Discovering useful words and expressions
Learning about Language
Unit 2English around the world
Ⅰ. Match the new words and expressions with their meanings.
A. who or what somebody or something is
B. a word for gas in British English
C. not sudden
D. in fact
E. the second of two things or people already mentioned
F. often
G. long trip by sea or in space
H. able to speak or write a language well
⒈ petrol
⒉ voyage
⒊ gradually
⒋ frequently
⒌ identitly
⒍ the latter
⒎ actually
⒏ fluent
Ⅱ. Complete this passage with the words from the Warming Up and Reading.
It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as _______ as a ______ English speaker. One reason is that English has a large __________ . It also has different usage in different English speaking countries. If you use “flat” instead of “_________”, people in America will know you have learned British English. If you use the word “________” instead of “lift” in Britain, people will know you have studied American English.
fluently
native
vocabulary
apartment
elevator
Ⅲ. Add these phrases to the rhyme so that it makes sense.
such as make use of because of come up at present
“Will you _________ to my flat?” asked the spider to the fly. “_________ it’s so pleasant to look down from so high. ____________ the clear sky it’s possible to see buildings ________ theatres and hotels by the sea. So won’t you please _____________ this chace to look?” The fly agreed immediately without a second thought. But as soon as she went up with a step so light that day, the spider caught and ate her and she was never seen again!
Then read the rhyme aloud and mark the sense groups.
come up
At present
Because of
such as
make use of
Ⅳ. Sometimes British and American people use different prepositions for the same idea. Choose a pair of prepositions. Then compare them.
⒈ There are so many people _______ the street.
⒉ They are going to have a party ________ the weekend.
⒊ We will leave for the airport at a quarter ___________ five.
⒋ His brother is _______ the most famous football team in England.
⒌ As we know, British English is a little different ___________ American English.
⒍ Are there many children playing _______ the playground?
at / on, past / after, in / on, from / than
in / on
at / on
past / after
in / on
from / than
in / on
Do you know which usage is British English and which is American?
Compare
British American
in on
at on
past after
from than
Discovering useful structures
Ⅰ. Can you find the following command and request from Reading? Let’s see how to retell them in direct speech.
EXAMPLES:
“Look at this example,” the teacher said to us.
The teacher told us to look at that example.
“Would you like to see my flat?” she asked.
She asked me to see her flat.
Ⅱ. In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something. Please look at the three sentences and tell the difference.
Open the window.
Please open the window.
Would you please open the window?
Command
Request
Not polite
Very polite
polite
Ⅲ. Look at these expressions and classify them into Commands and Requests.
Correct your spelling mistakes.
How do you spell that, please?
Do that now!
Would you please speak more slowly?
Go and buy some more petrol!
Please…
Go and …!
Can I please …?
Can I sit here and wait for the doctor?
Would you please…?
Hold that elevator!
Say that again!
Could you repeat the sentence?
Take the dog for a walk!
C
R
C
R
C
R
C
R
R
R
C
C
R
C
Ⅲ. Read these sentences and decide which is a command  and which is a request. Then retell them in indirect speech.
⒈ The children said to their teacher: “Would you please sing a song for us?”
The children asked their teacher to sing a song for them.
⒉ The mother said to her child: “Turn off the radio.”
The mother told her child to turn off the radio.
⒊ The dentist said to a patient: “Open your mouth please, so I can see the bad tooth clearly.”
The dentist asked his / her patient to open his / her mouth so that he / she could see the bad tooth clearly.
⒋ The secretary said to the woman on the phone: “Could you hold on for a minute?”
The secretary asked the woman on the phone to hold on for a minute or two.
⒌ John said to his classmate: “Can I borrow your pen please?”
John asked his classmate if he could borrow his pen / to lend him his pen.
⒍ The teacher said to his student: “Come up to my office!”
The teacher told his student to go up to his office.
R

C

R
R

R

C
在第一单元中我们学习了陈述句和疑问句的直接引语变间接引语的用法, 本单元主要学习祈使句的直接引语变间接引语的用法。试着将下面句子变为间接引语：
直接引语变间接引语（Ⅱ）
——请求和命令
1. “Put your coat in the closet, please,” she said to him.
→ She
2. The father said to his children, “Don’t move! ”
→The father
asked him to put his coat in the closet.
told his children not to move.
GRAMMAR
【考点1】祈使句的直接引语变间接引语
　　祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词+宾语＋动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask, tell, beg, warn, advise, order等与 remind, suggest等。
1. 引述表示命令的祈使句, 常用tell, order等转述。例如：
① “Repeat it three times,” the teacher said to her.

