Unit -5 What are the shirts made of ?
Period 9 Section B
Self check
单项选择
（ ）1.Usually computers ______to search the Internet.
A. use    B. are using    C. are used
（ ）2.Trees and flowers _____every year to make our country more beautiful.
A. clean       B. cleans       C. are cleaned
（ ）3.Today Chinese ____by more and more people around the world.
A.   speak      B.  is spoken      C. are spoken
C
C
B
（ ）4．  —Make sure all the lights ____ when you leave the room.
—OK, I will.
A.  turn off       B. are turned off       
C. are turned on
（ ）5．  The baby _____by his grandma.
A. is looked after    
B. are looked after     
C. look after
B
A
用动词的正确形式填空
1) The Great Wall ____________ (know) all over the world.
2) A storm ______ often ________ (follow) by a calm.
3) Some newspapers __________ (publish) once a week.
is known
is
followed
are published
4) English is very popular. It ____ widely _______ (use) in many fields.
5) Plato was a great thinker. The modern world _____ still _________ (influence) by his thoughts about life, education and so on.
is
used
is
influenced
Self check 1
Self check 2
Self check 3
3a
3b Write a paragraph about the  product. Use your notes in 3a.
Use the following expressions to help you:

My town/ city is famous for……
…is famous in my town/city.
…is /are made of /from/with/by/in…
…is /are used for …
…is /are known for…
…is /are special because…
一般现在时态的被动语态
如果想要表达“孩子们喜欢这些歌曲”、“简照看这只猫”，我们会说
Children love these songs. Jane looks after the cat. 如果想要说“这些歌曲
受到孩子们的喜爱”、“这只猫由简照看”，该 ：怎样用英语表达呢？
这两组句子表达的重点很不一样：第一组句子侧重“人”，即某人怎样；而
第二组句子侧重“事”，即某事如何。所以，第一组句子使用主动语态，而
第二组句子使用被动语态。被动语态的表达有固定的结构。
我们先来对比以下两组句子：
Children              love        these songs.             主动语态
(动作执行者)      （动作）    （动作接受者）
These songs           are loved      by children              被动语态
(动作接受者）      （动作）     (动作执行者)
 
Jane                looks after       the cat.                主动语态
(动作执行者)      （动作）     （动作接受者）
The cat              is looked after      by Jane.             被动语态
（动作接受者）      （动作）       (动作执行者)
从以上对比我们可以看出被动语态的构成和用法。
被动语态的构成
被动语态中动作接受者作句子主语，动作执行者置于句末，用by连接
，有时可以省去不用。谓语动词由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，一般现在
时被动语态的结构为：
主语（动作接受者）+is/am/are + 动词的过去分词+（by+动作执行者）
被动语态的句型总结如下：
肯定句： 主语+be+过去分词+（by ~）
否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by ~）
一般疑问句： Be + 主语+ 过去分词+（by ~）?
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+ be + 主语+ 过去分词+（by ~）?
下面我们来看一些具体例子
----Is the boy called Jack? 这个男孩儿叫杰克吗？
---- Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 是的。/ 不是。
The baby is not looked after by his father . 这个小孩儿不由他父亲照顾。
----What languages are spoken in Canada? 加拿大说什么语言？
----French and English. 法语和英语。
被动语态的用法
同学们会问，什么时候使用被动语态呢？一般说来，被动语态用于以下
几种情况：
1）要表达“被……”、“受……”、“遭……”、“让……”之类的语义。如：
教师很受尊敬。→ Teachers are well respected.
这孩子很招人喜爱。→ The child is well loved by people.
2) 强调动作接受者。 如：
他远近闻名。→ He is known far and wide.
3) 不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。如：
房子每天都有人打扫。→ The room is cleaned every day.
总的说来，判断该不该用被动语态主要是看主语是否为谓语动词的行为对象。