形容词与副词
中考英语总复习
I. 形容词(adj.)的功能及位置
Suzhou is an attractive city. When going sightseeing, you can always find something beautiful there.
The new scarf looks beautiful and feels soft.
There is a small yellow wooden desk in the room.

Summary:
1.形容词用来修饰_____________,在句中常用作
_________, _________和 _________________.
感官动词用作“系动词”时，其后用________做表语。
2.形容词做定语修饰名词时，通常放在名词的_____________,修饰不定代词时则要放在不定代词
的____________________.
3. 两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，其顺序规律为限(县)、官、形(行)、龄(令)、色（各）、国、材（采）、用。 “限”为限定词(冠词，代词，数词等) “官”(感官形容词或一般描绘性形容词，如：
beautiful、nice) “形”(形状，大小)， “龄”(新旧，年龄)， “色”(颜色)， “国”(国籍)， “材”(材料)。 “用”用途a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car
Ⅱ.副词(adv.)的功能及位置
This is an easy question, so I think every student can
work it out easily.
What I said made my father really angry, and he let
me out!
Jack works really hard. He always listens to the teacher carefully in class. Sometimes when he meets problems, he goes to the teacher for help. That’s why he always comes top in the exam!
1.副词用来修饰_________, _________ 或整个句子。
2.副词按其意思和作用不同可分为时间副词，地点
副词，方式副词，程度副词，频度副词,连接副
词，关系副词等，多在句中做______________。
3.副词也可做表语和宾语补足语。
4.副词在句中的位置比较灵活，特别注意以下几
点：
副词修饰形容词或其它副词时，要放在被修饰词
前面，但enough例外。
The boy is old enough to look after himself.
频度副词通常放在be 之后，do 之前，两动词之
间。
I have never been a volunteer before.
地点状语通常放在时间状语之前。
He took part in the competition in Poland in 2003.
疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词通常放在句子或从句的前面。
Could you tell me how I can get to the nearest bank?
形容词和副词的级别
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：

原级 比较级 最高级
请你观察：形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律

long longer longest
nice nicer nicest
big bigger biggest
early earlier earliest
interesting more interesting most interesting
carefully more carefully most carefully
friendly more friendly most friendly
friendlier friendliest
good better best
many/much more most
原级
比较级
最高级
请你总结：形容词和副词比较等级构成的规律
一. 规则变化：
1.单音节和部分双音节词,在词尾直接加-er,-est
2.以字母e结尾的,加-r,-st
3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母，
双写此字母,再加-er,est
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，把y变成i，再加-
er,est
5.多音节词和大部分双音节词,在词的前面加more
或most
6.有些双音节词既可用more,most形式，又可用-
er,-est形式
二. 不规则变化
需特别注意的形容词或副词的比较级和最高级变化
near
clear
thin
hot
funny
happy
healthy
lively
quiet
clever
nearer nearest
thinner thinnest
hotter hottest
funnier funniest
happier happiest
clearer clearest
healthier healthiest
livelier liveliest
cleverer cleverest
more clever most clever
quieter quietest
温馨提示：
类似 slowly, quickly 这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅
音字母加y结尾，但这里的 -ly 是表示副词的后缀，因
此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加more和most。

