Unit 1 Festivals around the world单词复习
1. take place
1) 发生
In the past few years , great changes have taken place in our school.
2）举行
The 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.
辨析: take place, happen, break out ,occur vi
take place 指事先计划安排好的
(例句略)。
2)happen 意外,偶然或碰巧,常用于
happen to do something 碰巧做某事
It happened/happens that +句子 碰巧----
他碰巧没有读过那部小说。
He happened not to have read the novel.
It happened that he had read the novel.
3) break out 仅用于负面场合, 常用于灾难, 战争,疾病
等的发生。 A fire / war broke out.
4)occur 既可指某事偶然发生, 也指某事按计划发生,可与
happen互换，也有‘想起 ” 之意。
常用于；sth occurs to sb
It occurs / occurred to sb that…..
某人突然想起某事
A good idea occurred to him. 他突然想起一个好主意。
It occurs to me that Tom has never been abroad before.我突然想起Tom以前从来没有出过国。
It occurred to me that I had met him somewhere.我突然想起在什么地方见过他。
2. beauty n. 美；美人
beautiful adj. 美丽的
beautify v. 美化
3. harvest
n/v 收获，收割
The farmer hired extra workers for the harvest.  a good harvest 丰收 harvester 收割机/人
We will harvest the fruit in autumn.
4. 1) celebrate v.庆祝.宾语是（节日,胜利,成功）
We held a party to celebrate our success.
celebration n.

2) congratulate v. 祝贺.宾语是sb
congratulate sb. on/upon (doing ) sth.
祝贺某人某事
Congratulate him on passing the exam.
congratulations n. 表“祝贺”时常用复数
congratulations (to sb) on/upon (doing ) sth.
祝贺某人某事
Congratulations (to you) on your success.
祝你成功
starve v.
挨饿; 饿死
Millions of people starved to death during the war.

2) 渴望获得某事物be starved of & starve for
The homeless children were starved of love .

3)starvation n. [U] 饿死
die of starvation
6. origin n. 起源，由来，起因
What was the origin of the accident?
original adj. 最初的,原始的

7. religious adj.
1）宗教上的，信奉宗教的
Most western people have religious beliefs.
2) 虔诚的
She is a very religious person.

religion n.宗教
8. in memory of 纪念；追念
The museum was built in memory of the
famous scientist.
拓展：
1）in honor of 为纪念---；为了向---表示敬意
2）in praise of 赞扬，歌颂
3）in search of 寻找
4）in need of 需要
5）in favour of 支持，赞同
6）in charge of 负责，掌管
7）in terms of 就---而言
9. belief

1)信任; 信心 [U]
I have strong belief in my future.

2) 信仰[C]
religious beliefs 宗教信仰
3）词组 have belief in 相信
beyond belief 难以置信

believe v. believe sb. believe in sb.
believe it or not
10. dress up
盛装，打扮

You should dress up when you take part in
the party.
dress 给…穿衣服 dress sb./oneself

Wake up children and dress them.
Hurry up and get dressed. （动态）
The girl was dressed in red. （静态）
11. play a trick/tricks on…
搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑
The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.

trick 1)n. 2)vt.欺骗，诈骗 trick sb into doing sth

His mother tricked him into taking the medicine.
12. poet n.诗人; poem n.诗
Li Bai is a great poet who wrote many famous poems.
13.arrival n.
1）到达，到来
On our arrival at the farm, we were welcomed
by the farmers.

2) 到达者
They went out to welcome the new arrivals.

arrive v.
14. gain v.

1） 获得
He gained full marks in the exam.

2) 赢得
The scientist gained the respect of his students.
gain by/from 从......中获益
n.收获，利润
No pains, no gains. 不劳无获
15. independence n.独立，自主
India gained independence from Britain in 1947.

depend v. It / That (all) depends “视情况而定”
dependent adj.
independent adj. 独立的，自主的
be independent of 独立于，不依赖
—How long are you staying? —I don’t know. ___.
A. That’s OK B. Never mind
C. It depends D. It doesn’t matter

depend on 或 be dependent on/upon 依靠
16. gather
1）搜集
The writer is gathering materials for his works.
2)集合
The teacher gathered the students around her.
3) 聚集
The clouds are gathering.

