Unit 5
What are the shirts made of?
boss
Germany
surface
material
traffic
postman
cap
glove
n. 老板；上司
德国
n. 表面；表层
n. 材料；原料
adj. 交通；路上行使的车辆
n. 邮递员
n. （尤指有帽舌的）帽子
n. （分手指的）手套
Objectives
To learn to use passive voice (present tense)
Are your shirts made of cotton?
It’s produced in many different areas.
Tea is grown in Hangzhou.
用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. The Secondary School Entrance
Exams _______ (hold) in June.
2. A strange noise __________ (hear) by
his mother last night.
3. A wide road _____________ (build)
between the two villages by those
people next year.
is held
was heard
will be built
上面的题都做对了么？如果错了，你知道错在哪里了？这三道题涉及到三种不同时态下的被动语态，下面我们根据之前练习的考察情况，选择讲解该语法项的重难点。
动词的语态
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
下面着重复习课标要求掌握的三种时态的被动语态。
①一般现在时的被动语态
②一般过去时的被动语态
③一般将来时的被动语态
Hong Kong ______ to be a good place for eating today. (2010 河北)
A. knows B. knew
C. is known D. was known
【考点点拨】
首先根据today一词及句意确定时态为一般现在时，其次因为香港与know之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。is known 被……所认识，了解。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受
者，被动语态由“be + 过去分词”构成。be随着主语人称和数以及时态的不同而变化。含有情态动词的被动语态由“can / must / may / should … + be + 过去分词”构成。
The first section of New College
English is designed for speaking practice
and is based on pictures and topics.
一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词
Many people speak English.

主动句与被动句之间的转换
English is spoken by many people.
主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语
主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语
被动语态的几种句型
1.肯定句: 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)
The news is published by the government.
2.否定句:主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…)
3.一般疑问句:Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)?
The news isn’t published by the government.
Is the news published by the government?
4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)?
When is the news published by the government?
1. Children under 18 _______________ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents.
2. We _________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
3. A: What language ___________ (speak) in Germany?
B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
4. Most of the earth’s surface __________ (cover) by water.
5. The classroom needs to _________ (clean) every day.
are not allowed
are paid
is spoken
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
4a
is covered
be cleaned
2. In China, farmers grow the best rice in the northeast.

3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents.
In China, the best rice are grown in the northeast.
Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving.
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
4b
4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s homes.

5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often.
Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes.
This silver plate is not used very often in our family.
Role-play
1. Role play the conversation in groups;
2. Role play the conversation in front of the class
Let’s see which group does the best.
2d
注: 另附 word 文档。
点击此处链接
【2013江苏常州】This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
【解析】某些可以和well, easily, smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read, write, wash, clean, draw, cook, sell, lock, open等, 且主语是非生命的名词或代词, 用主动结构表被动含义。本句的主语为This listening material为第三人称单数; sell well意为“畅销”。句意为“这个听力材料以及它的光盘很畅销。”故选A。
中考链接
【2013河南】 — Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
— Sorry. The book you ask for______ out.
A. is selling B. is sold
C. was selling D. will be sold
【解析】主语the book和动词sell构成被动关系，又时态为一般现在时，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。答语句意“对不起，你要的书已售完”。故选B。
【2013广西南宁】 Han Han’s books are popular. They _______ by many teenagers.
A. is read B. was read
C. are read D. were read
【解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般现在时；主语they是复数形式，故答案选C项。
【2013湖北宜昌】 — At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
— More chances _______ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered
C. have offered D. are offering
【解析】句子大意为“小组学习为学生提供了更多相互学习的机会”。“机会”和“提供”之间存在被动关系，须用被动语态。四个选项中，只有are offered为被动语态。故选B。
【2013湖北襄阳】— Didn’t you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right?
— Sorry, I didn’t. But now I know parking _______ here.
A. wasn't allowed B. isn't allowed
C. won't allow D. doesn't allow
【解析】由上句中的“No Parking!”可知，停车不被允许，根据时间状语now可知，考察一般现在时态的被动语态，故选B。
【2013广东梅州】The child without parents ______ good care of by his teachers in this special school.
A. is taken B. are taken
C. take D. takes
【解析】主语the child与动词短语take care of之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
【2013浙江宁波】 — Have you finished your project?
— Not yet. I’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes.
A. give B. am given
C. will give D. will be given
【解析】句意“如果再给我十分钟我会完成它”，主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。故选B。
【2013湖北黄石】This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable.
A. is made with; is felt
B. are made from; is felt
C. are made of; feels
D. is made by; feels
【解析】句意: “这双鞋是由手工制成的，它感觉起来很舒服”, 主语this pair of shoes不能执行谓语动词make, 故用被动语态, 且主语为第三人称单数形式, 用is made by的被动结构; feel为连系动词, 不能用被动语态，故选D。
Review
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词
被动语态
Many people speak English.
主动句与被动句之间的转换
English is spoken by many people.
主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语
主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语
1. Review passive voice you’ve learned today.
2. Read the articles in Learning English.
3. Preview the new words and expressions.
4. Preview 1a-2a on page 37-38.
Homework