高考写作
1 评分标准
2 内容框架
第四部分：书面表达（满分25分）     假设你是卜曼宜，你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机，因有质量问题，要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点，用英文写一封电子邮件。
要点：
问题：
手机不响铃，不能发短信；该产品已售完，无法更换；型号新，无配件，无法维修。
3. 要求：公司应尽快予以更换。
 注意：
1. 词数为100左右；
2. 参考词汇：配件—— spare part
3. 电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入你所写词数）；
4. 已给出的电子邮件的开头和结尾不得抄入答题卡。
When I bought it home, I found there were several problems about the quality of the mobile phone.
There is no ring in the new mobile phone, besides, it can not be used to send short messages. When I want back to the local company, the manager told me this product has sold out and that I wasn’t able to change it. What’s worse, this style mobile phone is a new product, there is no spare part and can’t to be repaired. These problems worries me most. I hope your company would change it for me as soon as possible.
【分析】基本表达清楚；时态运用恰当；采用了些简单连接手法；内容较连贯；准确性不够。
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第四部分：书面表达（满分25分）
     假设你是卜曼宜，你购买了一部某外国公司生产的手机，因有质量问题，要求该公司更换。请根据下列要点，用英文写一封电子邮件。
要点：
问题：
手机不响铃，不能发短信；该产品已售完，无法更换；型号新，无配件，无法维修。
2. 要求：公司应尽快予以更换。
注意：
1. 词数为100左右；
2. 参考词汇：配件—— spare part
3. 电子邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入你所写词数）；
4. 已给出的电子邮件的开头和结尾不得抄入答题卡。
However, some problems are presented with this mobile phone. In the first place, when there are phone calls, the mobile phone just can’t ring. In addition, short messages can never be sent.
when I came back to the mall for exchange, I was disappointed to be told that this model had been sold out. Worse still, it is a new model, thus no spare part is available at the moment. Nowhere can I have this phone repaired.
Maybe there are some alternatives to handle this case, but I hope it can be dealt with and solved as soon as possible. In brief, my personal viewpoint is that you replace this mobile phone. I’m looking forward to your reply.
【分析】全文共九个句子,其中有

两个时间状语从句,一个并列句;
一个倒装句;
一个表语从句。
运用了however,
in the first place,
in addition,
worse still,
in brief
五个过渡性词汇。
运用了
available, alternative
两个较高级词语。
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1 评分标准
keep to the point
accuracy (spelling and grammar)
bright points(words , phrases and sentence)
natural
2 内容框架
1 真题一（环境保护 一次性筷子的使用）
(how to make your content logical)
2 真题二（周末集体活动 介绍一个地方）
(how to make bright points for your article)
3 真题三（讨论动物园是否应搬出市区）
(how to make accuracy)
4 历年真题翻译练习
真题一
假如你叫李华，是一名高中学生。根据下面内容，写一封倡议书，呼吁人们停止使用一次性筷子。
注意：
1．开头和结尾已给出。
2．字数100左右。
3．参考词汇：reject throwaway chopsticks
写作步骤
1 扩展 -----逻辑性 ----分段
2 翻译 -----亮点 -----词与句
3 检查 -----错误
假如你叫李华，是一名高中学生。根据下面内容，写一封倡议书，呼吁人们停止使用一次性筷子。
注意：
1．开头和结尾已给出。
2．字数100左右。
3．参考词汇：reject throwaway chopsticks
目前状态

导致结果

采取措施
1扩展
砍伐森林会导致很多严重的环境问题。
面对这样的情况，我们应该采取一些措施来保护森林了。
目前，中国的森林正遭受着严重的破坏。
2 翻译第一部分
Do you know why sandstorms and landslides are happening more frequently than ever in recent years? According to the recent statistics,
中国正面临着严重的森林破坏问题。中国的森林覆盖率仅为13%，但是中国每年要生产大约450亿双筷子，而这些筷子就需要我们砍伐2500万棵树。有环保主义者警告，照这样的速度，中国可能在20年内就要砍伐所有的森林。
面临着
森林破坏问题
覆盖率
大约
450亿
2500万
警告
灭绝
be confronted with
the problem of deforestation
be covered with
approximately
45 billion
25 million
warn
die out
中国正面临着严重的森林破坏问题。
中国的森林覆盖率仅为13%，但是中国每年要生产大约450亿双筷子
而这些筷子就需要我们砍伐2500万棵树。
有环保主义者警告，照这样的速度，中国可能在20年内就要砍伐所有的森林。
China is confronted with the serious problem of deforestation.
13% of china is covered with forest, but china produces approximately 45 billion pairs of throwaway chopsticks.
These chopsticks need us to cut down 25 million trees.
Some environmentalists warn the public that the forest of China will die out after 20 years by this speed.
China is confronted with the serious problem of forest destruction.
13% of china is covered with forest, but china produces approximately 45 billion pairs of throwaway chopsticks.
These chopsticks need us to cut down 25 million trees.
Some environmentalists warn the public thatthe forest of China will die out after 20 years by this speed.
Confronted with the serious problem of deforestation.
13% of china is covered with forest, however approximately 45 billion pairs of throwaway chopsticks are produced by China annually,
which means that we need to cut down 25 million trees.
Therefore, some environmentalists warn the public that the forest of China will die out after 20 years by this speed.
被动语态
定语从句
连词
分词作状语
第二部分
砍伐森林会导致很多环境问题，例如，水土流失，废气排放增多，温室效应。人类将会遭受一个由自己带来的灾难。
砍伐森林
水土流失
废气排放增多
遭受
Excessive deforestation
soil erosion
the increase emission of carbon dioxide
suffer from
砍伐森林会导致很多环境问题，