【辨析】
collect 指精心，有选择地收集。
Many people like collecting stamps.
17. award
1）v.授予，判定
award sb sth=award sth to sb
They awarded him the title of Hero.
be awarded for因......而被奖励
Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.
The referee awarded a free kick.
裁判员判定罚一个任意球.
2） n. 奖，奖品
She got the first award in the English contest.
The award for the year’s best actress was a
young woman.
辨析: award 和reward
1）award 后接双宾语:奖赏某人某物
award sb. sth. =award sth to sb.
They awarded her the Nobel Prize. 他们授予他诺贝尔奖。

2）reward 奖赏, 给……报酬, 不能接双宾语;
reward sb. for sth. 因 ……奖赏某人；
reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人
She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.

He rewarded her with money for her heroic deeds.
他为她的英雄行为而给她奖金。
18. produce

v 生产
The factory produces 1,000 cars a week.

2）n 产品,尤指农产品
The shop sells only fresh local produce.
product 产品； production 产量
productive 多产的，生产的
a productive writer
19. admire
1）钦佩,羡慕
admire sb. for sth.在某方面钦佩某人
We all admire him for his courage and bravery.
2) 欣赏
I admire your poems very much .
3) 赞美
He admired her new dress.
admiration n. express admiration for sb/sth
对某人/某事物表示钦佩羡慕
in admiration of 钦佩/赞赏......
in admiration 赞赏地，欣赏地
adj. admiring羡慕的 admirable值得赞赏的
20. look forward to (doing) sth.
期待着(做)某事
Children are looking forward to Spring Festival.
He’s looking forward to hearing from his pen pal.
look ahead 向前看，展望未来 look into 调查
look at 看 look up to 尊敬，钦佩 look after 照顾 look down upon 轻视，蔑视
They all look up to him as their leader.
Her parents tell her not to look down upon farmers.
21. clothing 服装（总称，除衣裤还包括鞋帽）
an article of clothing 一件衣服
辨析: cloth, clothes, clothing
cloth 指做衣服等用的材料, 如布料, 毛料,
丝绸等, 不可数。“一块布料”是 a piece of cloth.
注意: cloth 指具体用途的布时, 可与冠词连用。
a table cloth 一块桌布
a dish cloth 一块擦碗布
2) clothes 指具体的衣服, 包括上衣, 裤子等, 不能
与不定冠词或数词连用, 但可与物主代词, 指示
代词。作主语时, 谓语用复数形式。
He wears fine clothes. 他穿着很讲究。
3) clothing 是衣服, 服装的总称, 是集合名词。
作主语时候, 谓语动词用单数形式。如果要表示
“一件衣服”时, 可以说an article of clothing
或a piece of clothing, 但不能用 a suit of clothing
那家商店卖童装。
The shop sells children's clothing.
22. as though=as if引导方式状语从句和表语从
句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。
1) 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened．
她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。

2) 引导表语从句(情况真实不虚,情况假的虚)
It looks as if it’s going to rain．
The child talks as if she were an adult.
He talked as if he had known everything.
23. have fun (with sb) (与某人)玩得开心
We had fun with each other on that day.
fun为不可数名词, 没有复数, 也不能加a.
make fun of 取笑……
have fun=enjoy oneself
=have a good/great/wonderful time玩得开心
have fun (in) doing sth 开心地做某事
for fun 开玩笑地,为了玩 read for fun
What fun...! ......多有趣！
adj. funny 有趣的
24. custom

1)风俗习惯
The celebration of the Spring Festival is a custom for Chinese.
It is the custom for the Japanese to take off
their shoes when they get into a hall.

the Customs 海关
2)Habit侧重个人习惯
25. Permission n.允许，许可
permit sb. to do sth.
without (sb's) permission
ask sb for permission
give sb permission to do sth/for sth

