unit4 Wildlife protection知识点总结
填空：
They showed ____ to their enemies. (mercy)
She was _____ to the prisoners. (mercy)

翻译：
The ship was at the mercy of the storm.
【原句回放】
Farmers hunted us without mercy.

mercy n. 仁慈；宽容；怜悯
?
merciful adj. 仁慈的，宽容的。

【拓展】
at the mercy of sb. /sth. 任……处置；对……无能为力；任由摆布
throw oneself on sb’s mercy 指望某人能宽容
without mercy 残忍地
show mercy to sb
have mercy on sb 同情 可怜某人
填空：
The change in climate may ____ （影响） your health.
【原句回放】
It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.

affect  (Vt.) 影响；使感动。

【拓展】
Have/produce an effect on 对……有影响
come into effect 生效；实施
be of no effect 无效的；无用的
填空：

All people desire an ________(增加) in well-being (福利)．

The workmen want to _______(减少) the working hours and to ____ pay (增加)
【原句回放】
If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food，their numbers may decrease．

decrease v. & n.
(1)vi. & vt. 降低，减少，使(变小)
(2)n. 降低，减少

[搭配]
decrease in 在……方面减少
from 在……基础上减少
to 减少到……
by 减少了……

[特别提示]
decrease v. 减少
[近]reduce v. 减少
[反]increase v. 增加
Did you report the ____ (丢失) of your jewellery to the police?

The company suffered a heavy ____ （损失）as a result of that mistake．

What made him unhappy was the loss （输） of yesterday’s football match．
【原句回放】
loss of bamboo growing areas
竹子生长地的丧失

loss n.
(1)[U]损失；遗失；丧失
(2)损失，损坏
(3)[C]输，未能赢

【拓展】
the loss of sth. 损失/丢失/输掉某物
suffer a loss (of) 蒙受损失
make up a loss 弥补损失
at a loss 不知所措，困惑
联想：
lose v.
lost adj.
loser n.

拓展：
lose one’s way
lose oneself
lose one’s balance
lose a game/match by
be lost in
联想：
lose v. 失去；丢失；损失；输
lost adj. 丢失的，失去的，输掉的
loser n. 失败者

拓展：
lose one’s way 迷路
lose oneself 迷路，迷失方向；沉湎于
lose one’s balance失去平衡
lose a game/match by ( 以……之差)输掉比赛
be lost in 沉迷于
翻译：
I must keep a good reserve of energy for tomorrow’s match．

I have little money in reserve．

You’d better reserve the money for future need．

We must reserve two seats in the cinema．

a forest reserve
a game reserve
【原句回放】We drove the car slowly and watched the lions in the nature reserve．

reserve
(1) [C]保护区，禁猎区
(2) [C]储藏，储备
(3) v. 保留
(4) v. (=book)预约，预订

【拓展】
in reserve without reserve
keep a reserve of...for(=reserve sth. for) reservation n.
reserved adj. unreserved adj.

考考你：deserve是什么意思？
in reserve 储备，备用

without reserve 坦率地，毫无保留地

keep a reserve of...for(=reserve sth. for)保留……以备

reservation n. 保留地；居留地

reserved adj. 内向的；说话不多的

unreserved adj. 未被预订的
翻译：

This book contains all the information you need．

The hall can contain 500 people．
【原句回放】It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes．

contain vt.
(1)包含；含有
(2)容纳

[辨析]contain与include
contain指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内。
include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，用于“句子，including+被包括部分”或“句子，被包括部分+included”。
Twenty-three people，including three babies，were injured in the traffic accident．

【拓展】
contain container n. 容器(如瓶，箱，罐)
翻译：

I would appreciate it if you paid in cash．

Your support is greatly appreciated．

Her family doesn’t appreciate her．
【原句回放】
You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together．

appreciate v.
(1)(不用于进行时)欣赏，赏识；重视
(2)(不用于进行时)感激，感谢，欢迎

[常用搭配]
I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我将不胜感激。

[特别提示]
①appreciate后不接to do作宾语，可接doing或名词、代词。
②appreciate通常不用于进行时态中。
【原句回放】
What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?
【点拨】succeed v. 成功，达到目的

[搭配]
succeed in (doing) sth．成功地做了某事
The plan has succeeded．
He succeeded in(passing) the entrance examination．

【拓展】
success n. 成功，成就
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 成功地
success n. 成功的人或事
翻译：

This kind of bird is dying out．

Many traditional customs have died out because they are out of date．

The fire is dying out and you’d better add some firewood．
【原句回放】As a result these endangered animals may even die out．

die out
(1)(动植物物种)灭绝
(2)(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失，消灭
(3)(火)逐渐熄灭

【拓展】
die away
die off
die down
die away
die from
die of
die a...death
die away(声音、光线、风等)逐渐平息，渐弱

die off(家庭、种族等)相继灭亡，(草木)先后枯死

die down(火、兴奋程度等)渐弱，渐息；(=die away)(光线、声音等)变弱，消失

die from 因……致死(外因，常指情感、疾病之外的原因造成的死亡)

die of 因……而死，死于……(内因，常指情感、疾病等原因造成的死亡)

die a...death 死得……(death前可用形容词)
【原句回放】I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes． 我使自己不被蚊子叮咬。

【点拨】protect...from... 保护……使不受……(伤害)，
=protect...against...
from / against是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词。
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight．

【拓展】
keep sb. from doing
stop sb. (from)doing
prevent sb. (from)doing

be kept / stopped / prevented from doing
翻译：

A great deal of attention has been paid to protecting the environment

You speak English well，but you’d better pay more attention to your written English．
【原句回放】
You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together．

【点拨】
pay attention to 注意
attention没有复数，其前可以用修饰不可数名词的数量词，不能用冠词、所有格等限定词
to是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。

【拓展】
May I have your attention，please?(=Attention，please!)
draw／attract／catch／get one’s attention to
fix／focus one’s attention on
devote one’s attention to
listen／watch with attention
Stand at attention．(=Attention!)
May I have your attention please?(=Attention，please!)
请注意!
draw／attract／catch／get one’s attention to
吸引某人对某事的注意
fix／focus one’s attention on
将注意力集中于
devote one’s attention to
专心致志于
listen／watch with attention
注意听／观察
Stand at attention．(=Attention!)
立正!
【原句回放】Why are they in danger of disappearing?

in danger处于危险中

The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight．Which doctor helped him out of danger?

[提示]danger表示抽象意义的“危险”时，是不可数名词，表示具体意义“危险的人/物”时，是可数名词。

【拓展】
full of danger充满危险
help...out of danger 帮助……脱离险境
There is a danger of... 有……的危险
a danger to... 对……很危险
full of danger充满危险

help...out of danger 帮助……脱离险境

There is a danger of... 有……的危险

a danger to... 对……很危险