Unit 5 language points

5. found v. founded founded 建立
founder foundation n.
1).The PRC was founded in 1949.
2).be founded on/upon
The story is founded on/upon facts. 建立在---基础上
6. 失业的
be out of work -------- be in work (表状态，作
表语或后置定语)
= be unemployed / out of a job/ jobless/ without a job
The number of people out of work reached 300.
Is her husband in work?

lose one’s job ----------- find a job （表动作）
He’s been out of work for two years.
If I lost my job, I will go abroad.
out of breath
out of petrol
out of use
out of order
out of control
out of danger
out of sight

out of + n.
上气不接下气
汽油用完了
没用了
出故障了
失控了
脱离危险了
看不见了
out of fashion
out of date
不时兴

过时
7. hopeful adj 怀有希望的
be/feel/hopeful about/of ---
对---抱有希望
Are you hopeful about your future?
We should feel hopeful of our success.
We are hopeful that our dream will come true.
8. vote on 投票表决
vote for/against 投票支持/反对
Let’s vote on it.
It’s certain that I will vote for it.
He has right to vote against it.
We’ll vote to decide whether to carry out the plan.
vote to do sth 投票决定做某事
9. attack
v.The enemy attacked us at night.
n. The death of the actor is due to a heart attack.
心脏病突发
12.equal adj
v. 等于、比得上
n、同等之人或事物
equally equality unequal
be equal to
Tom is equal to John in height.
In English，she had no equals.
相等的、平等的
与-----相等、胜任
He has got into /is in trouble. We must help him.
13. be in trouble 有麻烦，处于不幸中
补充:
make trouble 制造麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事
get into trouble 陷入困境
。
It’s unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble.
14.willing adj 乐意的，自愿的
will n 意志， 意志力 ， 意愿
be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
I’m very willing to vote for the plan.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
15. turn to 求助于，致力于
You can turn to the people’s police for help, no matter what kind of trouble you are in.
I have turned to all the well-known reference books for help, but so far without success.
运用：根据提示，完成下列句子。
⑴ What impressed us most was that they never _____________ (灰心丧气).

⑵ At the first sight of Mary，Tom____________ _________her.(喜欢)
16.lose heart(=be discouraged)气馁；灰心；泄气
lose one’s heart to sb(=fall in love with sb.)爱上
lost his
联想：put one’s heart into 一心扑在……上
lost heart
heart to
reward sb. with sth.奖给某人某物
reward sb.for (doing) sth.因做某事奖赏某人
sb. be rewarded for (doing) sth.某人因做某事得到奖赏
in reward for 作为……的报答
17.reward n报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏
⑴ 老师奖给优胜者一些糖果。
The teacher _____________________ some sweets.

⑵ 他因帮助他们而获得一笔酬金。
He got a reward ___ helping them.
运用：根据汉语意思完成英文句子。
for
rewarded winners with
beg sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事
beg for sth.请求得到
beg sb. for sth.向某人恳求某物
beg sb’s pardon请求某人原谅(句子读降调)；求某人重复所说的话(句子读升调.)
18.beg vt. 请求；乞求；乞讨 vi.请求；乞求
派生：beggar n 乞丐；乞讨者
.The Great President
伟大的总统
As the founder of the republic, the president had many good qualities. Before coming to power, he was a generous lawyer. He was willing to selflessly help everyone who turned to him. He accepted no fee to offer legal guidance and opinions to those who were out of work or uneducated. Later, believing all mankind to be equal, he devoted himself to stopping the unfair anti-black laws. He set up the Black Youth League and was
voted to be the leader. However, though he kept peaceful principles without violence and terror, his mean enemies still blew up his house and attacked his relatives, and he himself couldn’t escape being sentenced to 30 years in prison.
Not fearing of the prison guards’ cruelty, he kept active and begged no mercy from them. As a matter of fact, he was always hopeful and never lost heart during the stage even though he was in trouble.
Finally, people rewarded him with the leader’s position and a gold blanket.
7.see (拟人说法):见证,经历
(1)The year 2008 saw the the great success of the 29th Olympic Games.
(2) China has been seeing changes these years.
1.原句：Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(L27，P34)
句型：Only + 状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)+部分倒装（把原句中的情态动词、连系动词、或助动词提到主语前面）
Only in this way can we learn English well.
Only when he told me did I know the truth. (only
修饰状语从句，主句倒装，从句不倒装）
如果only修饰句子的其他成分，则不用倒装。
Only you can persuade him not to smoke.
仿写：将下列句子译成英语。

⑴ 只是在那时我才明白学习英语的重要性。
Only then ____________ the importance of learning English.

⑵ 只有努力，我们才能成功。
Only ________________________________ can we succeed.
with hard work/by working hard
did I realize
用括号中所给词语翻译下列句子，然后用五句话将这些句子连成一篇短文。
1．1962年，查理先生被送进监狱。(put sb.in prison)
2．有人指控他想炸毁一所中学。(blow up)
3．事实上，他之所以被判三年监禁，是因为他鼓励该校的黑人孩子为争取与白人孩子平等的权利而斗争。(be sentenced to，encourage，fight for)
4．在狱中，他从未丧失信心。(lose heart)
5．出狱后，他为黑人孩子建立了一所学校。(set free，set up)
6．该校毕业的多数学生都工作出色，不用担心自己的前途。(as a matter of fact，worry about)
7．他们受过良好的教育。(educate)
答案：[句子翻译]　
1.Mr.Charles was put in prison in 1962.
2．He was accused of trying to blow up a middle school.
3．As a matter of fact，he was sentenced to three years imprisonment for encouraging the black children in that school to fight for the equal rights with the white children.
4．When he was in prison，he never lost heart.
5．After he was set free，he set up a school for black children.
6．Most students graduating from the school could do their work well and didn’t need to worry about their future.
7．They were well educated.
[连句成篇]　Mr.Charles was put in prison in 1962 because he was accused of trying to blow up a middle school.As a matter of fact，he was sentenced to three years imprisonment for encouraging the black children in that school to fight for the equal rights with the white children.When he was in prison，he never lost heart. After he was set free，he set up a school for black children.Well educated，most students graduating from the school could do their work well and didn’t need to worry about their future.