I asked for his permission to use the car.
You have my permission to leave.
26. turn up.
1) 出席(某活动), 出现
We planned to meet at 7:00, but he didn’t turn up.
2) 把(收音机等)音量开大一些
Turn up the radio a little, I can hardly hear
the program.
The teacher turned down the students’ proposal.
拒绝
I thought it would rain the next day, but it
turned out to be a sunny day.结果是……
turn off 关掉 turn on 打开
turn to sb. for help 向某人求助
31. keep one’s word 守信，履行诺言
break one’s word 失信
Don’t break your word, otherwise, no one
will trust you.
word 此处为诺言为不可数名词
消息
Word came that he had succeeded.
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1．turn up 出现；到场；开大，调高，增加速度、音量、强度或流量[即学即练10](1)Guess who ___________________ at Mary's wedding.猜猜都有谁参加了玛丽的婚礼。(2)The book you have lost will __________________ someday.你丢的那本书说不定哪一天又会找到。(3)Please ______________________________________. I want to listen to the news.请把收音机音量开大些，我想听听新闻。
turned up
turn up
turn up the radio
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拓展：turn against背叛；(情况等)对……不利turn away走开，离开；把……打发走turn back折回，往回走；翻回到turn down关小，调低；拒绝turn off关(水源、煤气、电等)；令……厌烦turn on打开；使……感兴趣turn out结果是；证明是；生产，制造；培养，造就turn to转向，变成；求救于，求助于turn in上交，欺骗turn over把……交给……；翻转
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2．keep one’s word/promise守信用；履行诺言break one’s word/promise 食言，不遵守诺言get in a word插话/嘴have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with sb.与某人吵架in a/one word简言之，总之in other words(＝that is to say)换句话说leave word留言the last word最后决定；最后意见word for word一字不差地；逐字地
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【注意】keep one’s word相当于keep one’s promise，反义短语是break one’s word/promise。注意两短语中的word不可数，无复数。
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[即学即练12]　(1)She is a girl who always ________________.她是一个很讲信用的人。(2)Don’t __________________________， otherwise no one will trust you.不要失信，否则没有人会信任你。
keeps her word
break your word
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3．hold one’s breath屏息；屏气catch one’s breath(因恐惧、震惊等)一时停止呼吸，屏息；不喘气draw/take a deep breath深呼吸take breath 歇口气in the same breath异口同声地out of breath上气不接下气lose one’s breath喘不过气来；上气不接下气
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[即学即练11]The race was so close that everyone was _____________________ at the finish.这是一场势均力敌的比赛，以至于到最后每个人都屏住了呼吸。
holding his breath
You must apologize to the teacher for being
so rude.
4. apologize 道歉
apologize to sb for (doing) sth
apology n.
表达道歉
接受道歉
拒绝道歉
make / offer an apology
accept an apology
refuse an apology
5. drown (drowned, drowned) v.
淹死
Don’t play by the river in case you fall and drown.
There was a drowning man .(快要淹死的）
drowned 已经淹死的
2) 浸, 泡
借…… 消愁 drown one’s sorrow/sadness in…
The floods drowned the streets and houses.
3) 淹没
The noise in the street drowned out her voice.
6. Obvious adj. 明显的, 清楚的
adv. Obviously 明显地
His meaning is obvious.
1) be obvious + to + 表示人的名词或代词
Her disappointment was obvious to her friend.
2) It is/was obvious that…=obviously
It is obvious that you are wrong.
Obviously, he is telling a lie.
7. set off
1)动身, 出发;
Tom and his father set off for America yesterday.
2)使(地雷、炸弹)爆炸;
The bomb set off among the crowd.
3)使某物更有吸引力
A woman’ s beauty is set off by her clothes and
jewelery.
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set off出发；动身；使爆炸[即学即练13](1)If you want to catch that train we’d better __________________________ the station immediately.你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们最好马上动身去火车站。(2)What time are yo