Unit 2 Healthy eating
Learning about Language
lie
get away with
raw
curiosity
customer
benefit
Learning about Language (P.12)
1.Write down the words according to the
meanings bebind.
1 __________something that you say is not true
2 ______________not to be punished for something
3__________ uncooked
4__________ the strong wish to know about something.
5__________ someone who buys things or services from a shop, company, etc.
6__________a particular quality that gives someone or something an advantage
balanced diet raw
slim ought to
energetic
lose weight
lose heart
lose interest
lose face
2.Fill in the blanks with words from the left box and paraphrase the italicized parts using the phrases from the right box.
Julie wanted to become thinner. She knew she__________ eat more vegetables and fruit but little meat. However, as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor but lived on a______ of rice, ______ vegetables, bananas and lemons. Three weeks later, she found she weighed as much as ever. She felt so sad and hopeless about herself and her behaviour changed.
ought to
diet
raw
She didn’t dare to face her boyfriend and she was unwilling to visit her friends any more. Luckily, her best friend Fred came to see her and encouraged her to exercise, eat a __________ diet and enjoy life again. Soon Julie became amazingly_________ and__________! She felt very happy.
balanced
energetic
slim
become thinner—lose weight
being laughed at by her friends
—losing face
felt so sad and hopeless about herself
—lost heart
was unwilling to visit her friends any more
—lost interest in visiting
Answer key to Exercise 3:
1 √pear; ×cream (fat and all the others are fruit)
2 √sugar; ×mutton (meat and all the others are energy-giving food)
3 √bacon; ×cabbage (vegetable and all the others are meat)
4 √strawberry; ×eggplant (vegetable and all the others are fruit)
modal verb
(2)
ought to
ought to 用于表示"想必会"(语气较must 弱)：
1.他们想必已到那儿了。
They ought to be there by now.
2.他最好不要抽烟了。
He ought to stop smoking.　
多数情况下，ought to可与should互换使用。
ought to的反意疑问句用shouldn’t替代。
You ought to have helped him with his English, ________?
A. won’t you
B. can not you
C. shouldn’t you
D. wouldn’t you
【即学即练】
比较had better, should & ought to
三者均表示建议，意为“应该”，“应当”或“最好做……”。
三者的语气程度为渐强。
had better指一般性的建议，最弱。
should & ought to含义相近，常可互换。区别在于:ought to常指特殊情况下的“应当”；should则指一般情况。例句见下页。
You ought to help him because he is in trouble now.(语气强，有命令意味)
You should have a rest after finishing your sports. （一般性建议）
You ought to call the police when you find something wrong in your house. (语气较强)
He should take care of the babies tonight. （一般情况）
have to
have to 表示客观需要去做的事情，意为“必须，不得不” 。
I have to get to the station early to catch the first train.
We missed the bus so we had to walk home.
We have to overcome all kinds of difficulties.
have to 有多种时态。常见的有：
We will have to gather at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.
一般将来时
I have to take more money with me because my girlfriend has so much to buy.
一般现在时
Finally, we had to give up our idea to hold a picnic outside as it rained for a whole afternoon.
一般过去时
shall , should &ought to
shall用于第一、三人称疑问句，征求意见或请求。
shall用于第二，三人称陈述句，表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁。
should 表示劝告，建议，命令，顺理成章＝ought to
疑问句中常用should代替ought to
ought to 表示应该，语气＞should
美语中，ought to用于否定句、疑问句时to 可省略。
Need I do …? Yes, you must.
No, you needn’t.
dare & need
Must they do…? Yes, they must.
No, they needn’t/don’t have to .
must & have to
比较must & have to
must表示主观意志，而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做的事情。
must没有过去式，但是在间接引语中可表示过去的时间。在直接引语中表示过去的时间用had to代替。
I told her that she must give up smoking.
She said, “We had to get everything ready that night.”
注意对need问句的回答:
—Need I finish the work today?
—Yes, ________________.
No, ________________.
No, ________________.
you must
you needn’t
you don’t have to
needn’t 对其他情态动词的回答:
—Shall I tell John about it?
—No, you __________.

—Must we do it now?
