Unit 2 English around the world
【诵读·积累】
(2010·江苏高考)假设你应邀参加学校组织的“英语学习师生座谈会”, 请你根据下表所提示的信息, 用英语写一篇发言稿, 简单介绍自己英语学习的情况, 并对学校今后的英语教学提出建议。
Dear teachers and schoolmates, it’s a great pleasure for me to be here today and share my experience of learning English with you. I’m interested in English, and hope to be an interpreter in the future. Naturally it’s very important for me to learn English well. As everybody knows, vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building. I usually memorize twenty new words a day and put them to use whenever possible. After class, I often listen to English programs on TV and on the radio. Besides, I’ve learned a lot from the Internet and other sources.
Now, I’d like to make some suggestions on English teaching and learning in our school. Firstly, we should be given more opportunities to use what we’ve learned in order to have a better grasp of it. Secondly, I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines and give us more free time to read them. Finally, I suggest we have more English activities, such as English contests and festivals.
Thank you for listening.
【尝试运用】
词汇翻译
与……分享…… _______________
在将来 ___________
使用 ___________
在收音机上 ___________
share. . . with . . .
in the future
put. . . to use
on the radio
向……学习 __________
提出一些关于……建议
________________________________
_________
做某事的机会 ________________________________
很好地掌握…… __________________
learn from
make some suggestions on/give some
advice on
an opportunity to do/of/for doing sth.
have a good grasp of
一句多译
①对我来说参加这个比赛我感到非常荣幸。
It is a great pleasure for me to take part in the contest.
②老师建议我们业余时间多阅读文学作品。
a. ___________________________________________________ _____________
b. ___________________________________________________ ______________________
The teacher recommends us to read more literary works in
our spare time.
The teacher recommends that we (should) read more literary
works in our spare time.
Ⅰ. 单词盘点
核心速记
1. ______ (adj. ) 官方的；正式的；公务的
(n. ) 官员
2. ______ (adj. ) 本国的；本地的
(n. ) 本地人；本国人
3. _______ (adv. ) 实际上；事实上
official
native
actually
4. _________ (n. &vt. ) 命令；指令；掌握
5. _______ (n. &vt. ) 请求；要求
6. ______(n. ) 口音；腔调；重音
7. _______(adv. ) 直接；挺直
(adj. ) 直的；笔直的；正直的
command
request
accent
straight
联想串记
8. ____ (vt. ) 以……为根据；(n. )基部；基地；基础→_____ (adj. ) 基本的；基础的→_____ (n. )基础；基本原则
9. _______ (adj. ) 逐渐的；逐步的→_________ (adv. )逐渐地；逐步地
10. _____ (adj. ) 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→_____(adj. )最新的；最近的→_____(adv. )后来；(adj. )后期的→_____(adv. )近来；最近
11. _______(n. )本身；本体；身份→_______(vt. )认出；鉴定
base
basic
basis
gradual
gradually
latter
latest
later
lately
identity
identify
12. ______(adj. )流利的；流畅的→_______(adv. )流利地；流畅地→_______(n. )流利；流畅
13. ________(adj. )频繁的；常见的→_________ (adv. )常常；频繁地
14. _________(n. )词语；表示；表达→_______(vt. )表达
15. _________(vt. )辨认出, 承认；公认→__________(n. )认出；认识
fluent
fluently
fluency
frequent
frequently
expression
express
recognize
recognition
Ⅱ. 短语互译
1. 超过；非常, 不只是, 不仅是 _________
2. 走近；上来；提出 ________
3. 以……为基础 ___________
4. 信不信由你 ______________
5. 扮演一个角色；参与 _____________
more than
come up
be based on
believe it or not
play a part (in)
6. because of ___________
7. the number of ___________
8. at present ___________
9. make use of ___________
10. such as ___________________
因为；由于
……的数量
现在；目前
利用；使用
例如……；像这种的
Ⅲ. 句型透视
1. 混合疑问句：特殊疑问词+do you think/believe/imagine/ guess. . . +其他
Which country ___________(你认为)has the most English learners?
2. even if引导的让步状语从句
Native English speakers can understand each other ______ ____________________________________(即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同).
do you think
even if
they don’t speak the same kind of English
3. more. . . than. . . 与其……不如……
It _____________________________ (更多地是以德语为基础)the English we speak at present.
4. no such+单数可数名词
Believe it or not, there is _____________________________(没有像标准英语这样的东西).
5. the way+定语从句
However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in ___________________(人们讲话的方式).
was based more on German than
no such thing as standard English
the way people speak
Ⅳ. 语篇完形
At the end of the 16th century, English was only 1. ______ by people from England. They were 2. ______ speakers. Today, the largest 3. _______ of people speaking English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English 4. __ their foreign language.
spoken
native
number
as
The English language has 5. ________ quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more or less like German for it was 6. _____ on German, but modern English sounds 7. _____ like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.
