Unit 2 Working the land 土地耕种
Ⅰ. 单词盘点
根据词性和汉语意思写出词汇
1. _______(vi. & n. ) 斗争；拼搏；努力
2. ______(n. ) 十年；十年期
3. ______(vt. & vi. ) 使变大；伸展
4. ________(vt. & vi. ) 循环；流传
5. _______(n. ) 自由；自主
struggle
decade
expand
circulate
freedom
6. ________(adv. ) 因此；所以；因而
7. __________(n. ) 工作；职业；占领
8. ______(vt. ) 遗憾；惋惜
(n. ) 遗憾；懊悔
9. _____(n. ) 焦点；中心点
(vt. ) 集中；聚焦
10. ______(vt. ) 减少；减缩
therefore
occupation
regret
focus
reduce
11. ________(vt. ) 画底线标出；强调
12. ________(n. )评论；议论(vi. &vt. )表达意见；作出评论
13. _________（adj. ）引起烦恼的；令人不安的→_________
（adj. ）扰乱的；精神失常的→_______ （vt. ）扰乱；打扰
14. _____(vt. &vi. )配备；装备→ _________(n. )设备（不可数）
15. ______(vt. &vi. )输出；出口→ ______(反义词)(vt. &vi. )输
入；进口
underline
comment
disturbing
disturbed
equip
equipment
export
import
disturb
16. _______(vt. )使迷惑；使为难→ _________(adj. )令人迷惑的→ ________(adj. )感到迷惑的→ _________(n. )迷惑
17. _________(n. )发现；发觉→ ________(vt. )发现；发觉；观察，观测
confuse
confusing
confused
confusion
discovery
discover
【品词自测】根据所给词的适当形式填空
①Our school offers good __________ and you will be well _________ with knowledge and skills for your future job. （equip）
②He was really ________ by the _________ problem which also ________ other people for a long time. (confuse)
equipment
equipped
confused
confusing
confused
Ⅱ. 短语回放
1. 幸亏；由于；因为 _________
2. 摆脱；除去 _________
3. 对……感到满意 ______________
4. 除此之外，另外 __________
5. 逐渐增强；建立；开发 ________
thanks to
rid. . . of
be satisfied with
in addition
build up
6. 导致；造成（后果） _______
7. 集中（注意力、精力等）于 ________
8. 盛产；富于 _________
9. 使……免受（影响；伤害等）；使……不含（有害物）
__________________
10. (与……相比)更喜欢…… ______________
lead to
focus on
be rich in
keep. . . free from/of
prefer. . . to. . .
Ⅲ. 句式扫描
1. ____ (如果这样的话), what did you do to grow them?
2. Dr Yuan Longping grows ___________ (所谓的)super hybrid rice.
3. This special strain of rice _________________(使它成为可能)produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.
4. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests _____ _________ (两倍多)before.
5. He ________________（宁愿）keep time for his hobbies.
If so
what is called
makes it possible to
as large as
would much rather
twice
【仿句自测】根据下面句式仿写句子
①it作形式宾语，代指不定式或从句
仿写：好天气使我们明天出游成为可能。
The fine weather makes it possible for us to go for an outing tomorrow.
②as. . . as构成的英语倍数表达法
仿写：这本书是那本书的三倍厚。
This book is three times as thick as that one.
③would rather宁愿，宁可
仿写：我宁可不睡觉也要把这道数学题做出来。
I would rather not sleep to work out this maths problem.
1. struggle vi. & n. 斗争；拼搏；努力
(1)struggle for 为……而斗争
struggle with/against 与……作斗争，同……搏斗
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
(2)without/with a struggle (不)费劲地，(不)努力地
①Those climbers struggled against the strong wind and finally reached the top of the mountain.
那些登山者在强风中艰难地行走，最终到达山顶。
②She will not give up her dream without a struggle.
她不会轻易放弃自己的梦想的。
③He has been struggling to succeed in his business. （句型转换）
＝He has been _________ ___ _______ in his business.
为使事业成功，他一直努力奋斗着。
struggling for success
【助记】Farmers always have to struggle for a living. They often struggle against/with the bad weather for a better harvest. Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling to increase their income.
