Language points
1. This unit is a play based on a short story
by Mark twain.
be based on
e.g. The novel is based on his own experiences.
______ on his own experiences, his novel attracts many young people.
A. Being based B. Basing
C. Based D. To base
以…为基础/基于…
C
2. He was brought up in Hannibal.
bring up 抚养/养育，提出，呕吐
bring sth along 带来
bring back 拿回来
bring in 产生
bring about 引起
bring out 出版，使显示
3. He is best known for his novels set in his
boyhood world on the river.
be set in
e.g. The novel is set in London in the 1960s.
相关短语：
set …free 释放
set about (doing) sth
set aside 放在一边/省出，保留/不理
会，不顾
以…为背景
set down 写下/制定/让某人下车
set off 出发/引爆/激起set sb off doing sth
set up资助/设置, 竖起/建立/(体育) 创纪录/造成
set out (to do sth)出发做某事。
4. scene n. 现场, 场面, 景色, (戏剧)一场
①Firefighters were on the scene immediately. 现场
②The rocking boats along the river bank make a beautiful scene. 景色
③The boy led his mother to the scene of the accident. 现场
④The scene in the hospital is very moving. 场面
⑤The last scene of the play was very impressive.
(戏剧) 一场
behind the scenes
在后台, 在幕后, 暗中
on the scene 在/到现场
come on the scene 登场
②scene指展现在眼前的情景, 也可经指scenery的一部分, 指某处小范围的景色, 大多包括景物中的人及活动, 可译为 “情景”, “景色”, “场面”, “(戏剧)一场”
③view是指人以一定的角度(或从远处或从高处等)所看到的景色,还有 “观点”, “看法”的意思.
④sight 是眼睛所看到的景象, 可以指美丽的风景,也可以指悲惨的景象, 用其复数sights表示名胜古迹, 人文景观等.
scenery/scene/view/sight
①scenery 是总称, 指大范围的自然风光,是由多个scene构成的景色, 常译为 “景色”, “风景”.
5. Roderick and Oliver have made a bet.
bet n.
(1) agreement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful赌博
make a bet打赌
咱们赌下次大选好吗？ Let’s make a bet on the next election.
bet – bet – bet – betting
have a bet打赌
win/lose a bet 打赌赢/输了
accept/take up a bet同意与…打赌
bet on sth 对某事打赌
make a bet on sth with sb. 和某人在……
上打赌
6. … they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house.
wander v. & n.
v. (1) 游荡/闲逛;漫步/游sp
在小城闲逛 ______________________
漫游世界 _________________
He told us that we could _____________ at will. (随便逛逛)
wander in the small town
wander the world
wander around
n. 漫游，闲逛
go for /take a wander 去溜达
(2) 迷路，走失
The traveler wandered for some
time in the fog.
(3) 走神
My attention/mind wandered.
7. Permit me to lead the way, sir.
permit (v.)
1) permit sb to do sth.=allow sb to do sth. 允许
她的妈妈是不会允许她晚归的。 Her mother would not permit her to come back late.
permit sth. / doing sth.
允许某事/干某事
permit sb to do sth
允许某人做某事
permit sb sth
允许某人做某事
8. go head: be carried out; take place执行，进行，举行
1) 尽管天气不好，旅行将照常进行。 Despite the bad weather, the journey will go ahead.
新桥的修建将按计划进行。 The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.
9. As a matter of fact, I landed Britain by
accident.
matter n.&v
(1) n. affair, topic or situation being considered 事情；问题；情况
我不和同事谈私事。
I don’t discuss private matters with my colleagues.
下次会议我们有几件重要的事情要处理。We have several important matters to deal with at our next meeting.
(2) n.physical substance or things of a specified kind物质，材料，物品
宇宙是由物质构成的。

