必修2　
Unit 4　Wildlife protection
词汇句型复习
要 点 梳 理 高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1．protection n．保护→protect v．保护→protective adj.保护的，防护的
2．decrease vi. & vt.减少；(使)变小或变少
3．loss n．损失；遗失；丧失→lose v．遗失，丢失→loser n．输家；失败者→lost adj.遗失的，失去的
4．hunt vt. & vi.打猎；猎取；搜寻
5．respond vi.回答；响应；作出反应
6．certain adj.确定的；无疑的；某种
7．contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍→container n．容器
8．powerful adj.强大的；有力的→powerfully adv.有力地→power v．给……提供动力
9．affect vt.影响；感动；侵袭
10．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到
11．succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任
12．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
13．harm n. & vt.损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的
14．bite vt. & vi.咬；叮；刺痛→bit(过去式)→bitten(过去分词)
15．inspect vt.检查；视察
16．fierce adj.凶猛的；猛烈的→fiercely adv.猛烈地→fierceness n．猛烈
●重点短语
1．die out　　　　　　　灭亡；逐渐消失
2．in peace 和平地；安详地；和睦地
3．in danger(of) 在危险中，垂危
4．in relief 如释重负
5．burst into laughter 突然笑起来
6．protect...from 保护……不受……(危害)
7．pay attention to 注意
8．come into being 形成；产生
9．according to 按照；根据……所说
10．do harm to 危害
11．without mercy 毫不留情地
12．respond to 对……作出回答
●重点句型
They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being...千百万年前它们(恐龙)就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多……
●高考范文
(2009·福建卷)
某英语报社拟成立“微笑俱乐部”，现向全球征募会员。要求申请者提交一篇题为I Want to Smile的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根据以下思路图的提示用英语写一篇短文。
注意：
1．根据思路图适当展开，以使行文连贯；
2．词数：120左右。
I Want to Smile
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
[范文]
I Want to Smile
There are many advantages of smiling. It can not only make us happy, but also please others. If we smile at life, life will smile on us in return. So I want to smile at all whenever and wherever possible,
First, I would like to smile at my parents because they have given me my life and take all the troubles to bring me up. They arrange almost everything for me. With their help, I have made great progress. I would like to say “Thank you” to them with a smile. Then my smile should go to myself, for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life.
In a word, let's greet every day with a smile. Tomorrow is another day.
考 点 探 究互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．respond vi.回答，答复；响应，作出反应
response n. 回答，回复；反应
respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式)
respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用……回应某人(事)
respond to (疾病、身体的受伤部分)对医药有良好反应
response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应
in response to 作为对……的反应
[即学即练1](1)They still haven't ____________ my letter.
他们至今仍没有回我的信。
(2)He ____________ my suggestion ________ a laugh/______ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。
(3)His illness didn't ____________ treatment by drugs.
他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。
(4)My mother opened the door ____________________ the knock, but there was no one outside.
听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。
responded to
responded to
with
by
respond to
in response to
2．certain adj. 确定的；无疑的；某(种)
(1)作“某(种)”讲时，同义于 some。但 some 前不加冠词。
for a certain reason＝for some reason 由于某种原因
certain professors＝some professors 某些教授
a certain amount of time 相当一段时间
(2)作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于 sure。但是 certain 的主语既可以是人，也可用于It is certain that...句型，而 sure 主语只能是人。
“be certain/sure＋从句”(人)有把握/确信……(表示主
语的信念)
be certain/sure of/about sth. (人)确信(表示主语的信念)
be certain/sure to do sth. 必定/肯定会做某事(主语常
为二、三人称，表示说话人的信念)
“make certain/sure＋从句”弄清楚/确保……
make certain/sure of/about sth. 把某件事情弄清楚
for certain/sure 确定地，确切地(做状语)
It is certain that... 一定会……(不能用 sure)
[即学即练2](1)There was _________________ in his manner.他的态度有点冷淡。
(2)Are you ____________________ it？你对此有把握吗？
(3)He is __________________ his duty.
他肯定会尽职。
(4)_________________ he has wronged me.
我确信他冤枉了我。
(5)_________________ their team will win the match.
他们队肯定会赢得比赛。
a certain coldness
certain about/of
certain to do
I’m certain that
It’s certain that
3．contain vt. 包含；容纳(＝hold)；抑制(＝control)
[即学即练3](1)His paper ___________ no mistakes at all.
他的试卷没有一点错误。
(2)Orange juice ____________ things which help keep you healthy.
橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。
(3)This bottle ___________ two glasses of beer.
这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。
(4)He couldn't ____________ for joy.他不胜欢喜。
contained
contains
contains
contain himself
4．affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭
be greatly/deeply affected　很/深受感动
be affected by heat/cold　中暑/着凉
be affected with high fever　发高烧
[即学即练4](1)The amount of rain ______ the growth of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。
(2)One of her lungs ____________ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。
(3)The audience ____________________ by his speech.
听众被他的演讲深深打动了。
affects
is affected
were deeply affected
5．appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢
appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人
appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事
one/one's doing sth.感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
[即学即练5](1)He highly __________________________.
他非常感谢他的帮助。
(2)We shall ___________________________ you again.
我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。
(3)I really ____________________________ to the party.
你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。
(4)I would ______________________ you could help me.
如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
appreciated his help
appreciate hearing from
appreciate your coming
appreciate it if
6．succeed v．成功
success n. [U]成功；成就 [C]成功的人或事
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 成功地
succeed in doing sth.
have success in doing sth.
be successful in doing sth.成功做某事
achieve great success 取得巨大的成功
sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事
[即学即练6](1)We all _____________________ the mid－term examination.我们都成功地通过了期中考试。
(2)Failure is the mother of __________.失败是成功之母。
(3)He was _________________________ as a novelist.
