Unit12 Life is full of the unexpected.
be full of = be filled with
充满，装满
expect vt. 预料，盼望
unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的
the unexpected “意外的事情”“出乎意料的事”。
请读下面的句子，注意expect的用法。
1. I expect a snowstorm.
我预计会有一场暴风雪。
2. The old man is expecting his daughter’s visit.
这个老人盼望着他女儿的到访。
3. I expect to get a birthday present from my dad.
我期待着收到一件来自父亲的礼物。
4. Do you expect him to teach you English?
你希望他教你英语吗？
5. I didn’t expect that you would get there so soon.
我没想到你会这么快就到达那里了。
【及时归纳】
expect是及物动词，意为“预料，盼望”，它有以下常见用法：
1. expect + n. / pron. 预计……可能发生；期待某人或某物
2. expect + to do sth. 料想做某事
3. expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
4. expect + 从句 预计 / 料想……
【趁热打铁】
请根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 李明的妈妈没有料到会得到那种答复。
Li Ming’s mother did not __________________.
2. 他叔叔预计3月15日可以种完这些树。
His uncle expected __________________ planting these trees by March 15.
3. 我希望你能更加努力地学习英语。
I expect __________________ even harder at your English.
4. 我预计我爸爸会给我买一本英汉词典。
I expect __________________ will buy me an English-Chinese dictionary.
expect that reply
to finish
you to work / you can study
that my father
If you read a lot, your life will be full ________ pleasure.
A. by B. of C. for D. With
B
英语中，有些形容词与定冠词the连用，表示一类人或事物，在句子中起名词的作用。
the homeless (无家可归者)
the disabled(残疾人)
The old should be taken good care of by the government.老年人应该被政府好好照顾
the ＋adj.表示一类人或事物
What do you usually do in the morning?
get up early,
sleep late,
take a shower,
wash one’s face,
brush one’s teeth,
have breakfast,
go to school,
do some exercise.
Leading in
She got up late.
She overslept
1
=sleep late v 睡过头

复合词中over,常有“过于.....之意
sleep → slept → slept
oversleep—overslept—overslept
Tell a story
Tina’s Bad Day
I’m taking
a shower!
By the time she got up, her brother had already gotten in the shower.
2
3
4
She was running quickly.
The bus had left before she got to the station.
5
When she got to school, she realized she had left her backpack at home.
1b. Listen to Tina talking about her morning. Complete
the sentences.

1. By the time I got up, my brother _____ already ____in the shower.
2. By the time I got outside, the bus _____ already _____.
3. When I got to school, I realized I ________my
backpack at home.
by the time 在……以前，到……的时候。指从过去的某一点到从句所示的时间为止，常引导表示过去的时间状语从句，主句常用过去完成时，即had+动词过去分词。
当我出来时，公共汽车已经离开了。
had
gotten
had
had
left
left
“leave...＋地点”表示“把某物落/忘在某地”。
leave
I left my homework at home this morning.
我今天早晨把作业忘在家里了
leave sth. +地点“把某物忘在某处”
forget意为“遗忘某物”，指忘记一件具体的东西，但不能有具体的地点。
【辨析】leave 与forget的用法:
(1) leave “ 遗留，落下，忘记带”，侧重指把某物或某人留在某个地方，后常跟地点状语；
（2）forget “ 忘记”，侧重指忘记某件事情，后常跟to do (忘了要去做)或doing (忘了做过)。
—I’m sorry I ________ my exercise book at home this morning.
—It doesn’t mater. Don’t forget ________ it here this afternoon.
A. left; to take B. forgot; bringing C. left; to bring D. forgot; to bring
D
【拓展】
♦leave → left → left v 离开
(1)leave sth +地点 把某物遗忘在某地
(2)leave for +地点 离开去某地
(3) leave a message 留言 ask for leave 请假 leave school (中学) 毕业
(4)leave one by oneself=leave sb alone 把某人单独留下
【注意】英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点, 而不是forget+地点
Unluckily, I left my book at home 不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。
【延伸】动词leave 的第三人称单数形式为leaves;
而名词leaf的复数也是leaves.
leave 用作及物动词，其用法有
forget→forgot→forgotten v忘记
(1) forget sth 忘记某事（不能跟地点状语连用）
He forgot his grandfather’s name.
(2) forget to do sth 忘记去做某事（未做）
Don’t forget__________(post) the letter for me on your way home.
【2014河北中考】33. Don’t forget ______ thanks when other people help you.
A. accept B. to accept
C. say D. to say
(3) forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已做）
By the time… 到……的时候
By the time I got home,
By the time I came in,
By the time I got to school,
By the time the bell rang,
By the time I got up.
①By the time I ________(walk) into the classroom, the teacher __________(start) ________(teach) already.
② By the time I got outside , the bus _________already ________(leave).
( )___ the time I heard the noise ,it had already gone.
A. By B. When C. At
( ) By the time of last term, we ______ all the lessons.
A. finished B. have finished C. had finished D. will finish
I got home
My little brother went to bed
By the time I got home, my little brother had gone to bed
I got to school
The teacher came into the classroom
By the time I got to school, the teacher had come into the classroom
【拓展】by now 表示“到现在为止”，通常与现在完成时连用。
By now I have collected 200 dolls. 到现在为止，我已收集了二百个布娃娃。
4. When I got to school, I realized I _____ my backpack at home.(1b)
Grammar Focus
2. 过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻
或某一动作之前完成的动作或呈现
的状态。也就是说发生在
“过去的过去”。
1. Past perfect Tense 过去完成时
构成：had＋过去分词
助动词 had (用于各种人称和数)
The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时
常用的几种方式:
用介词by, before 等构成的时间短语.

