Unit 2 Working the land
Language points
Learning aims
1、get more familiar with the text
2、Learn the key words , expressions and sentence structures in the text
Sentence Explanations
1. Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.
【分析】①这是一个含让步状语从句的主从复合句。其结构为: 让步状语从句(Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists)+主句(Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer)。
②主句中包含“consider + 宾语 + n.”结构。
③ for引导的从句并不表示原因, 而只是为主句中所说的话提供推断的理由, 加以解释, 此时for前要加逗号。
e.g. The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before.
注意：work the land表示“耕种土地”，相当于grow crops on the land。
【仿写】 尽管他是班上最好的学生之一，班长仍然刻苦学习，因为他明白学无止境。
_____ in the class, _____ hard, for he knows there is no end to learning.
1) 辨析because, for
because表示理由充分,有必然因果关系, 能回答以why引起的问句。
He wants everyone to call him a farmer, for that’s how he regards himself.
— Why aren’t you coming with us to the concert?
— Because I have got a bad headache.
— 你为何不与我们一起去看音乐会？
— 因为我头痛。
for (因为,由于),补充说明理由,不用于句首;不能回答以why引起的问句。如：
The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week before.
since侧重主句，从句表示显然的或已为人所知的理由，常译为“因为”、“既然”，语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。
as是常用词，它表示的“原因”是双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不是很重要，含义与since相同，但语气更弱，没有since正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从并重。
____ he says so, it must be true.
___ it was late, I made haste to go.
The day breaks _______ the sun rises.
The day breaks, ___ the birds are singing.
since
As
because
for
2. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. (P10)
【分析】 这是一个复合句，主句的主语是_____，like those of millions of Chinese farmers是介词短语作_____，for whom引导的定语从句修饰millions of Chinese farmers。
注意：关系代词位于介词之后，指人时要用whom，指物时要用which。
【仿写】 的确，他的相貌举止很像他的哥哥，过去几年里他和哥哥一直在为邻居做好事
Indeed, his appearance and manners are _____, _____ good deeds for their neighbor in the past few years.
3. In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.
【分析】 本句中动词不定式(to grow rice) 作定语, 修饰 the first agricultural pioneer。
不定式放在表示次序的词the first, the last, the best以及the only, the very, the right等词后面, 且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，结构为：the first/last/best/only/very/right ...+n. + to do sth.表示“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的……做某事的人/物”。
他总是第一个来并且最后一个离开。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长。
The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain.
4. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.(金榜P28-1)
【分析】make it +宾语补足语+动词不定式, it 做形式宾语, 动词不定式是真正的宾语。
it做形式宾语, 通常和下列动词连用: consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, show, suppose, understand, take等。
【翻译】 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
【高考链接】 We feel _____ our duty to make our country a better place. (天津2011)
A. it B. this C. that D. one
5. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in the world. (P10)
【分析】 这是一个复合句，主句是_____，that引导了一个_____从句。
注意：“百分数或分数+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与该名词的数要保持一致。
【翻译】这一粮食产量的增加意味着中国仅仅7%的耕地养活了世界22%的人口。
【仿写】收集到的资料表明超过20%的野生动物已经在森林里消失。
The collected information shows that more than _____ in the forest.
Words
1. regard
regard...as...; 将......认为
We regarded her as the best writer among us.
in/ with regard to sb./sth. 关于,至于
a country’s laws in regard to human rights 一个国家关于人权的法律
2. In many ways, he is one of them, and he has struggled for the past five decades to help them.
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
(1) already, yet, ever, just, recently, lately, never, before (adv.)
The boy has already/just got home.
I haven’t heard from him yet /recently /lately.
I have seen the old man somewhere before.
(2) since/for
I have lived in Beijing since 2000.
I have lived in Beijing since I arrived here.
I have lived in Beijing for 5 years.
struggle (金榜P19-1)
v.挣扎；努力；拼搏；斗争
n. (为争取自由、政治权利等而进行的)斗争，奋斗
struggle with与……斗争
struggle for 为争取……而斗争
struggle against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争
struggle to do sth. (=make great efforts to do sth.) 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
eg: She struggled to keep back the tears.
她努力忍住泪水。
It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time
为使工作按时完成, 我做了一番努力。
完成句子
①我们应当帮助那些仍在为独立而斗争的人们。
We should help those who are still_________________
②他们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。
They had to_____________________
Answers: ①struggling for independence
　②struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties
3. Expand （金榜P20-3）
v.扩大；扩展；增加；增长；（使）膨胀；阐述；使变大
常用结构：
expand...into...将……扩展/发展成……
expand on 阐述；详谈
He is thinking of expanding his business.
他在正考虑扩大他的生意。
In ten years the city’s population expanded by 12%.
十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。
联想拓展:
expansion n. 展开；膨胀；扩展
expansive adj. 广阔的；易膨胀的
4. equip（金榜P21-6）
vt. & vi. 配备；装备
常用结构：
equip sb./sth. with 用……武装某人；用……装备某物
equip sb./sth. for 为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物
a piece of office equipment 一件办公设备
They equipped themselves for the expedition.