(3) v. be important关系重大，要紧
他来也好去也好，那有什么关系呢？

你做什么我都无所谓。
It doesn’t matter to me what you do.
What does it matter whether he comes or goes?
The universe is composed of matter.
by accident =by chance
偶然地, 意外地
我只是碰巧找到的。
I only found it by accident.
10. His eyes stare at what is left of the brother’s dinner on table.
stare v.
(1) look at sb./sth. with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze瞪着眼睛凝视
盯着人看是没有礼貌的 It’s rude to stare.
他们都惊讶得瞪大了眼睛。 They all stared in amazement.
(2) be wide open with a fixed gaze 睁大眼睛注视
他瞪着眼睛注视着这场面。 He gazed at the scene with staring eyes.
(3) bring sb. into a specified condition瞪着某人使其做出某种反应
她把他瞪得不吭声了。 She stared him into silence.
11. I didn’t know whether I could survive until morning.
[考点] 宾语从句。
[考例1] You can only be sure of _____ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future． (安徽2007)
A. that; what B. what; /
C. which; that D. /; that
B
[考例2] Having checked the doors were closed, and _____ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (湖南2007)
A. why B. that
C. when D. where
B
[点拨] Having checked之后带了并列的两个以that引导的宾语从句, 即：the doors were closed, and that all the lights were off。这时可以省略第一个that, 第二个that一般不能省。Having短语在句中作状语。
12. I was spotted by a ship.
spot n.&v.
(1) n. small mark different in color, texture 斑点
豹和虎哪一个身上有斑点？Which has spots, the leopard or the tiger?
spotless adj. 没有污点的, 纯洁的
spotted adj. 有斑点的, 玷污的
(2) drop 滴
下了几滴雨, 你感觉到了吗？ Did you feel a few spots of rain?
(3) v. pick out, catch sight of, recognize, discover 找出, 认出, 发觉
杰克最终找到了他想要的衬衫。 Jack finally spotted just the shirt he wanted.
我看不出两者的区别。 I can’t spot the difference between them.
13. I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which account for my appearance.
passage n. 船费（包括食宿）
她的祖父一路在船上打工支付船费
来到美国。
Her grandfather had worked his
passage to America.
通道/通路，走廊
章节，段落 a passage from the Bible
account for: be the explanation of sth.; explain the cause of sth. 做某事的解释；解释某事物的原因。
他因病缺席。 His illness accounts for his absence.
请你对自己的行为作出解释。 Please account for your own conduct.
on account of
因为, 由于
take into account=take account of
考虑, 重视
on no account
绝不
I’d ____ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.
take into account B. account for
C. make up for D. make out
A
take into account考虑
account for说明……的原因 make up for 弥补 make out理解，辨认出
appearance n.
arrival 出现，来到
警察突然出现, 小偷就逃跑了。 The sudden appearance of a policeman caused the thief to run away.
2) 外貌，外表
勿以貌取人——外貌不可靠。 Don’t judge by appearances---- appearances can be misleading.
14. If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny.
如果你们认为这是一个笑话，我可不觉得很可笑。
[点拨] 此句是一个主从复合句。主句为I don’t think ...；
从句是if引导的条件状语从句，即If this is your idea of some kind of joke；另外I don’t think称之为否定前移或否定转移，即：当主句中含有 think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等谓语动词时，后面宾语从句中的否定词not往往转移到主句谓语动词之前。
如：
I don’t believe they will win the game.
我相信他们不会赢得这场比赛。
I don’t think it is fair.
我认为那不合理。
She doesn’t suppose that we have finished the job.
她认为我们还没有完成工作。
[即学即用] 翻译下列句子。
1) 我认为玛丽的父亲将不允许她熬夜。
I don’t think that Mary’s father will permit her to stay up late.
2) 我不相信史密斯先生是一个画街景的画家，对吗？
I don’t believe that Mr. Smith is a painter of street scenes, is he?
3) 我猜想我永远不会再见到她。
I don’t suppose I’ll ever see her again.
15. We know you’re hard-working. That’s why we’ve given you the letter. [考点] 表语从句。
[考例1] The traditional view is __ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. (上海2007)
A. when B. why
C. whether D. that
[点拨] 通读题目后可以知道表语从句中不缺少句子成分, 所以用that引导, 这时that不可以省略。
D
[考例2] Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _____ the best jobs are. (浙江2007)
A. where B. what
C. when D. why
[点拨] 考查where引导表语从句。句意：为什么不在闹市区碰碰运气呢？那里是找好工作的地方。
A
I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出该单词的正确形式。
1. You should not park your car on the __________ (人行道).
2. Photography will not be _________ (允许) inside the courtroom.
pavement
permitted
练习坊
3. The secret of a good relationship is to accept other persons’ _____ (过错), and not to try to make them change.
4. You should _____ (寻求) advice from your lawyer on this matter.
5. Spain is our favorite holiday s_____ and we all like traveling there.
faults
seek
spot
6. He w________ around the mall for half an hour as if he had nothing else to do.
7. Her _________ (耐性) made her the best nurse in the hospital.
8. We met the officials of the __________ (大使馆) at dinner that same evening.
patience
wandered
embassy
II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Do you permit your children ________ (smoke)?
2. Would you mind _________ (wash) the dishes tonight? I am so tired.
3. When I woke up, I found myself _____ (pull) into another room.
4. _______ (tell) you the truth, I fell asleep in the middle of the speech.
to smoke
washing
pulled
To tell
III. 用适当的介词填空。
1. He should have finished his homework ___ this moment.
2. The beautiful house ___ your left is Tom’s.
3. As a matter ___ fact, he is a cheat, so don’t believe him.
at
on
of
4. I only found my lost pen ___ accident.
5. He was standing there until the ship sailed out ___ the bay.
6. The little girl stared ___ the little cats in their basket.
7. I didn’t wake up __________ eight o’clock this morning.
by
of
at
until / till
8. He could not account ____ the time he spent away from his work.
9. The boss once earned his living by working ____ a nurse in a hospital.
10. I never smile ___ those who are rude to me.
for
as
at
11. He is unwilling to work ____ such little money.
12. Luckily, I met an old friend of mine ____ my way home.
13. I don’t care _______ the price, so long as the car is in good condition.
for
on
about
make a bet; go ahead; by accident;
stare at; account for; on the contrary
1. Don’t _________ me like that. It’s not my fault anyway.
2. He could not __________ his absence from school.
staring at
account for
IV. 用括号中所给词或短语的适当形式完成下列句子。
3. He __________ that he would win the game.
4. It doesn’t seem ugly to me;
______________, I think it’s rather beautiful.
5. I don’t know whether he did it __________ or by design.
6. If you want to take a shower, just ________ and take one.
made a bet
on the contrary
go ahead
by accident
假如时间允许，我们就

------【以上为无格式内容概要，如需完整内容请下载】------