2. 英语中有一类表语形容词，它指的是那些只用于连
系动词后作表语，而不能用于名词前作定语的形容词
主要有以下两类：
某些以a-开头的形容词
afraid 害怕的 alive 活着的 alone 单独的
asleep 睡着的 awake 醒着的 alike 相似的
若要用作定语且具有以上意义，可改用其他形容词：
误：an asleep child， an ashamed girl， an alive poet
正：a sleeping child， a shy girl， a living poet
某些表示健康的形容词
fine 健康的　ill 有病的　well 身体健康的
形容词和副词原级的用法：
2. … as + 原级 + as … “……和……一样”
You are as tall as me. = You are as tall as I (am).
He has as many books as I (have).
This computer runs as fast as that one.
3.… not as(so) + 原级 + as … “……不如/没有……”
This jacket is not as(so) cheap as that one.
She has not as(so) many books as I have.
Henry doesn’t study as(so) hard as his elder brother.
注：as在这里既可作介词又可作连词。作介词时，后接人称代词的宾格。作连词时，后接一个省略的比较状语从句。
用来直接描述人物或动作。
John is a tall boy. Rabbits run fast.
Our country is beautiful and strong.
形容词和副词比较级的用法：
1. … 比较级 + than … “……比……更……”
You are taller than me. = You are taller than I (am).
I don’t think his writing is more beautiful than yours.
3. 比较级 + and + 比较级 “越来越……”
The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
Our school is getting more and more beautiful.
4. the + 比较级…,the + 比较级… “越……,越……”
The more exercise you do, the healthier you will become.
2. 比较级 ( 特殊疑问句)，… or …? “哪个更……?”
Which is longer, this one or that one?
5. 可修饰比较级的副词有：much, a lot, far, a little,
a bit, even, still, any等
6. the+比较级可表达一个名词的概念：两者中较… 的一个
形容词和副词最高级的用法：
…the + 最高级 + (名词) + 表示范围的短语或从句
“……是最……”
Bob is the tallest boy in our school.
He is the kindest man that I have ever met.
Li Tao jumps (the) farthest of all.
She is the most careful student of us three.
4.…one of the+最高级(形)+名词(复)+表示范围的短语
“……是……当中最……之一”
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
注:形容词最高级前一般要加the,副词最高级前可加可不加
3.最高级 ( 特殊疑问句)，…，… or …? “哪个更……?”
Who is the youngest, Jim, Tom or Jenny?
2. …the second(third …)+最高级+(名词)+ 表示范围
的短语 “……是第二(三……)……”
The Chongming Island is the third biggest island in China.
原级、比较级、最高级之间可以相互转换：
他是班里最高的。
Correct the mistakes:
Mary’s hair is longer than my sister.
The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai.
The apples in this basket are better than them in that basket.
The Changjiang River is longer than any river in China.
China is larger than any other country in Europe.
His older brother is elder than I.
Our country is getting more beautiful and more beautiful.
This classroom is three times as bigger as that one.
Who is tallest student in our school?
Which do you like better, apples, bananas or pears?
_______
my sister’s
__________
that …
____
those
___
any other
________
any
____
elder
____
older
_____________________
more and more
_____
big
_____
the tallest
_____
(the) best
Correct the mistakes:
11. This box is more heavier than that one.
12. Tom is the youngest in the three.
13. He is taller of the two.
14. Today is our the busiest day.
15. I think math is very more difficult than Chinese.
16. There are much more people in the street than usual.
17. Mike is so tall as Jack.
18. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim jumped.
19. The Yellow River is the second longer river in China.
20. We must get farther information.
___________
heavier
__
of
____
the taller
______
our
____
much
_____
many
__
as
______
(did)
_____
longest
______
further
用括号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空:
This horse is very ________ (strong), but that horse is
much _________ (strong) than this one.
It’s so late, so I drive the car ___________(slowly) than
usual.
3. He went ______________(far) than the other explorers.
4. The ____(little) you eat, the _________(thin) you are.
5. The Beijing Library is one of __________(big) libraries
in China.
6. The street is as _______(long) as that one, but it is_____
(wide) than that one.
7. His drawing isn’t so _______(good) as yours.
8. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it
becomes __________(small) and __________(small).
9. This piano is ______________(expensive) than the other
two. It is __________________(expensive) of the three.
10. Which is ________________(difficult), English, physics
or biology?
strong
stronger
less
farther/further
long
smaller
more expensive
the most difficult
more slowly
good
the biggest
wider
smaller
the most expensive
thinner
合并句子，每空一词：
Lucy is 8 years old. Lily is 8 years old, too.
Lucy is ______ ______ ______ Lily.
2. Danny is 15. Jenny is 12.
Jenny is ______ ______ __________ than Danny.
3. Jim jumps 2 metres high. Tom jumps 3 metres high.
Tom jumps ________ _______ Jim.
4. Jenny jumps far.
Brain jumps farther than Jenny.
Danny jumps farther than Brain.
Danny jumps ________ _______ the three.
5. A car runs 150 kilometres per hour.
A bike runs 50 kilometres per hour.
A car runs ______ _______ ______ ______ as a bike.
A car runs _____ _______ than a bike
higher than
farthest of
three times as fast
as older as
faster
twice
three years younger
同义句转换，每空一词：
1. Mike is not so/as tall as Jack.
Jack is ________ ________ Mike.
2. He is the youngest in his class.
He is younger than _____ _______ _______ in his class.
He is younger than ______ ______ ________ in his class.
3. The cheetah is faster than any other animal in the world.
The cheetah is ____ ________ animal in the world. (同上)
The ________ fastest animal is the cheetah.
4. Japanese is less useful than Chinese.
Japanese _____ as/so useful _____ Chinese.
5. I am as diligent as her. I am as diligent as ____ ____.
6. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim.
Li Ying jumped farther than Jim ________.
taller than
any other student
the other students
the fastest
she is
did
world’s
isn’t
as
汉译英：
Jack和Mike一样高。

Lily和Lucy跳得同样远。

他的英语不如我说得好。

格林小姐的房间比布朗小姐的干净得多。

北京变得越来越美丽。
Jack is as tall as Mike.
Lily jumps as far as Lucy.
He doesn’t speak English as/so well as me/I (do).
Miss Green’s room is much cleaner than Miss Brown’s.
Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you would make.
Bob jumps (the) farthest of all.
The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
Jim came to school (the) latest in his class yesterday.
Which is the most difficult, English, physics or maths?
汉译英：
6. 你越仔细，出错就会越少。

7. 在所有人当中Bob跳得最远。

8. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。

9. Jim在他班上到校最晚。

10. 哪个最难，英语，物理还是数学？