农民一直都得为了生存而努力，他们经常与恶劣的天气斗争来争取好一点的收成，他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到大城市打工，努力地增加他们的收入。
2. rid vt. 摆脱，除去
rid. . . of. . . 使……摆脱/除去……
get/be rid of 摆脱；除去；处理掉
①I must rid myself of that troublesome fellow.
我必须摆脱那个讨厌的人。
②How to ___ ___ __ waste is a great problem for the world today.
对于现在的世界来说，怎样处理废品是一个大的问题。
get rid of
3. equip vt. &vi. 配备；装备
equip. . . with. . . 用……装备……(被动语态：be
equipped with)
equip sb. for. . . 使某人为……具有……
equip. . . for sth. /to do sth.
为了某事/做某事而有所准备
①His work experience equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.
他的工作经验使他能与各种各样的人打交道。
②We want our son to have an education that will equip him for later life.
我们想让儿子接受能为其日后生活打下基础的教育。
③________ ____ new scientific farming methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.
因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们已经可以使用比过去更少的农田进行耕种。
Equipped with
【点津】
equip的名词为equipment, 意为“装备，设备”, 为不可数名词。例如：
office equipment 办公设备
a piece of equipment 一件设备
4. regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜；为……感到抱歉
n. 遗憾；懊悔
(1)regret doing/having done 后悔做了某事(表示已经
做的事情)
regret to do 因要做某事而感到遗憾
(表示将要做的事情)
regret that 从句遗憾……
(2)with great/deep regret 很遗憾
to one’s regret 让某人感到遗憾的是
①I have always regretted not having studied hard at school.
我一直后悔在校期间没能努力学习。
②We _____ __ ______ ___ ____ your application has not been successful.
我们很遗憾地通知您，您的申请未通过。
③_____ __ ___ ______ ，we will not be able to visit you next year.
让我们深感遗憾的是，我们明年不能去拜访你了。
regret to inform you that
Much to our regret
【点津】
remember/forget/regret后非谓语动词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生时，就用v. -ing或having done形式作它们的宾语；晚于谓语动词的动作发生时，就用to do sth. 作它们的宾语。
④I regretted missing/having missed the good film.
我后悔没能看那部好电影。
⑤I regret to tell you that you have failed again in the exam. 很抱歉，这次考试你又没及格。
5. reduce vt. 减轻，减少，减缩, 降低
①Taking a deep breath can reduce stress. If you feel stressful, try it.
深呼吸可以减轻压力。如果你觉得有压力，可以尝试一下。
②It’s said that prices of oil will be reduced to 7 yuan.
据说石油的价格会降到七元。
③It is proper that housing prices are reduced by 10%.
房价降低10%是适当的。
【归纳】
reduce. . . to. . . 意为________
reduce. . . by. . . 意为_________
降到……
降了……
【熟词生义】根据语境选择最佳汉语意思
The rich man was reduced to a beggar.
A. 减轻　　　B. 减少　　　C. 沦落
答案：C
6. thanks to幸亏；由于；因为
①Thanks to his effort，it is more successful than we have expected.
由于他的努力，我们获得了比预期更大的成功。
②It was ______ __ __ ______ that I succeeded in solving the problem.
多亏了他的建议我才成功地解决了这个问题。
thanks to his advice
【点津】
thanks to属非正式用语，在句中可作表语或状语。后面接的原因常带有积极意义，多用于好的方面，常译为“多亏”，引导的介词短语可置于句首或句末。
【想一想】常见的表“原因”的短语还有哪些，都有什么区别？
【拓展延伸】
语气最强，多用于表示直接原因。一般放在主句之后，有时也可放在主句之前。和thanks to一样都属非正式用语，用于解释某件事发生的原因和过程。只是thanks to常带有积极意义。
as a result of后面接的原因通常带有消极意义。在句中作状语。
属较正式的用语，常用于正式的通告或公开声明，在句中多作状语。
可以作表语或状语，在标准英语中不能位于句首。due to sth. /sb. 意为“由于，因为”。
①In San Francisco, four hundred people were killed as a result of/because of the earthquake.
②The accident was due to careless driving.
