来表示不可数名词的量
a bottle of water---two bottles of water
a piece of bread---three pieces of bread
表示不可数名词量的相关词语还有：some,
a lot of , lots of，much, a little , little, ……
巩固练习:
(1 )一茶杯茶 （2）一块冰
（3）一条面包 （4）五瓶橘汁
（5）一磅糖 （6）许多杯牛奶
二、既可做不可数名词，又可做可数名词的：
不可数名词 可数名词
paper 纸 a paper
glass 玻璃 a glass
iron 铁 a iron
room 空间 a room
chicken 鸡肉 a chicken
beauty 美 a beauty
一张报纸
一个玻璃杯
一个熨斗
一个房间
一只小鸡
一个美人
cap---caps desk-desks

三、可数名词的复数形式
规则变化
A.绝大多数名词的复数形式在单数形式后加-S
B.以字母s 、x、ch、 sh 结尾的名词在其后加-es
bus---buses box---boxes
C.(1)以辅音字母+ y结尾的名词需把y 变为i再加-es
story—stories
(2)以元音字母+ y结尾的名词在后面直接加-s
day—days

D.以e结尾的名词加-S
Page---pages
Rose---roses
Prize---prizes
PK time I
task---
watch---
dish---
star---
boy---
stomach---
class---
tasks
watches
dishes
stars
boys
stomaches
classes
PK time I
baby—
house---
country—
party—
toy---
exercise---
mouth--
babies
houses
countries
parties
toys
exercises
mouths
E.以-f 或-fe结尾的可数名词,先将 f 或fe 变成 v 再加-es
妻子 拿刀 去宰狼
wife knife wolf
wives knives wolves
小偷吓得发了慌
躲在架 后保 己 命

半片树叶遮目光
thief-thieves
shelf---shelves
life—lives
self-selves
half-halves
leaf---leaves
F.（1）以元音字母+o结尾的名词，以及某些以 o结尾的 外来词，变为复数时只加-S
radio—radios
（ 2）以辅音字母+o结尾的名词变为复数时多数加-es
potato---potatoes hero---heroes tomato—tomatoes
黑人 英雄 爱吃土豆 西红柿
Negro hero potato tomato
PK time Ⅱ
zoo
thief
piano
leaf
zero
roof
tomato
hero
zoos
thieves
pianos
leaves
zeros
roofs
tomatoes
heroes
不规则变化
特殊变化：
单复同形
man policeman
woman foot tooth mouse child  ox 
sheep  fish  deer 
Chinese  Japanese 
men
policemen
women
feet
teeth
mice
children
oxen
3. 表示“某国人”的名词，其变化有三种情况
a Japanese  five Japanese ( e.g Chinese )
a Frenchman  two Frenchmen
( e.g Englishman Englishwoman fisherman
policeman Frenchwoman )
a German  five Germans
( e.g Russian American Indian Italian Korean )
4. 常以复数形式出现的名词
trousers glasses socks clothes woods thanks
news goods politics physics maths
口诀：中日不变英法变，其余后面s站
5. 复合名词的复数形式
a. 将主体名词变为复数
e.g a boy student
a flower shop
an apple tree
b. 当名词的第一个构成部分为man, woman时，
将2个构成部分均变为复数
e.g a woman teacher 
a man nurse 
boy students
flower shops
apple trees
women teachers
men nurses
四、名词的所有格
Tom的书

房间的窗户?
Tom's book.

window of the room
Mike’s bag
麦克的包
男孩的小刀
教师节
儿童节
妇女节
有生命名词
the boy’s knife
Teachers’ Day
Children’s Day
Women’s Day
有生命的名词{
不以s结尾的仍加’s
单数名词后加’s
复数名词
{
以s结尾的名词只加’
the legs of the chair
椅子腿
房间里的桌子
北京最好的公园
今天的作业
中国的城市
2小时步行路程
无生命名词
Beijing’s best park
today’s homework
China’s cities
the tables of the room
two hours’ walk
无生命的名词{
用of
时间、国家、距离除外
四、名词的所有格
1. 各自所有都加’s;
两者共有’s加后
e.g 珍妮的房间和海伦的房间
珍妮和海伦的房间
Jenny and Helen’s room
Jenny’s and Helen’s rooms
2. 表示某人的家、店铺、诊所时，常省略所有格 后面的名词
e.g: at my uncle’s = at my uncle’s home
at the butcher’s=at the butcher’s shop
双重所有格
我父亲的朋友中的一个
a friend of my father’s
my teacher’s office
1 我老师的办公室

2 学生们的练习本

3 今天的报纸

4 十五分钟的路程

5 到汤姆家去
Practice
to Tom’s
15 minutes’ walk
today’s newspaper
students’ exercise books
7 广东的省会
8 教室的门
9 我父亲的一个朋友
10 他的两个兄弟
11 他弟弟的一张照片(照片属于他弟弟)
12 他弟弟的一张照片(照片里的人是他弟)
the capital of Guangdong
the doors of the classroom
a friend of my father (’s)
two brothers of his
a picture of his brother’s
a picture of his brother
主谓一致
当class, family, team, group, public 等集体名词做主语时，如果看成一个整体，动词就用单数;看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。
e.g The class____ waiting for her.
Tom’s family _____ very big.
Tom’s family _________ film fans.
is
are
news, maths, politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。
e.g The news ________her very happy.
Maths ___ not easy for him.
is
are
makes
3.像goods, chopsticks, shoes, glasses,clothes trousers等表示复数含义的词，动词用复数。
e.g :The shoes ___ hers.
但是:
A pair of glasses _____ on the table.
Two pairs of glasses ______ on the table.
is
are
are
police,people(人们),youth(青年们)只有单数形式，但表示复数意义，动词用复数。
e.g The police are gathering in the street.
The Chinese people _____ peace.
love
但是: people当“民族”，youth当“男青年”讲时，有单复数之分
He is a youth of 20.
Many English-speaking peoples _____ this book.
like
5.像deer、sheep等单复同形的词，动词单复根据具体情况定
A deer is over there in the field.
A group of deer ______ over there in the field.
are
–Are there any _____ on the hill?
–Yes, there are some.
A. house B. sheep C. animal D. horse
2. You can put your schoolbags on ___ desk.
A. Lily and Lucy B. Lily’s and Lucy
C. Lily and Lucy’s D. Lily’s and Lucy’s
3. ___ is always on December 25 every year.
A. April Fool’s time B. Tree Planting Day
C. Christmas Day D. New Year’s Day
4. We haven’t any ___ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some coke and orange juice.
A. vegetables B. fruit C. drink D. food
5. –What always goes up but never comes down?
--_____.
A. Age B. Water C. Air D. Temperature
Look! Those three __________(Englishman) are talking with three __________(German).
We can see a lot of _________(sheep) at the foot of the hill, but we can’t see any __________(people) there.
Now we can get much _____________(information) through the Internet.
Englishmen
Germans
sheep
people
information
4. –Where’s your brother?
--At ____________(Mr. Smith).
5. Those _______________(woman teacher) are all very popular in that school.
6. In the flood (洪水) many children lost their ________(life).
7. September 10th is _________(teacher) Day.
8. Lucy and Lily are good friends of __________(her).
Mr. Smith’s
women teachers
lives
Teachers’
hers