Unit 2
The United Kingdom
Grammar
Try to find the function of the italic words.
So many thousands of terrified people died.
The polluted water was to blame.
He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.
He got interested in the second theory.
She found the door broken in when she came back.
He kept the door locked for a long time.
I have my hair cut.
Discovering
Useful Structures
The past participle as the Object Complement(过去分词做宾语补足语)
Read the sentence from the reading passage.
Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.
find + object+
past participle
object complement
One more sentence from the reading passage.
… to form the United Kingdom by
getting Ireland connected in the same
peaceful way.
object complement
get + object+ past participle
什么是宾语补足语？
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：make, consider, cause, see , find, call, get, have, let等。
We think him clever.
What he said made me angry.
We consider the answer correct.
Everyone calls him Tom.
(宾语)
(宾补)
(宾语)
(宾补)
(宾语)
(宾补)
(宾语)
(宾补)
充当宾语补足语的有
His father named him Tom.
They painted their house white.
You mustn’t force him to go at once.
4. Nobody noticed him enter the room.

5. We saw her entering the room.
(名词)
(形容词)
（不定式）
（不定式短语）
(现在分词或其短语)
6. We must get the work finished by 10
o’clock.

7. We take English as a useful tool for
research work.
8. Whenever you may go, you will find him
at work.

9. Let the fresh air in.
10. The plant has its own name. You cannot
call it what you will.
(过去分词)
（用介词引出）
（介词短语）
（副词）
(从句)
用过去分词充当宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语，表示动作已经完成或结束。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。
After waking up, I found everyone gone.
The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard.
They found their new bikes stolen.
1. 在feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后，表示“感受到某人或某事被做”。
I was sleeping when I heard my name called.
He was disappointed to find his
suggestions turned down.
Lily
She found Tom’s hair cut.
She found his room cleaned.
She found his bike repaired.
She found his clothes washed.
She found the walls painted.
hair
clothes
room
walls
car
I saw him ___________________.
scold
scolded by his mother
I saw ___________________.
bite
him bitten by a dog
I saw ___________________.
rob
her robbed by a man
2. 在get, have, make, keep使役动词之后,
用过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示“使某人或某事被…”
We should keep them informed of what is going on here.
Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.
Tom
He had his hair cut.
He had his clothes washed.
He had his room cleaned.
He had his walls painted.
He had his bike repaired.
hair
clothes
room
walls
car
He got his leg injured.
He got his glasses broken.
He got his camera damaged.
He got his wallet stolen.
3. 表示“意欲；命令”的动词如like, order,
want, wish，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible.
He didn’t want such question discussed at the meeting.
The father wants his daughter taught the piano.
“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。  The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. With water heated, we can see the steam. With the matter settled, we all went home.
4. “with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
With many flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
with + 宾语+ 宾补（pp/ -ing/adj. / adv./ to do/介词短语）
5. “have + 宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义
在“ have ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用 get 。这一结构有以下几种含义：
1. 意为“主语请别人做某事”。
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
2. 意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的
事情”。
Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt.
3. 意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做
完，也可以由主语参与完成。
He had the walls painted this morning.
过去分词作宾语补足语时，宾语是动作的承受者；现在分词作宾语补足语时宾语是动作的执行者。试比较：
I found him lying on the grass just now.
I found him knocked down by a car.
区分过去分词作宾语补足语与现在分词作宾语补足语
过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系，不定式强调动发生的全过程，现在分词强调它们之间的主动关系。
I saw her come into the classroom.
I saw her coming into the classroom.
I saw her taken out of the classroom.
过去分词与不定式，现在分词作宾语补足语的区别
(to) do/ v-ing / pp. 作宾补的区别：
I saw him take away the dictionary just now.
(拿走了那本字典)
I saw him taking away the dictionary on the desk
. (正在拿那本字典)
I saw the dictionary taken away by a child.
(字典被拿走了)
(to) do 动作全过程已结束
v-ing 动作正在进行
pp. 表被动完成
省略to的情况：
1) 使役动词 let, have, make;
2) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, observe,
hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,
省略to。注意: 在被动语态中则to不能省掉。
I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night.