③Owing to a financial disagreement, the cooperation broke down and the two businessmen finally went their separate ways.
7. build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发
①Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere, causing the global temperature to go up.
温室气体继续在大气层中聚集，从而引起全球气温上升。
②Stevens played a key role in building up the company.
史蒂文斯在创建公司的过程中起了重要作用。
③Taking exercise helps us build up our body and keep a clear mind.
锻炼身体帮助我们增强体质，保持头脑清醒。
④Hard working conditions can _____ __ your character.
(喻) 艰苦的工作条件能磨炼人的品质。
build up
【真题链接】
［2009浙江，16］Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ______ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.
A. bring up　　B. take up　　C. build up　　D. pull up
【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养，呕吐；take up占据，开始从事；build up增强；pull up 停车。句意：练习中国功夫不仅能够增强人的体质，而且能够培养一个人的性情。根据句意选C。
8. lead to导致；造成（后果）；通往
①This will probably lead to trouble in the future.
这以后将可能导致麻烦。
②The path leads directly to the house.
那条路直接通向那座房子。
【点津】
此短语中的to是介词，后面可接名词或动名词。例如：Staying up too late led to his being late. 熬夜太晚导致他来晚了。
③（用所给词的适当形式填空）
The new evidence led to the thief ___________ (catch).
being caught
【拓展】翻译以下短语
lead the way ___________
in the lead _______________
take the lead ___________
lead sb. to do sth. _______________
带路；引路
领先；处于首位
带头；领先
致使某人做某事
9. If so, what did you do to grow them?
如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植这些植物？
if so“如果这样的话”，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。
①If so, find out what would need to change.
如果是这样，请找出需要改变的事项。
【拓展】if ever 如果有过/发生过的话
if any 如果有的话
if possible 如果有可能
if necessary 如果有必要
②I don’t know if there are some mistakes in my composition. __ ___ (如果有的话), please point them out.
③The girl seldom, __ ____ (如果有过的话), turned to her brother for protection.
If any
if ever
10. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。
twice as large as是倍数表达的一种。倍数词（half/a quarter/twice/three times. . . ）+as+形容词或副词原级+as. . . “是……的多少倍”。
倍数表示法：
(1)倍数+形容词(或副词)的比较级+than
(2)倍数+as+形容词/副词原级(或many/much) +as
(3)倍数+the size(length, height. . . ) of
(4) the +计量名词(size, length, height. . . )+of+A+be+倍数+that+of+B
(5)其他:
I’m twice/double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。
I’ve paid five times the usual price for the stamp.
我出了5倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。
①His father is twice as old as he.
他父亲的年纪有他的两倍大。
②The size of the newly broadened square is ___ _____ ____ __ the previous one.
新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。
four times that of
③The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. (同义句转换)
=The Yangtze River is almost 3 times __ ____ __ the Pearl River.
=The Yangtze River is almost 3 times ___ ______ __ the Pearl River.
=The length of the Yangtze River is almost 3 times ____ __ the Pearl River.
as long as
the length of
that of
【真题链接】
［2011陕西，17］The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be ______ the present one.
A. as three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
【解析】选B。考查形容词倍数的表达法。句意：正在为下一届亚运会建设的体育场将是现在的三倍大。倍数表达法需要特别注意顺序问题：倍数+as. . . as。故选B。
11. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
(1)would rather do宁愿做……
would rather do. . . than do. . .
would do. . . rather than do. . .
过去时，表示对现在或将来虚拟
过去完成时，表示对过去虚拟
(3)would rather have done本来想……而未实现
宁愿……而不愿……
(2)would rather＋从句
①Rather than refuse to help you，I would borrow money from my friends.
我宁可向朋友借钱，也不愿拒绝帮助你。
②He would rather die than give in to the enemy. （句型转换）
=He would die ______ ____ give in to the enemy.
他宁死也不向敌人屈服。
③I would rather you ___ _______ (finish) your homework yesterday.
我宁愿你昨天就把作业做完了。
rather than
had finished
(1)be satisfied with. . . 对……满意
(2)keep. . . free of/from使……免受；使……不含
(3)focus on“集中（注意力，精力等）于”与其他短语的辨析
1. Don’t bother Tom. He is ______ with the exp