Two people had great effects on the English changes. One was Shakespeare, 8. ____ enlarged the English 9. __________; the other was Noah Webster, who wrote a dictionary which gave American English its own 10. _______.
changed
based
more
who
vocabulary
identity
1. 选用框中词汇的适当形式完成句子
come up, make full use of, recognize, base on, command
(1) ________ the strong evidence, the Mekong River attack suspects are on trial now.
(2)The policeman ___________ the thief to hand in what he had stolen.
(3)The moment I answered the phone, I __________ his voice.
(4)I’m afraid something urgent has ________.
(5)Teachers should train students to ______________ dictionaries.
Based on
commanded
recognized
come up
make full use of
2. 选用句型透视中的句式仿写句子
(1)你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？
Why do you think their team could win the football match?
(2)即使他邀请我, 我也不去参加他的聚会。
I won’t take part in his party even if/though he invites me.
(3)他们没回家, 我与其说是担心, 还不如说是恼火(annoyed)。
I was more annoyed than worried when they didn’t come home.
(4)我们的社区没有这样的人。
There is no such man in our neighborhood.
(5)很多人喜欢《中国好声音》(the Voice of China)评定(judge)歌手的方法。
Many people like the way a singer is judged in the Voice of China.
1. base vt. 以……为根据
n. 基部；基地；基础
(1)base . . . on/upon. . . 把……建立于……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据……
(2) at the base of 以……为基点, 在……的脚底
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
basis n. 基础；基本原则
①Based on a novel by Liu Zhenyun, Back to 1942 tells the true story of Henan Province.
《一九四二》是根据刘震云的小说改编而成的, 它讲述了发生在河南省的真实故事。
②The government provides them with not only food and shelter, but also the basic skills for their living.
政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处, 还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。
③(2011·湖南高考)The researcher’s conclusion ____ _____ ___ a study of the African elephant’s DNA.
调查者的结论是以研究非洲大象的DNA为基础的。
④They found the plane __ ___ ____ __ the mountain.
他们在山脚下发现了这架飞机。
was
based
on
at
the
base
of
【高考链接】
(2012·江苏高考) ______ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base
【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意：如果把一个重要决定更多地建立在情感上而不是理智上, 你迟早会后悔的。根据题目与选项可知本题考查非谓语动词, C项是谓语动词, 首先排除。A项过去分词表示被动, 但句子的主语不是base的承受者, 因此A项应排除。B项和D项都表示主动, 但不定式表示将来, 在句中常作目的或结果状语, 与句意不符。
2. command n. [C]命令；指令；[U]掌握
vt. 命令；指挥； 支配
(1)at one’s command 听某人支配
under one’s command＝under the command of sb.
由某人指挥
have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)
(be)in command of 掌握；控制
take command of 控制；担任……的指挥
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that . . . (should) do . . . 命令……做……
①He has a hundred men under his command.
这一百个人由他指挥。
②He was in command of the army. 他控制着军队。
③She has a good command of English.
她精通英语。
④他命令我们一个小时内完成这项工作。(一句多译)
He commanded that ___ ______ _____ the work in an hour.
=He commanded __ __ _____ the work in an hour.
【熟词生义】读句子猜含义
Great men command our respect. ( )
we
should
finish
us
to
finish
赢得
【想一想】 command后面跟从句时, 从句谓语用(should+) do/be done, 想一想还有哪些动词有类似的用法？
【参考答案】
3. request n. ＆vt. 请求；要求
(1)make (a) request for. . . 请求……；要求……
at one’s request＝at the request of sb.
应某人的要求
(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事
request sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物
request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求……
It is requested that . . . 据要求……
①At the public’s request, the new traffic regulation has been changed slightly.
应公众要求, 新的交通规则进行了微调。
②The little boy requested a toy from/ of his mother.
小男孩向他的妈妈要一个玩具。
③所有的成员均被要求参加会议。(一句多译)
All the members ___ _________ __ attend the meeting.
=__ __ _________ ____ all the members should attend the meeting.
are
requested
to
It
is
requested
that
【点津】可以说request sb. to do sth. 和require sb. to do sth. , 不可以说demand sb. to do sth. , 但可以说demand of sb. to do sth. 。
【高考链接】
(2010·湖北高考)Duty is an act or a course of action that people ______ you to take by social customs, law or religion.
A. persuade B. expect
C. request D. instruct
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：职责是人们依据社会习俗、法律或者宗教信仰期望你践行的行动或行为过程。根据职责的定义可知, 它是人们的一种期待(expect)而不是请求(request), 因此选择B。persuade说服, 劝告； request要求, 请求； instruct命令, 指示, 这三项均与语境意义不符。
4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
(1)recognize sb. /one’s voice 认出某人/听出某人的
声音
recognize . . . as/to be . . . 承认/公认……是……
recognize that . . .