→The teacher told her to repeat it three times.
② “Stop talking!” the monitor said to the class.

→The monitor ordered the class to stop talking.
2. 引述表示建议、劝告的祈使句, 可以用advise, suggest等词转述。
①She said to us, “Please have a rest. ”

→She advised us to have a rest.
②He said, “Let’s go to the cinema. ”

→He suggested their going to the cinema.
He suggested that they (should) go to the cinema.
3. 引述表示请求的祈使句, 常用ask, beg等词转述。
① “Don’t take off your coat, please ”she said to her sister.

→She asked her sister not to take off her coat.
② “Give it to me, please,” Wei Fang said to him.

→Wei Fang asked him to give it to her.
4. 引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句用remind, warn等词转述。
① “Be careful of the dog” she said to the children.

→She reminded the children of being careful of the dog.
② The old man said, “Don’t smoke in the hall, young man.”

→The old man warned the young man not to smoke in the hall.
【考点2】一般疑问句的直接引语变间接引语
　　若直接引语中的一般疑问句是由表示委婉语气的would, could等构成的疑问句, 转换为间接引语时句子的谓语动词常用asked。例如：
① “Would you buy some bread for me? ” he said to her.

→He asked her to buy some bread for him.
②“Would you sleep and get up early, children? ” Father said.

→Father asked the children to sleep and get up early.
【考点3】感叹句的直接引语变间接引语
　　直接引语是感叹句时, 间接引语可以用what或how引导, 也可以用that引导。
She said, “What a lovely day it is! ”

→She said what a lovely day it was.
(或：She said that it was a very lovely day. )
She said, “How fast he is running! ”

→She said how fast he was running.
(或：She said that he was running very fast. )
Ⅰ. 句型转换
1. “Give me a hand, please,” he said to her.
→He asked her to give him a hand.
2. Lily said to Tom, “Please remember to answer the letter as soon as possible.”
→Lily reminded Tom to remember to answer the letter as soon as possible.
3. “Don’t touch anything on show,” the guide said to us.
→The guide told us not to touch anything on show.
4. He said, “If the boy refuses to help, tell his father.”
→He advised me to tell his father if the boy refused to help.
5. “Shut the door when you leave, ”he said.
→He told me to shut the door when I left.
达标检测
6. The teacher said, “You should keep on doing it. ”
→The teacher suggested that I should keep on doing it.
7. Li Hua said, “What about going to the cinema this afternoon? ”
→Li Hua advised us to go to the cinema that afternoon.
8. Jane asked, “Can you tell me the way to the station, Tom? ”
→Jane asked Tom whether he could tell her the way to the station.
9. John said, “Would you please help me with my homework, Alice?”
→John asked Alice whether she would help him with his homework.
10. “Let’s have supper now,”he said.
→He ordered us to have supper then.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
He told the boy (不要制造噪音).
2. They asked the singer (为他们再唱一首歌).
3. The teacher told the students (安静).
4. All the people cried (多么漂亮的衣服).
5. The teacher told me (给我的父母写一封信).
6. The chairman told us (保持安静).
7. The assistant asked you (重复你说的话).
8. The teacher told me to make sure (门开着).
9. Mother told me (十点之前回来).
10. She asked her friend (不要在这里吸烟).
not to make any noise
to sing them a song again
to be quiet
how beautiful the clothes were
to write a letter to my parents
to keep silent
to repeat what you had said
that the door was open
to come back before 10: 00
not to smoke here
11. Sarah was driving too fast, so I asked her (慢下来).
12. Sam had a bad cold, so the doctor told him
(在床上躺几天).
13. The policeman asked (怎么了)the old woman.
14. My teacher advised me (休息一下).
15. My friend (鼓励我休一个长假).
16. Dad reminded me (不要忘了拜访李先生).
17. The judge ordered Mr. Silverman (停止吸烟).
18. Bill warned me