Computers
语言点
Unit 3
Period 1

Warming up & reading
I am very old now. I was born in China. Many people used me for calculating in the past, but now I am a bit lonely because they don’t like me now.
Do you know who I am?
abacus
Riddles (谜语)
I can be used for calculating. Besides, I can also be used for watching DVD, sending e-mail and communicating through the Internet. However, I am not a PC, because I’m small enough for you to take me with you.
Do you know who I am?
laptop
PDA
Personal Digital Assistant
I am so small in size that I can fit in your hand. I usually have a small screen usually bigger than a digital phone, however smaller than the smallest laptop, I’m a great way to store telephone numbers, access the internet, make calculations, and so on.
Do you know who I am?
I am very small. I can be used for calculating. In China, a lot of students use me when solving mathematical problems.
Do you know who I am?
calculator
I am very big. Scientists use me to solve some mathematical problems.
huge computer
Do you know who I am?
robot
I’m a machine that works automatically.
I can do a wide variety of tasks, especially suitable for doing jobs too boring, difficult,
or dangerous for human beings.
Do you know who I am?
PC
Personal Computer
I’m a small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user. I’m based on the microprocessor technology. At home, people use me to surf the Internet and play games.
Do you know who I am?
PDA
abacus
calculator
huge
computer
PC
laptop
What’s
next?
Can you tell the development of computers?
robot
work for us in Mars(火星)
What’s next?
carry things
work in wars (战斗)
仿真机器人
entertainment
娱乐
What do you think will be the next development?
Do you know in what ways computers
are used today?
Work out a list and compare it with
your partner.
search for …
see movies
listen to music
read books and magazines
send emails to friends
download music
and films
buy things on line
play games on
the computer
draw pictures
look at photographs
on the computer
use a computer
for school work
take part in
chat groups
Advantages and disadvantages of the computers.
Discussion
advantages
we can
communicate with friends
listen to the music
see films & watch news
play games
do shopping
save a lot of time
do a lot of useful things
Disadvantages

Some people especially the teenagers abandon (沉迷于) themselves to the computer games and chatting on the Internet. As a result, they have little time to study .

Some people use the computer wrongly.
1 In pairs discuss what they have in common.
common adj/n
adj (1) 普通的,常见的 (2) 共有的,公共的
(1) Heart disease is one of the commonest causes of death.
(2) He wasn't a hero but just a common man.
have something/a lot/much/little/nothing + in common （with sb）和…有/没有共同点
in common with sb 像…一样
in common 共有,公用
拓展： common knowledge 人所共知的事实
common sense 常识
common practice 惯例
1.The land was owned in common by the residents.
2. The twins____________________.
have much in common with each other
3. You know,Mary ,you and I ________________________(有一个共同点)
have one thing in common
4. Although they are twin brothers, they have nothing ____with each other except that they look alike.
In the end B in all
C. in fact D. in common
联想---- common 指全体所共有的，共同的特征，强调常见与普遍。
ordinary 指种类普通，强调平淡、平庸、普通的意义。
usual 指通常的，寻常的；惯常的。强调“平时的”。
1) This is a __________mistake made by students.
(2) He turned up at the meeting late as _________.
(3) Why are you so impressed with this film？According to me, it's just _________.
Keys: 1.common 2.usual 3.ordinary
2. What do you think will be the next development?
_______ be sent to work there?
Who do you suggest
Who you suggest that should
Do you suggest who should
Do you suggest whom should
2. --- We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.
--- What do you suppose ___ to her?
A. was happening B. to happen
C. has happened D. having happened
A
C
3. _______ is going to marry Lily?
A. who do you think
B. Do you think so
C. who you think
D. Does you think who
A
compare
1．vt. 比较；对照。如：
Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right.
把你的答案同书后面的答案对照一下，看看是否正确。
My handwriting can not be compared with my father’s.
我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。
If you compare the two books, you will see that this one is better.
如果你比较一下这两本书，你会发现这一本好一些。
2．vt. 喻为；比拟。如：
Man’s life is often compared to a candle.人生常被比为蜡烛。
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。
3．comparison n． 比较；对照。如：
He looks older by comparison.比较起来，他显得老些。
It is beyond（=out of）all comparison.这是无可比拟的。
A critical comparison of Carlyle and Emerson就卡莱尔与爱默生（两人的信条或文学风格）而进行的比较与研究
特别提醒
compare…with…表示“把……与……相比（同类相比）”，
compare…to…表示“把……比做……（异类相比，比喻）”。
在表示“把……与……相比”时，compare…with与compare…to…皆可用，尤其是用在过去分词作状语的句子中。
order n. 顺序；定购；秩序；命令
in order 井然有序，处于良好状态
out of order无次序的, 出故障的
in an order 以一定的顺序