他们为远征准备装备。
A good education should equip you for life.
良好的教育能使你受用终生。
完成句子
①The soldiers were well (装备)________________weapons.
②This library________________(为……而装备) atomic research.
③Our classroom ____________ (装备有) a computer and a tape recorder.
①equipped with ② is equipped for
③ is equipped with
5. export v./n. 出口（金榜P21-7）
反义词：import v./n. 进口
Eg:China exports to many foreign countries.中国向许多国家出口物资。
We export goods to over 40 different countries.
The import of cotton goods went up sharply in 1986.
在1986年,棉织品的进口猛增。
6. confuse v.使困惑；混淆；搞乱（金榜P21-8）
confusion n.混乱；紊乱；混乱状态
confusing adj.令人困惑的；使人混乱的
confused adj. 感到困惑的；被弄糊涂的
confuse A with/ and B [搭配]把……混同；辨别不清
⑴ He was really __________(confuse) by the___________ (confuse) problem which also ________other people for a long time.
⑵ When the earthquake occurred everything was in ___________ .(confuse)
⑶ I’m always ________John _______ Paul
confused, confusing, confused, confusion, confusing, with/and
6. regret vt.& vi. 后悔；遗憾
n. 遗憾；懊悔
常用结构：
regret doing 后悔做了某事
regret to do遗憾将要做某事
much to one’s regret 深感遗憾
with regret 遗憾地
Tom regretted telling his parents the thing.
汤姆后悔告诉了父母那件事。
I regretted to tell you you hadn’t passed the driving test.
我很遗憾地告诉你你没有通过驾驶考试。
He told me with regret that he couldn’t come to the party.
他很抱歉地对我说他不能参加这个聚会了。
He gave up teaching in 1998, much to his students regret.
他于1998年放弃了教学，这使他的学生很遗憾。
拓展：regrettful adj 后悔的；遗憾的
regrettable adj 可惜的；令人遗憾的
Expressions
1. thanks to幸亏;由于;因为（金榜P20-5）
Eg:Thanks to your help，much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。
拓展:thanks to = because of 由于… 多亏…
Thanks to/ Because of your support , we won the game.
eg: 由于交通堵塞我迟到了。Thanks to the traffic, I was late.
2. rid…of … 使…摆脱/清除…（金榜P21-5）
rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠
rid oneself of debt 还清债务
rid sb. / sth. of 摆脱某事/人
eg: You must rid yourself of these old-fashioned ideas.
你必须摆脱这些陈腐观念的束缚。
联想拓展
be rid of 摆脱
get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉
eg: It won’t be long before we can be/get rid of the pest altogether.
不用太久，我们就能把这种害虫消除干净。
3. be satisfied with 对…表示满足或满意
Eg: You’ve done well at school.I’m very satisfied with you.
你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。
【考点聚焦】
1）近义词组:be content with
同根词:satisfy vt. 满足;使满意; satisfaction n. 满意；满足
satisfied adj.（人/表情）感到满足的 satisfying adj. (事物)令人满意的
2）be satisfied to do对做……感到满意。如：
He was satisfied to win the race. 他对赢得赛跑感到满意。
4. would rather宁愿，宁可
would rather (not) do
would rather...than...是常用句式，意为“宁可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……”
= prefer to do ... rather than do
would rather＋从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，用动词的过去时表示。
would rather have done 本想做……（而实际上未做）
eg:
I’d rather you didn’t. (常用来委婉拒绝别人)我希望你不要。
He would rather stay at home watching TV. 他宁愿待在家里看电视。
I’d rather not go there. 我宁愿不去那里。
I’d rather you came tomorrow than today. 我宁愿你明天来而不是今天来。
I’d rather have made a telephone call to him yesterday. 我昨天本想给他打个电话的。
Homework
1. Finish ex.1-3 on P12
2. 跟踪练习on P22 of Jinbang
3. Preview Grammar on Jinbang P26-27.
5. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.
e.g. I don’t quite understand what you are explaining. Please watch what I am doing carefully.
2) What =the thing(s) that
1) Super 特级，超级
____ the emperor saw was quite different from _____ the old minister told him.
A. What, that B. That, what
C. Which, that D. All, all
It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when
C. what D. how
6. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.
it 在句中作形式宾语, 真正的宾语为to produce…, 结构为: 动词(make, feel, think, regard…)+it +adj+ to do.
e.g. We think it important to learn English well.
I like ____ in the autumn when the whether is clear and bright.
A. This B. that C. it D. one.
7. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.
make it +宾语补足语+动词不定式,it 做形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。it做形式宾语, 通常和下列动词连用:
We consider it our duty to support good leaders.

consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, show, suppose, understand, take等.
The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.
Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of the long-standing debt.
Susan deemed it advisable to keep the matter secret.
We all feel it nice to be able to visit that distinguished university.
Who can prove it wrong to have a “make-money-quick” mentality?
The guide thought ___ wrong to eat monkeys. A. this B. it is C. it D. that was
8. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding the area of fields.
▲ search = try to find by looking for “搜查”。
They searched everywhere but could not find the lost child. 他们各处都找遍了, 始终找不到丢失的小孩。
The