他是非常成功的小说家。
succeeded in passing
success
a success
7．harm vt. & n．损害；危害
　harmful adj.有害的
be harmful to＝do harm to
do sb. harm＝do harm to sb.对……有害
There is no harm in doing sth.
＝It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth.
做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。
[即学即练7](1)The dog seems fierce, but it won’t ______ anyone.这条狗看上去很凶，但它不会伤害任何人。
(2)Fruit juice can ______________________ children’s teeth.
果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。
(3)He may say no, but ___________________________ asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。
harm
be harmful to
there is no harm in
8．die out 灭亡，逐渐消失
die out 绝种，灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失
die off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死
die away(声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息
die down(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)
静下来
die of 指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等
die from 指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度
等而死
[即学即练8](1) Scientists said that those plants ______ a century ago.科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。
(2) Many old customs ___________________________.
许多古老的风俗正逐渐消失。
(3)If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will ______________.如果暴风雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。
(4)Open the air hole; the fire is ___________________.
把气孔打开，火要熄了。
died out
are dying out
die off
dying down
(5)Every winter some old people _______________ hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。
(6)Nowadays many people ________________ cancer.
现在有很多人死于癌症。
die from
die of
9．in danger (of...)处于危险之中
out of danger 脱离危险
[即学即练9](1)The drowned girl was obviously
_________________________.很明显，那个溺水的女孩的生命危在旦夕。
(2)The old house is _________________ collapse.
那所老房子有倒塌的危险。
(3)They were told at the hospital that their grandmother was _________________.
他们在医院得知他们的祖母已经脱离危险了。
in immediate danger
in danger of
out of danger
拓展：与 in/out of 搭配的短语
in order 有秩序
in sight 看得见
in trouble 在困境中
in line 成行(队)
in place 适合/当
in fashion 时尚out of order出故障(机器等工作不正常)
out of sight 看不见
out of trouble 摆脱困境
out of line 不成一直线
out of place 不合适
out of fashion 过时
10．protect...from/against... 保护……免受……(的伤害)
defend...from/against...保卫……以抵制……
keep sb. from doing
stop sb. (from) doing
prevent sb. (from) doing阻止某人做
[即学即练10](1)Young plants should be well ______________ the cold.
幼苗必须被很好地保护以免受冻。
(2)The hen ___________ its young ___________ being attacked by the cat. 母鸡保卫小鸡使其免遭猫的袭击。
(3)Everyone should take up arms to __________ our country from invasion.
每个人都应当拿起武器保卫我们的国家不受侵犯。
(4)Nothing can ______ us ______ realizing our dreams.
什么也不能阻止我们实现梦想。
protected from
protected
against
defend
stop
from
提示：(1)protect against 和 protect from 意思相似，有时可互换。但是，对于较大的事情，如：敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用 protect against, 对于较小的事情常用 protect from。
(2)在 protect...from/against... 结构中，from和 against 后面常跟 sth.，有时 against 后跟 being done 来强调动作的被动性。
(3)主动句中 prevent/stop...from...中的 from 可省略，在被动句中 from不可省略，而 keep...from...中的 from无论是在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。
11．pay attention to 注意
Attention, please! 请注意！ (演讲用语)
(＝May I have your attention, please？)
attract/catch/draw/get one's attention to 吸引某人的注意
fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on 将注意力集中于
devote one's attention to 专心致志于
call one's attention to 唤起某人对……的注意
提示：以上短语中的 to、on都是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。
[即学即练11](1)She ______________________________ her appearance.她很注重外表。
(2)A great deal of attention has been ______________ protecting the environment.
人们已对保护环境投入很多精力。
paid much attention to
paid to
12．come into being 出现；形成；产生
bring...into being 使形成；使产生
for the time being 暂时；眼下
[即学即练12](1)We don't know when the universe ________________________.
我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。
(2)Such a custom ______________________ long ago.
这种风俗很久以前就有了。
came into being
came into being
提示：come into being是不及物动词短语，无被动形式，无进行时。类似短语有：come into power 当权
come into effect 生效
come into action 开始行动
come into office 就职
come into sight 看得见
come into use 开始使用
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being...
千百万年前它们(恐龙)就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多……
long before 早在……之前很久
before可做连词，连接时间状语从句，做介词，连接时间点或做副词。long before 连接的时间状语从句用一般现在时呼应主句的一般将来时；一般过去时呼应主句的一般过去时或过去将来时。
拓展：(1)before long “不久以后”，相当于 soon after/shortly after, 既可以指将来，也可以指过去，所以与过去时或将来时连用，在句中做状语，不可以引导从句。
(2)long ago (现在的)很久以前。
(3)“It will be long before＋从句(一般现在时)”与 “It was long before＋从句(一般过去时)”的意思是“过很久才……”，强调经过的时间长。
(4)“It will not be long before＋从句(一般现在时)”与“It was not long before＋从句(一般过去时)”，意思是“没过很久就……”，强调经过的时间短。
注意：以上短语、句型中的 long均可以改用普通的时间名词或短语，表达不同的时间长度。
①Long before, there was a big museum here.
很久以前，这里有一座大博物馆。
②I had heard of him long before I came here.
早在我来这儿很久以前我就听说过他的情况。
③Before long he went to Canada to go on with his further education.不久以后他就去加拿大继续深造了。
④It was not long before she came. 没多久她就来了。
⑤It will be long before we see each other again.
我们很久以后才会再见面。
[即境活用]The book was published ______ it was written.
A．soon before　　　　　　 B．long before
C．before long D．soon after
解析：句意为“书写完后不久就出版了”