例如，水土流失，废气排放增多，温室效应.
人类将会遭受一个由自己带来的灾难。
Excessive deforestation will lead to a series of environmental changes,
for instance, soil erosion,the increase emission of carbon dioxide ,especially the green house effect.
It's sure that the humen will suffer from a disater which is caused by ourselves.
第三部分
所以，我们是该采取一些措施来保护我们的森林资源了。
it's time that sb did sth.
万能措施一
The long term goal of environmental protection is to prevent the creation of pollutants and wastes and to produce durable, recyclable goods.
万能措施二
In view of sustainable development, the exploitation of mineral resources should be under strict government.
万能理由三
Mankind should join hand in hand to create an inhabitable world for themselves and their offspring.
3 检查 纠错
Do you know why sandstorms and landslides are happening more frequently than ever in recent years? According to the recent statistics, they're due to the disappearing of forests. Dear friends, do you know they were eatlen by you when use the chopsticks? Every year it products 45 billion chopsticks from China. The forests only cover 13 percents in China. These need 25 million of trees. Someone who cares the environment has alarmed that China may use out all of its forests according to this speed! It means that the environment of China will break down entirely. So please throw away chopsticks now!
using the throwaway chopsticks may kill our forests. China whose forests only covers 13% of its land, produces 45000000000 throwaway chopsticks every year. This needs 2500 million trees to be cut down. What's worse, some environmentalists even warned that if we continue using these chopsticks at this speed, it will be possible for China to use up all its forest resources in only 20 years.( At that time, we human beings could not live on the plannet any longer and there way be no living thing on the earth, either. What a frightening thing it is! )So we should not use the chopsticks any more in order to make a better environment for our younger generation and for ourselves.  Dear friends, let's take action from now on!
必备词汇
disaster, flood, hurricane, lighting, thunderstorm, tornado, volcano,
wave, ash, furniture,feather,fur,
latitude,equator,longitude
bury, occur, strike, ruin,erupt, eruption.
current, tropical, violent, previous,
常用表达
污染大气
无节制地开发资源
乱扔垃圾
砍伐森林
冰川融化
土地沙漠化
渡过灾难
回收再利用垃圾
减少废气排放
最大化地利用资源
pollute the atmosphere
exploit natural resources excessively
litter around
deforest
the poles melt
desertification
survive the disaster
recycle the garbage
reduce the exhaust emission
maximize the use of resources
真题二（仿写）
假定你是一名导游，你将接待一个外国旅游团。请你拟定一份100词左右的导游词向客介绍青岛。要点如下：
1.青岛位于山东半岛的南端，面积10654平方公里，总人口699万；
2.青岛三面环海，大海是青岛的魅力所在；
3. 古代名人如李白，蒲松龄，康有为等的足迹遍布青岛各地，留下了华美的诗文。
4. 青岛是一座现代化城市，现代化的工厂和楼房林立。
参考词汇；半岛 peninsula
Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visitied by more than eight million tourists every year.
cover an area of
with a population of
Qingdao is a beautiful city of China, situated in the south of Shandong peninsula , covering an area of 10,654 square kilometers and with a population of 6.99 million.
France is Europe's third largest country and faces the United Kingdom acoss the English Channel.
Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance.
Qingdao faces the sea which becomes famous because of the blue seawater.
Many of Florence 's most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.
Greece's best writers lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced writers ever since.
poet essay celebrity
China's best writers travelled around ancient Qingdao.Many of China 's most beautiful essays and poems were produced by great artists such as Li Bai, Pu Songlin and Kang Youwei.
international possess modern
Qingdao is a beautiful city of China, situated in the south of Shandong peninsula , covering an area of 10,654 spuare kilometers and with a population of 6.99 million.
Qingdao faces the sea which becomes famous because of the blue seawater.
China's best writers travelled around ancient Qingdao.Many of China 's most beautiful essays and poems were produced by great artists such as Li Bai, Pu Songlin and Kang Youwei.
Qingdao is a international city, which possesses a great many modern buildings and factories.
1 连接词
2 框架词
3 内容词
1 连接词汇
表列举：for example、for instance、
that is to say表补充：besides、in addition、moreover表对比：on （the） one hand…on the other
hand, in spite of表原因：because of、thanks to、due to、
owing to 、as a result of 表结果：therefore、thus、as a result、so表结论：to conclude、in a word、in brief、
to sum up in a nutshell in conclusion表转折：however、nevertheless、yet
different
more and more
face
emphasize
many
discussion
attention
happen
realize
various , vary from
growing, increasing
confront
attach importance to
vast, a overwhelming majority of, quite a few, an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of
debate, controversy
focus
occur
be aware of
think
believe, hold, argue, maitain, harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally ackowledged that, to my mind, as far as I am concerned
important
essential, vital, significant, notable
support
be in favor of, approve of
disagree
disapprove of , frown on sth
like
prefer, feel inclined to , be keen on, be fond of , appeal to
good
benefical, positive, favorable, per