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木
兰
诗
第一课时
《木兰诗》的影响
力到底有多大？
《木兰诗》和《孔雀东南飞》被合称为“乐府双璧”，具有很高的文学价值。
文学上的《木兰诗》——
戏曲上的《木兰诗》——
豫剧《花木兰》
表演艺术家 常香玉

工笔绘画花木兰
民间连环画《木兰诗》——
书法上的《木兰诗》——
米芾书《木兰诗》
英语版的《木兰诗》——
Tsiek tsiek and again tsiek tsiek,Mu-lan weaves, facing the door.You don't hear the shuttle's sound,You only hear Daughter's sighs.They ask Daughter who's in her heart,They ask Daughter who's on her mind."No one is on Daughter's heart,No one is on Daughter's mind.Last night I saw the draft posters,The Khan is calling many troops,The army list is in twelve scrolls,On every scroll there's Father's name.Father has no grown-up son,Mu-lan has no elder brother.I want to buy a saddle and horse,And serve in the army in Father's place." In the East Market she buys a spirited horse,In the West Market she buys a saddle,In the South Market she buys a bridle,In the North Market she buys a long whip.At dawn she takes leave of Father and Mother,In the evening camps on the Yellow River's bank.She doesn't hear the sound of Father and Mother calling,She only hears the Yellow River's flowing water cry tsien tsien. At dawn she takes leave of the Yellow River,In the evening she arrives at Black Mountain.She doesn't hear the sound of Father and Mother calling,She only hears Mount Yen's nomad horses cry tsiu tsiu.She goes ten thousand miles on the business of war,She crosses passes and mountains like flying.Northern gusts carry the rattle of army pots,Chilly light shines on iron armor.Generals die in a hundred battles,Stout soldiers return after ten years. On her return she sees the Son of Heaven,The Son of Heaven sits in the Splendid Hall.He gives out promotions in twelve ranksAnd prizes of a hundred thousand and more.The Khan asks her what she desires."Mu-lan has no use for a minister's post.I wish to ride a swift mountTo take me back to my home." When Father and Mother hear Daughter is comingThey go outside the wall to meet her, leaning on each other.When Elder Sister hears Younger Sister is comingShe fixes her rouge, facing the door.When Little Brother hears Elder Sister is comingHe whets the knife, quick quick, for pig and sheep."I open the door to my east chamber,I sit on my couch in the west room,I take off my wartime gownAnd put on my old-time clothes."Facing the window she fixes her cloudlike hair,Hanging up a mirror she dabs on yellow flower powderShe goes out the door and sees her comrades.Her comrades are all amazed and perplexed.Traveling together for twelve yearsThey didn't know Mu-lan was a girl."The he-hare's feet go hop and skip,The she-hare's eyes are muddled and fuddled.Two hares running side by side close to the ground,How can they tell if I am he or she?" From:The Flowering Plum and the Palace Lady: Interpretations of Chinese Poetry By Han H. Frankel, Yale University Press, 1976.
迪斯尼版《花木兰》
思维大挑战
《木兰诗》为何能流传一千多年，深受人们喜爱？
略
详
详
详
详
略
略
详略
质疑2详略与中心
情节
中心
故事情节：
一代父从军、踏上征途（详写） 二奔赴前线，十年征战（略写）三还朝辞官，家人团聚（详写） 四吟唱比喻，赞美木兰（略写）
背诵方法面面观
图片记忆法情节回忆法规律掌握法熟读成诵法竞争背诵法……
木
兰
诗
第二课时
静夜思 李白
床前明月光，
疑是地上霜。
举头望明月，
低头思故乡。
读出诗意——
1、自由译读
2、认识形象
我从文中_____读出木兰是一个_____的人
英雄气概女儿情怀
读出诗情——
1、自由揣摩诗情
2、选读评析
读出诗韵——
1、品析妙点——赏析自己最欣赏的诗句
示例：“唧唧复唧唧”，不见其人，先闻其声，以声衬静，更写出了木兰此时心情的沉重，渲染出一个女孩将要做出重大决定之前的心境和气氛。
2、联想拓展——说出文字本身以外的情节
如：木兰独坐织机旁；出征后爷娘的担忧与思念；征战沙场，夜间踯躅时的动作、神态、心理；还乡闺阁中梳妆的动作；换妆后火伴们的神情、谈论、回忆等。
融意、情、韵诵读
你学到了什么？
小结
修辞手法
排比
“爷娘闻女来，出郭相扶将……”
对偶
“朔气传金柝,寒光照铁衣.”
顶真
“归来见天子,天子坐明堂。”
复沓
“问女何所思，问女何所忆。”
互文
“将军百战死，壮士十年归。”
质疑9互文
互文
互文
正式名称叫“互文见义”。意思是一联中的两句互相补充，须合解。
“东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯。南市买辔头，北
市买长鞭。”
“开我东阁门，坐我西阁床。”
“当窗理云鬓，对镜帖花黄。”
民歌特点
本诗选自宋代郭茂倩编的《乐府诗集》，
这是南北朝时北方的一首乐府民歌。
民歌是人民大众的集体创作，经过文人
韵色加工后用文字记录下来的。
民歌是可以唱的，这首诗最后四句是
歌者对诗中主人公木兰的赞颂之辞。
本诗共十四节，除少数有每节六句之外，
其余都是四句一节。
民歌叙事常抓住重点加以铺排。
返回
写 作 特 色
1、叙述详略得当。 如文章只是概括的
写十年征战生活；与家人团聚的 欢乐
情景 写得比较详细。
2、具有传奇色彩的情节塑造人物。
3、多种修辞手法的运用。 本诗运用了对
偶、 排 比、互文、反问夸张等修辞手法。