place an order with sb for sth
May I take your order please?
基本句型： v. order sb to do sth
order that sb (should) do sth
(1)The lift is __________,so you have to use the stairs.
(2)The officer gave an order that the work _________(do) before 5 o’clock.
Keys: out of order; (should) do
3.according to…. prep.按照, 根据, 取决于
According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library.
He will be punished according to the seriousness of his crime.( 罪行)
导练互动
重点单词
1.calculate
I began as a machine in France
in 1642. (回归课本P18)
观察思考
Mary always calculates the cost of goods
before she buys them.
玛丽总是在买东西之前先估算好价钱。
calculating
Mr.Li calculated that it would take him
three hours to get to Shenzhen.
李先生估计他要花三个小时才能到达深圳。
What I said yesterday was not calculated to
hurt you.
昨天我说的话不是有意伤害你的。
归纳总结
calculate 。
calculate on/upon指望；打算
It is calculated that...据估算……
be calculated to do打算做；故意做
be calculated for适合于
v.计算；打算；推测
即学即用
（1）这些广告旨在吸引年轻的单身消费者。
The advertisements
attract young single consumers.
（2）据估算，去年至少丧失了47 000个工作。
at least
47,000 jobs were lost last year.
are calculated to
It has been calculated that
5. universal adj 全体的,共同的 ;宇宙的， 全世界的
a ～ language/travel
～ interest/weakness/agreement universally adv 普遍地; 人人; 在所有情况下
（1）It is__________ acknowledged that he is a wise leader.
（2）Though different body movements mean different things in different cultures, ______smile is ______ accepted as a sign of happiness or being friendly.
A. the ; universally B. the; usually C. a; globally D. a; universal
（3）I do hope that one day the Chinese language will become a ______ language, that is, everyone in the world will communicate in it.
A. common B. universal C. popular D. special
Keys: universially; A ; B
WHO AM I?
1. Who is the speaker in this story?
2. What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. The development of computers.
B. The development and use of computers.
C. A machine which is simple-minded.
D. Computers may replace human beings.
A computer.
Skimming
Reading Comprehension I
The computer began as a calculating machine．
1936
The computer grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.
Finish the timeline below.
Scanning
Reading Comprehension II
1960s
Computers were used in offices and homes.
Computers connect people all over the world together.
The computer had grown as large as a room.
The history of
computers
the second generation
(1956-1963)
the third generation
(1964-1971)
the fourth generation
(1971- )
The first generation
(1945-1956)
The development of computers:
Calculating machine
Analytical machine
Universal machine
Artificial intelligence
Computer
Internet
计算器
分析机
万能机,通用机器
人工智能
These changes only became
possible as my memory
improved.
Since the 1970s many new
applications have been found
for me.
Over time I have been
changed quite a lot.
Para 1:
Para 2:
Para 3:
Match the main ideas and the paragraphs.
Reading Comprehension III
Complete the chart below.
Scanning
Reading Comprehension
3. Over time I have been changed quite a lot.
over time 随着时间的推移，久而久之
Table manners change over time; they follow the fashion of the day.
Tastes in food also change over time.
in time 及时        on time 按时,准时 at times  时常 kill time  消磨时间 behind time 落后 all the time 一直 at a time 一次 at this time 这时 at that time 那时 at the same time  同时 
in no time 立刻
time的常用短语
3. simplify
vt 简化
The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand.
这个故事里的英语被简写了，可更
容易理解。
7. sum n/v
算术: do a sum in one's head / * be good at sums
金额; He was fined the sum of 200.
总数; 总和 ~ (of sth)
The sum of 6 and 4 is 10.
in sum总而言之: In sum, the plan failed.
联想---in a word all in all
sum (sth) up (1)总结, 概括（某事物）
Now sum up your views in a few words.
(2)判断,估量 He summed up the situation at a glance
4. It took nearly 200 years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
It didn’t take / wasn’t long before…
过了不久就…
It will take / be long before…
要过很久才…
It won’t take / be long before …..
不久就会….

“It took/was+一段时间+before
“It takes /will be+一段时间+before
从句”是一个固定句型,意为“ 多久才 ”。
before用于这类句型时的结构还有：
----It was 5 minutes before someone answered the bell.

---It will be five years before we meet again.

--We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
--Please write it down before you forget it.
过了五分钟才有人给我开门。
五年之后我们才能见面。
我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。
趁你还没有忘，把它记下来。
(07江西)He was told that it would be at least three months _______ he could recover and return to work.
A. When B. before C. since D. that

(08北京）I’m sorry you have been waiting so long , but it’ll still be some time ______ Brain gets back.
A before B. since C. till D. after
It ________ long before we ___ the result of