Language points for Reading I
1. Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them?
If so=If you have ever grown some plants.
so 表示“像那样的，如果这样的话”，用于代替已陈述的事。如：
Will you get a free day next week? If so, let's have a picnic.
2. struggle vi. & n. 斗争, 拼搏, 努力, 挣扎
struggle for 为争取…而斗争
struggle against / with 与…斗争
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
They were struggling to get out the burning car.
他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。
We must struggle for a happy life.
我们必须努力为过上幸福生活而奋斗。
The old man has struggled with illness.
这位老人一直与病魔斗争。
The children talked so loudly at the dinner table that I had to struggle _____. (浙江2007)
A. to be heard B. to have heard
C. hearing D. being heard
【点拨】 选A。I与hear之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，再根据struggle to do结构可知选A项。
A
3. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.
这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
it 在句中作形式宾语,真正的宾语为to produce…
结构:
动词(make, feel, think, regard…) +it +adj.+ to do
We think it important to learn English well.
好天气使我们的下周出游成为可能。
他无论在哪里，都把每天跑步一小时当作规定去执行。
The fine weather makes it possible for us to go for an outing next week.

Wherever he is, he makes it a rule to run for an hour every day.
We consider it our duty to support good leaders.

it 做形式宾语, 通常和下列动词连用: consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, show, suppose, understand, take等.
We all feel it nice to be able to visit that distinguished university.
The guide thought ___ wrong to eat monkeys. A. this B. it is C. it D. that was
4. Born in a poor farmer’s family in 1931,Dr. Yuan graduate from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953.
袁博士1931年出身于一个贫苦农民的家庭, 1953年毕业于西南农学院。
5. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem …
hunger
(1) n. [U] 饥饿；渴望；欲望
Nothing seems to satisfy their hunger for truth.
似乎没有什么能够满足他们对真理的渴求。

【拓展】
have a hunger for sth. 渴望……
have a strong hunger for knowledge
有强烈的求知欲
die of hunger 死于饥饿
(2) vt. & vi. (使) 饥饿，渴望

hunger for sth 渴望得到某物
【拓展】
hungry adj. 饿的
6. disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
What he said was disturbing.
他说的话令人不安。

【拓展】
disturb vt. 打扰；使不安
disturbed adj. 心烦意乱的；烦恼的

用disturb的正确形式填空
They were all__________by the _________ news；that is to say，the news _________ all of them.
disturbed
disturbing
disturbed
7. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding the area of fields.
袁博士寻求一种在不扩大种植面积的情况下提
高水稻产量的方法。
▲ search 搜查
▲ search常用的搭配：
　 search sb./sth. 搜查某人/某物
search for sb./sth. 搜寻某人/某物
search sth./sb. for sth.
搜查某物/某人以寻找……
in search of 寻找
expand v.
(1) 扩大；膨胀
The tire expands when you pump air into it.
轮胎打了气就会膨胀。

(2) 扩展；发展(业务)
He is considering expanding his business.
他正考虑扩展他的生意。
【单词拼写】
①The information industries are rapidly e________in China.
【解析】句意：中国的信息产业迅速膨胀。expand，扩张，发展。
②To the surprise of many people，in ten years the city's population e________by 12%.
【解析】句意：令许多人惊奇的是，十年里这个城市的人口膨胀了12%。expand “膨胀，扩充”。
expanding
expanded
8. Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger.
由于他的研究，联合国正在努力清除世界饥饿。
(1)thanks to 由于, 因为，多亏
(在句中只能作状语，可以表达正面的意思,也可表达反面＜讽刺等＞的意思)
__________________________, we won the game.
由于你的支持，我们赢得了比赛。
Thanks to your support
【拓展】
①because of 因为，由于
②as a result of 作为……的结果；由于
他因为自己的粗心大意而失去了机会。
_____________________________________
在旧金山有400人由于地震而丧生。
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
He lost the chance because of his carelessness.
In San Francisco，four hundred people
were killed as a result of the earthquake.
9. rid...of 摆脱；除去
rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠
rid oneself of debt 还清债务
The man rid himself of debt at last.
这个人最终还清了债务。
It is very hard for the people to rid the earth of pollution.