用连词when, before, after或者短语by the time
引导的时间状语从句.
We had learnt 20 English songs by the end
of last month.
The plane had taken off when I reached the
airport.
By the time I got up , my brother had left home.
构成：助动词had + 动词的过去分词
用法：
1. 过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。
1.他说他以前见过你。
He said that he ______________ (see) you before.
had seen
2. 到六点钟为止他们已经工作八小时了。
By six o’clock they ______________(work) for eight hours.
had worked
2. 过去完成时词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续 或将继续下去。
By six o’clock they ____________ (work)for eight hours.
When I came to GZ , he _____________(be) there for a long time.
用法：
1. 到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。
2. 我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。
had worked
had been
3.到上个月中旬我们在北京住了有五年时间了。
By the middle of last month we ______________(live) in Beijing for five years.
had lived
1. 到昨晚上，他已写完那封信。
By yesterday evening he ___________ (write) that letter.
2. 他说他以前见过你。
He said that he ____________(see) you before.
3. 当我进来时，他已做完了作业。
When I came in he ________________(finish) his homework.
过去完成时与 by then(截止到那时); by 9 o’clock(直到
九点钟) by the end of …(在…结束/末之前); by the time…
(在…时之前); up till then (直到那时); up until last night(直到昨晚）等连用，表示过去的过去。
had written
had seen
had finished
3. 过去完成时和 already, just, ever, yet 等连用表示过去的过去。
用法：
例如：1. 他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。
He told me that his team _________ already ___________ (win).
had
won
2. 她说她仍没去过长城。
She said that she _______________(not go to) the Great Wall yet.
hadn’t been to
用法：
过去完成时与when, before, as soon as, till/ until 等引导时间状语的从句连用，强调动作发生的时间前后。
例如：1. 她到家之前她的孩子已经睡着了。
When she got home her children ____________(sleep).
had slept
2. 在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。
Before they arrived here the film _________ already ___________ (start).
had
started
Last night, as soon as I _______________　(finish) my work I went to sleep.
3. 我完成作业了就去睡觉了。
had finished
1. After he ______________ (finish) his work he went out.
had finished
2. The children ran away after they ___________ (break) the window.
had broken
3. I went to Tom’s house but he __________ (go) out.
had gone
Exercises:
4. Annie told me that his father ____________ ( go ) to Paris and he ____________ ( come ) back in a few days.
had gone
would come
5. My friend __________ (buy) the car two years ago. He ________________ (buy) it for two years.
bought
has had
6:00 7:00 现在
By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes.
现在完成时: 主语 + have / has done
过去完成时: 主语 + had done
oversleep
get
go
start
ring
run
overslept overslept
got gotten
went gone
leave
left left
started started
rang rung
ran run
wake
woke woken
Number the pictures 1-4 in the correct order.
1
2
3
4
2b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Th en
listen again and check (✔) your answers.

1. When I got home, I realized I had left my keys in the backpack.
2. By the time I (get) back to school, the bell (ring).
3. By the time I (walk) into class, the teacher (start)teaching already.
leave 在此处做及物动词，“留下”。
“leave...＋地点”表示“把某物落/忘在某地”。
get back to school 意为“回到学校”
get back to 后接表地点的名词，意为 “ 回到某地”;
Role-play the conversation.

Matt: Why were you late for class today, Kevin?
Kevin: My alarm clock didn’t go off ! I kept sleeping,

and when I woke up it was already 8:00 a.m.!
Matt: Oh, no!
Kevin: So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed
out the door.
Matt: You didn’t eat breakfast?
go off 发出响声, (闹钟)闹响
rush out 冲出去，冲出……
【短语】
go over 复习 go away 离开
go by (时间)过去 go for a walk 出去散步
go fishing/shopping/skating/swimming
去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳
go on “继续”
Julia rushed out and didn’t return.
Kevin: No, I didn’t even brush my teeth or wash my face!
But before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left .
Matt: Then how did you get here?
Kevin: Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and
gave me a lift in his car.
Matt: Well, at least by the time you got to school, you were only five minutes late for class.
give sb. a lift =give sb. a ride / give a ride to sb.
捎某人一程
Tom drove by and gave me a _____ on the way home.
A. flight B. Run C. walk D. lift