Unit 9
Grammar Focus
现在完成时：
表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态。
Grammar Focus
结构： 主语+ have / has + 过去分词
She has taught in the school for ten years.
I haven’t eaten anything since breakfast.
I have been to Fun Time Amusement Park.
以already， yet，just， ever，never，recently, so far等为标志 　He has already got her help.　
他已得到她的帮助。 He has just seen the film.　
他刚刚看过这场电影。
He hasn’t come back yet.　
他还没有回来。
This is the best film I have ever seen.
　 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。 He has never been to Beijing.
　 他从没有到过北京。
区分 have been to / have gone to
现在完成时态中:
have been to 和 have gone to 都是指已经去了某个地方，但是 have been to 强调的是曾经去了某个地方并回来了； have gone to强调的是去了某个地方还没有回来。
e. g. Have you ever been to Anqing?
你去过安庆吗？
Yes, several times. 是的，去过几次。
— Where is Mr Wang? 王先生在那里？
— He has gone to Anqing. 他去了安庆。
It's your turn now!
1.I like Guilin. I ___ there twice.
A. go B. went C. have gone D. have been

2.—— Where’s Li Lei?
—— He ___ Beijing.
A. goes to B. went to
C. has gone to D. has been to

3. He went to Toronto two years ago, so he ___ Toronto for two tears.
A. has been to B. has gone to
C. has been in D. has gone
4. Both  his  parents  look  sad. Maybe  
they  ______ what’s  happened  to  him . 　　
Ａ.  knew       Ｂ.  have known    
Ｃ. must know      Ｄ. will know
5. Have you met Mr. Li ______？
Ａ. just Ｂ. ago
Ｃ. before Ｄ. a moment ago
1. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
____________ have they been here?
2. The old man _________ last year. He __________ for a year. (die) （动词填空）
3. This factory opened twenty years ago. (同义句转换)
This factory ______________ for twenty years.
How long
died
has been dead
has been open
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
一般过去时表示的动作或状态，可以是一次性的，也可以是经常性的，所表示的动作或状态与现在无关。现在完成时表示的动作或状态与现在情况有联系，侧重这一动作对现在所造成的影响。如：
I had supper an hour ago．
我一小时前吃的晚饭。（表示过去的动作）
I have just had supper．
我刚刚吃过晚饭。（强调对现在的影响---我不饿）
现在完成时有否定结构，现在完成进行时没有否定结构。
现在完成时可表示做完的时期以及已有的经验，但现在完成进行时不可以。
现在完成时强调对现在的影响。现在完成进行时强调过去那一段过程（对现在的影响）。
区分现在完成时（has/have done）与现在完成进行时（has/have been doing）
I have done it.
我已经做了。(强调你做过的事情的本身，现在是否做不是关键。)
I have been doing it for years.
我已经做了几年了。(说明这个行动没有断过，现在还在做。)
— I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in
the final.
— I think so. He ________ for it for months.
A. is preparing B. was preparing
C. had been preparing
D. has been preparing
2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.
A. walks B. walked
C. has walked D. had walked
3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A. saw B. see
C. had seen D. have seen
4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.
A. studies B. studied
C. is studying D. has been studying
5. The unemployment rate in this district _____ from 6% to 5% in the past two years.
A. has fallen B. had fallen
C. is falling D. was falling
6. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going
back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
A. had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered D. is going to consider
7. —______ you ______ him around the museum
yet?
—Yes. We had a great time there.
A. Have ; shown B. Do ; show
C. Had; shown D. Did; show
8. — Hi, Tracy, you look pale.
— I am tired. I ______ the living room all day.
A. painted B. had painted
C. have been painting D. have painted
【2012贵州贵阳】 “Have you ever been to Tokyo?” “Yes, I ______ there twice. It’s a modern city.”
A. have gone
B. have been
C. had gone
中考链接
【答案】B
考查动词时态及动词的用法。问句用的是现在完成时，答句也应该用现在完成时，前后时态一致。have gone意为“去过，但还没回来”；have been意为“去了，回来了”。根据句意：你去过东京吗？我去过两次，它是一个现代城市。故选B.
【2012黔西南】He _________his hometown for twenty years. He really misses it!
A. has been away from B. left
C. has left D. is away from
中考链接
【解析】A
考查动词的时态。从“for+一段时间”时间状语可知用现在完成时，因此，只能选择A或C选项；而leave是瞬间性动词，不能持续一段时间，所以要将leave变成be away from，故选A答案。