注意：rid的过去式和过去分词：rid/ridded
现在分词：ridding
[注意]
rid还可以作名词, 构成短语get rid of, 意为“摆脱掉、除掉、处理掉”。如:
It's easy to get into the habit of smoking but hard _____________it.
染上吸烟的恶习很容易，但是戒烟很困难。
to get rid of
【归纳】
remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事
inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
10. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are
producing harvests twice as large as
before.
用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前
多一倍的粮食。
英语中的倍数表达法共有三种形式:
(1) 倍数 + 形容词/副词的比较级 + than...
(2) 倍数 + as +形容词/副词的原级 + as...
This building is five times as high as
that one.
这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。
This building is five times higher than
that one.
这座楼比那座楼高出五倍。
(3) 倍数 + the + 名词+ of...
This building is five times the height of that one. 这座楼是那座楼的五倍高。
The new building is four times the size of the old one.
It is reported that the United States uses ___ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice      B. twice much  
C. twice much as     D. twice as much
The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _____ the present one. (陕西2011)
A. as three times big as
B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times
D. as big three times as
【点拨】选B。句意：正在建的下一届亚运会的新体育馆是现在体育馆的三倍大。本题考查倍数的表达法：倍数+ as + 形容词的原级+ as ...。
B
11. be satisfied with sb./sth.
＝be pleased with sb./sth.

be satisfied to do sth.
对做……感到满意
The audience are not satisfied with 2012 Spring Festival Gala because Zhao Benshan didn't turn up.
因赵本山没有在2012年春晚露面，观众们都感到不满意。
对……感到满意
(2) satisfy v．(使)满意，满足
satisfaction n．满意，令人满意的事
to one's satisfaction
令某人满意的是……
satisfied adj. 感到满意的
satisfying adj. 令人满意的
=satisfactory
12. However he cares little about spending
the money on himself or leading a
comfortable life.
但是他很少想到要把钱花在自己的身上，或享受舒适的生活。
lead a …life 过……生活

英语中少数动词，包括一些不及物动词的宾语可能是与它同源的名词类似的短语动词有:
die a …death, smile a …smile, dream a … dream, live a …life, sigh a …sigh
care about 关心，介意
e.g. Albert Einstein didn’t care much about what to wear.
(little/much)
13. And he would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
would rather 宁愿，宁可
He’d rather work in the countryside.
[用法1]：
would rather (do sth.) than (do sth.)
宁愿…而不…，与其…不如…
I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.
有时为了表强调,可将rather than置于句首。
[用法2]：
would … rather than…
=would rather…than…
Facing the enemies, our soldiers would die rather than give in. 面对敌人, 我们的战士宁死不屈。
[用法3]：would rather后面也可跟从句表示主语宁愿某人做某事。这时，从句谓语应用虚拟语气，即用一般过去时表示现在或将来要做的事；用过去完成时表示已经做过的事或过去要做的事。
I’d rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.
[用法4] would rather have done sth. 表示主语要做某事, 而结果却事与愿违。

I’d rather have left a note on her desk.
我本想留张字条在她的书桌上。 (事实上没有)
[高考链接]
---- Shall we go skating or stay at home?
---- Which ____ do yourself? (05 全国）
do you rather B. would you rather
C. will you rather D. should you rather
答案B would rather do sth. 更喜欢做…
翻译下列句子。
1. 她宁愿死也不愿意投降。

2. 我宁愿你现在回家。

3. 我宁愿你昨天没做那件事情。
She would rather die than give in.

I would rather (that) you went home now.

I would rather (that) you hadn’t done that thing yesterday.
1) too much 与much too的区别
14. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.
He has too much work to do.
I got into the taxi and drove much too fast. 我上了出租车, 并开得飞快。
2) rather than 而不是
Mary, rather than her roommates, is going to Beijing. 要去北京的是玛丽, 而不是她的室友们。
注意: rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
15. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.

therefore adv. 因此，因而
equip vt. 装备，配备
He equipped himself for a long journey. 他为长途旅行准备行装。
equip oneself
整装，准备行装，装备自己
equip sb./sth. with
用……装备起来，使装(具)备
be equipped with 装(配)备；安装
be equipped for
准备好，对……有准备
equipment n．[U]装备；设备
用正确的介词填空
①She was equipped ________ knowledge for the vocation.

②The course is designed to equip students________a career in nursing.
with
for
16. Dr. Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.
He read English every morning with the hope of a good result in the examination.
他每天早上都读英语，希望自己在考试中有个好成绩。
Exercises
I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. We were all _________ (晒黑的) from a day on the beach.
2. She’s s________ to bring up a family alone.
sunburnt
struggling
3. The measures will enable us to increase our o_____ of bicycles soon.
4. He was down with the flu, and ________ (因此) couldn’t come to the party.
5. The d________ problem has been making him hard to sleep every night.
disturbing
output
therefore
6. In ten years the city’s population e_______ by 12%, which has made the city more crowded.
expanded
7. Our products are ________ (出口) to Southeast Asia to gain more benefits.
8. Blood _________ (循环) in the body until life stops.
circulates
exported
II. 根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。
1. 我倒宁愿他告诉了我这件事。(would rather)
2. 我们必须除去花园的杂草。(rid ... of)
I’d rather he had told me about the matter.

We have to rid the garden of weeds.
3. 我们必须与各种困难作斗争。(struggle against)
4. 卧室是厨房的两倍大。(as ... as)
We must struggle against all sorts of difficulties.

The bedroom is twice as big as the kitchen.