—No, you __________.
needn’t
(don’t have to)
needn’t
(don’t have to)
—Could I borrow your dictionary?(委婉)
— Yes，you can/may.
Sure. Go ahead.
Please yourself.
— May I take this seat?(第一人称疑问句)
— Yes, you may.
No, you mustn’t.
1. I thought you _____like something to read, so I have brought you some books.
A. may B. might C. would D. must
2. Where is my pen? I ____it.
A. might lose B. would have lost
C. should have lost D. must have lost
B
D
【达标训练】
3. I didn’t hear the phone. I ___ asleep.
A. must be B. must have been
C. should be D. should have been
4. —There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well.
—It ____ a comfortable journey.
A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
B
D
5. It’s seven. Jack ____ be here at any moment.
must B. need C. should D. could
6.—Is John coming by train?
—He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving.
A. must B. can C. need D. may
C
D
7.It has been announced that candidates(候选人) ______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A. can B.will C. may D. shall
8.—I heard he went skiing last year.
—It _____ true because there was little snow there.
A. may not be B. won’t be
C. couldn’t be D. mustn’t be
D
C
9. —Did the train arrive in time?
—No. It _______ two hours ago.
A. must have arrived B. ought to have arrived
C. must arrive D. ought to arrive
10. — Must I drive to his house and pick up the children?  
— No, ________ .A. you shouldn't  B. you might not  
C. you needn't   D. you mustn't
B
C
11. We didn't see Tom at the meeting yesterday. He ____ it.A. mustn't have attended 
B. cannot have attended
C. needn't have attended 
D. would have not attended
B
C
12. You ________ such a long composition. The teacher only asked for 300 words. You have written 600 words.
A. mustn’t have written
B. couldn’t have written
C. needn’t have written
D. do not have to write
13. There is someone knocking at the door.         it be Tom?A. Can  B. Must  C. Should  D. Ought to
14. Two years ago, my husband bought me a bicycle. If you live in the town, it is often faster than a car and you         worry about parking.
A. must not   B. may not  
C. should not   D. don't have to
A
D
Answer key for Ex.1:
1.Then usually by lunchtime they would all be sold. (Possibility)
2.What could have happened ? (Possibility)
3.Nothing could be better… (Possibility)
4.Something terrible must have happened if… (Guessing)
Discovering useful structures
5. He could not believe his eyes. (Ability)
6. Perhaps he should go to the library and find out. (Duty)
7. He could not have Yong Hui get away with telling people lies ! (Intention)
8. He had better do some research ! (Duty)
9. Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food… (Possibility)
10.They would become tired very quickly. (Ability)
2. Choose suitable modal verbs from below to complete the following dialogues. There may be more than one possibility.
ought/oughtn’t to should/shouldn’t
mustn’t/needn’t/ (don’t) have to
will /can/can’t
1 SAM: How can I grow thinner, Mum?
MUM: Well, you ________ eat food with plenty of fibre that helps you digest better. And you _______ stop drinking cola or eating sweet food.
SAM: Does it mean I__________ eat my favourite fried chicken any more?
MUM: Not exactly, if you love fried chicken, you _______ give it up. Just eat it less often. You ______________ worry too much: a little fried chicken__________ do you good!
have to
should
shouldn’t
needn’t
don’t have to
will
2 DOCTOR: You are sick because you’ve eaten poisonous mushrooms. Where did you get them?
LUCY:I picked them in the forest. I know we _________ eat fresh vegetables.
DOCTOR:Oh,but you__________ eat them until you’re sure they are not poisonous.
LUCY: Thank you, doctor. I’ll be more careful next time.
3 CHARLES: I wish I could see things clearly in the dark.
TOM:Eating carrots__________ help you see better. You __________ eat some every day.
have to
mustn’t
ought to
should
Using Structures (P.50)
Answer key for Ex.1:
1. have to, should, need to
2. ought to, should
3. mustn’t, would
4. have to\need to
5. can’t, can’t
Homework
1. Summarize the rules of the modal verbs in your own way.
2. Finish the exercises of “Using Words and Expressions” on P49.
East, west, home is best.
金窝、银窝，不如自己的草窝。