=They were made to work the whole night.
Summing-up
(1)feel,find,hear,notice,see,watch,observe,spot等表示感觉和心理状态的动词后接过去分词作宾补时，表示“感受到某人或某物被……”
(2)make,keep,leave,get,set,send等动词后接过去分词作宾补时，表示“致使某人或某事被……”
(3)have表示 “致使”意义的使役动词， “have+宾语+过去分词”这一结构有三种意义：
a.表“请/让别人做某事”
b.表“遭遇某种不幸的事情”
c.表“使完成某事”
(4)like,order,want,wish,expect等动词后接过去分词作宾补时，相当于过去分词前省略了to be,表示“希望/要求、期待某人或某事被……”.
(5)在“with/without+名词/代词+过去分词”的复合宾语结构中,过去分词表示被动意义,宾语与过去分词在逻辑上是动宾关系.
1. We have got the house mended now.
2. You look different today. Have you had your
hair cut?
3. Do you want to have the dictionary delivered
to your house or would you prefer to the shop
for it?
4. A: Could I have a look at the photographs you
took when you were in Europe?
B: Sorry, I haven’t had the film developed yet.
5. On my way to the station my car broke down.
When I got the to the repair shop I found it
closed.
Answers to Ex. 2 on Page 13.
6. The computer doesn’t seem to work well.
You’d better get it repaired?
7. Jill and Eric got all their money stolen
while they were on holiday.
8. The listening text might be easier for the
students if you have it divided into two
parts.
9. At yesterday’s meeting Tony had some of
his points clarified.
10. Chris had some flowers sent to Sarah on
her birthday. Then Chris asked Sarah to
marry him and they had it announced in
the newspaper. They had no time to
arrange their own wedding, so they had it
organized by a company.
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. The reporter promised to keep us      _________ (inform) of the latest news.
2. I’m afraid I can’t make myself _________      (understand) clearly without explaining      the question.
3. The manager was happy to see all of      the problems _________ (settle) so      quickly.
informed
understood
settled
4. Have you had my film ____________      (develop)? I can’t wait to see all my      photos.
5. When I entered the office, I found the
window _________ (break) and the      computer _______ (steal).
6. James had some flowers ______ (send)      to Sarah on her birthday.
developed
broken
stolen
sent
7. What he had said made me ________. (surprise)
8. There was a terrible noise _________ the sudden burst of light. (follow)
9. My glasses are broken. I’ll have to get them ________.(repair)
10. With her finger _______ to the broken vase, my mother asked me, “Who did that?” (point)
11. The doctor warned him ________ food after the operation. (not eat)
surprised
following
repaired
pointing
not to eat
1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year.
A. carry out B. carrying
C. carried out D. to carry out
2. Mrs. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ___ went wrong again.
A. it B. it repaired
C. repaired D. to be repaired
C
C
二、单项填空。
3. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees ____ around our school.
A. plant B. planted
C. planting D. being planted
4. Is this the recorder you want ____?
A. to have repaired B. to repaired
C. to have it repaired D. it repaired
5. She was glad to see her child well ____ care of.
A. take B. to be taken
C. taken D. taking
B
A
C
6. The result of the entrance exams was not made ___ to the public until last Thursday.
A. knowing B. known
C. to know D. to be known

7. He found them ____ at table___.
A. sat; to play chess
B. sitting; to play chess
C. seated; playing chess
D. seat; play the chess
B
C
8. I can make you ___ what I say, but you can’t make yourself ____ in English.
A. understand; understand
B. understand; understood
C. to understand; understand
D. understand; to be understood
B
9. The girl asked him not to leave the door _____.
A. to close B. closed
C. to be closed D. closing
10. I have often heard the ABC song____, but I have never heard Alice ____ it.
A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sang
C. sung; sing D. sang; singing
B
C
11. The two students were told to have the classroom _______ after school.
A. clean B. cleaned C. cleaning D. to clean
12. Can you suggest a good way to get my  spoken English _________ in a short period of time?
A. improve B. improvingC. to improve D. improved
B
D
13. You can hear English ______ in almost      every university in China.
A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak
14. In order to make herself ________, she  tried raising her voice.
A. hear B. heard  C. hearing D. being heard
15. Miss Lin found her house ______ when she came back from New York.
A. break into B. broken into
C. to break into D. breaking into
C
B
B
I often hear the girl ____ this English
song in her room.
2. The girl is often heard _______ this English song in her room.
3. I hear this English song ____ in her room.
4. This English song was heard ____ by the girl in